Magnitude of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus infections and Associated Factors among Hemodialysis Patients in selected Public and Private Health Facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2019-08
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses are major health problems worldwide
which spread mainly through contaminated blood and blood products, sexual contact and
contaminated needles. Patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis are at higher risk for
acquiring Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus infections than the general population
because the process of hemodialysis requires vascular access for prolonged periods.
Objective: To assess the magnitude of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus infections and
associated factors among hemodialysis patients in selected public and private
hemodialysis centers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at St. Paul Millennium
Medical College, Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Hiwot Hospital, Bethel Teaching
General Hospital and Sante Medical Centerover a period of 8 months (September 2018-
April 2019) among patients on hemodialysis. By using questionnaire brief history and
risk factors was taken from each volunteering patient. Serum sampleswas collected and
screened for the presence of HBsAg and anti-HCV by rapid test strip and positive sample
were confirmed using ELFA. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data and P value
<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: A total of 301 patients on maintenance hemodialysis participated in this study of
which 192 (63.8%) of them were males. The mean age of the patients was 40.86 years ±
14.9 SD with age range from 16-80 years. The overall magnitude of HBV and HCV was
4% and 0.7%, respectively. History of blood transfusion and using multiple HD centers
were significantly associated with hepatitis B virus.
Conclusion: Moderate and low HBV and HCV burden was observed among
hemodialysis patients. This suggests routine surveillance of patients to track early
detection of the virus, plan early intervention and effective follow up. Moreover, there is
a need toimproveinfection prevention control and increase patient’s awareness about
HBV and HCV infection in general.
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Keywords
HBV, HCV, Hemodialysis