Cardiovascular Function and Biochemical Biomarkers Response to Concurrent Training: Effect of Exercise Sequence on Type 2 Diabetic Patients
| dc.contributor.advisor | Alemmebrat K. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Friew Amare | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-05-22T07:43:15Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-05-22T07:43:15Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2026-05-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Background: For people with type 2 diabetes, concurrent aerobic and resistance training is recommended because of its benefits for lipid profiles, cardiovascular health, and glucose control; however, the optimal exercise regimen remains unknown. This study examined the effects on metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) of two concurrent training sequences: aerobic exercise followed by resistance exercise and resistance exercise followed by aerobic exercise. Methods: 39 people with type 2 diabetes were randomized into three groups for a 12-week parallel-group, randomized controlled trial: aerobic-resistance training (CART), resistance-aerobic training (CRAT), or a control group (COG). Anthropometric indices were secondary outcomes, while glycemic control, lipid profile, and cardiovascular function were primary outcome measures. After adjusting for average daily calorie intake, a repeated-measures ANCOVA was used. Results: The findings indicated that both CART and CRAT produced significant improvements in glycemic control, lipid profile, and cardiovascular function compared with the control group (p < .05). Significant between-group differences were identified in HbA1c, HOMA-IR, fasting blood sugar, glucose tolerance, LDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, oxygen saturation, and VO₂ peak, with moderate-to-large effect sizes (η² = .258-.699). However, only HbA1c (MD = 0.29%, 95% CI: 0.11–0.70, p = .041) and HOMA-IR (MD = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.04–0.57, p = .022) demonstrated significant differences between the CART and CRAT groups, favoring CRAT, whereas CART showed relatively greater improvements in resting heart rate, body mass index and VO₂ peak. Conclusions: In individuals with type 2 diabetes, both CART and CRAT improved glycemic control, insulin resistance, lipid profile, and cardiovascular function. CRAT showed relatively greater improvements in HbA1c and HOMA-IR, whereas CART demonstrated better improvements in body mass index, maximum oxygen saturation, and resting heart rate. Overall, both concurrent training sequences were beneficial, with only minor outcome-specific differences between exercise orders | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/8094 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | |
| dc.subject | Type 2 diabetes | |
| dc.subject | concurrent training | |
| dc.subject | exercise sequence | |
| dc.subject | insulin resistance | |
| dc.subject | randomized controlled trial | |
| dc.title | Cardiovascular Function and Biochemical Biomarkers Response to Concurrent Training: Effect of Exercise Sequence on Type 2 Diabetic Patients | |
| dc.type | Thesis |