Appraisal Of The Ethiopian Integrated Housing Development Program; Planning Versus Performance (2006 – 2015)
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Date
2016-07
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AAU
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess and determine whether the Ethiopian Integrated Housing Development Program has satisfied the needs of the perceived condominium housing owners and the attitudes of beneficiaries from the program’s performance. It is also to provide comprehensive up-to-date information about the program.
The methodologies used for undertaking the research were quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative method was used to collect and analyze the data gathered from different archival sources. A questionnaire survey was carried out to gather primary data from three selected study case groups’ respondents. Two kinds of questionnaires were prepared to collect such data from the proposed respondents. They were made of multiple choices and open ended questions. Triangulation interviews were also undertaken with 11 key informants. The qualitative data collected from the key informants was translated into numerical information data, tabulation and percentages quantitatively. The quantitative data through questionnaires totally 304 samples had been used (230 sample populations from Yeka sub-city Administration Ayat 3 Condominium Site end-users and 32 from Ayat Chaffee condominium construction projects site and 31 samples from the Addis Ababa Housing Development and Administration Bureau). These whereabouts were selected intentionally for vicinity and manageability of their population size.
The findings of the secondary data appraisal indicated that the program has performed constructing houses about 67% when compared to its planned targets nationwide and 90% for Addis Ababa city administration, which are moderate and high performance respectively. Despite complaints from the perceived beneficiaries in a varied aspects, it is undeniable the program has played invaluable role in making thousands of people homeownership who otherwise could not able possess own house without governments subsidizing interventions.
Also the respondents indicated that approximately 63% of the condominium end-users and 58% of the AAHDCPO staff worker respondents were renters of house from the owners. In seven years’ time, the housing renting cost folded 5 times and they are paying 39% of their income for house rent. Only 6% from the AAHDCPO respondents could acquire condominium houses as direct concerned beneficiaries. 93% of condominium end-users assured the betterment of living in condominium housing than their vacated residential. However, 83.5% of them have dissatisfaction in the quality of the housing units and 89.6% of them are disappointed with the delay of transferring process to beneficiaries. Similarly, 82.6% respondents have grievance against transferring incomplete finished units, 86% criticized the condominium blocks and surroundings inaccessibility for the disabled and old aged people. On the other hand, 50% of the respondents were interested to take advantage of free land supply to secure building lots and desire in home ownership. Actually, accesses to free urban plots, nowadays, are not impressive and the availability of urban free land has been so scarce.
All the requested (100%) of the MSE Cooperatives engaged in the condominium construction sector and the Sub-contractors reported a major problems that they were working in confined small shades. They stayed long time without getting market linkage with the contractors even after the enterprises being granted legal Licenses. About 78% of the MSE respondents also reported that the process and requirements to get credit from the Micro-finance enterprises or mortgage required showing heavy warranty and the sub-contractors complained for not allowed receiving loan from the micro-finance as the MSES were allowed the right to get the credit services.
In addition,, despite strives by government to provide standard urban houses through the IHDP, the sector has faced many challenges of rent-seeking and mismanagement, weak projects administration capacities and integration among stakeholders. In this regard the collaboration and integration of all stakeholders and legislative bodies’ is demanded. In such a way the program would meet the interest of the perceived condominium home ownership and other beneficiaries of the sector through providing enough condominium units in quality and quantity, and could mitigate the urban housing dearth to optimum. The housing policy should also be inclusive approach addressing from individual housing developers to cooperative, partnership and the poor to benefit all from the sector.
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Keywords
Housing Development Program, Condominium House