Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension and its Associated Factors among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2025-04-05
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) including patients on dialysis, but its magnitude remains unknown in Ethiopia. Objective: To determine the prevalence of PH and its associated factors among CKD patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A four-year retrospective study was conducted among patients with CKD who have follow-ups from (sept.2020 to sept.2024) at renal and diabetic clinics in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. The data was extracted using the Kobo collected from the patient's medical record chart and the electronic medical records software. We used SPSS version 27.1 for data cleaning and analysis. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify the variables associated with the pulmonary hypertension risk. All variables with a p-value.
Results: A total of 243 chronic kidney disease patients were included, with a mean age of 60.95 ± 12.53 years, and 61.7% were male. The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) was 16.04% (95% CI: 11.8–21.7%), with 6.2% classified as severe. Advanced CKD (stages 3–5) (AOR: 3.32, 95% CI: 1.95–11.58, p=0.048), type 2 diabetes mellitus (AOR: 3.18, 95% CI: 1.28 7.89, p=0.01), and hypertension (AOR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.35–7.19, p=0.008) were identified as independent risk factors for PH. Conclusion and recommendations: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a significant comorbidity among Ethiopian CKD patients, with modifiable risk factors contributing to its development. These findings highlight the need for routine PH screening in high-risk CKD populations and context-specific management strategies in resource-limited setups.
Keywords: Pulmonary hypertension, Chronic kidney disease, Prevalence, Risk factors, Ethiopia.
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Pulmonary hypertension Chronic kidney disease Prevalence Risk factors
Ethiopia