Assessment of patterns of admission, outcomes and associated factors of patients admitted in adult intensive care units of Dilla university referral hospital, Dilla, Southern Ethiopia, 2020.
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Patients are more advantageous from detailed observation, monitoring and
treatment than the generally available in the standard ward or department. The most common
causes of admission to intensive care unit (ICU) are postoperative treatment, infectious disease,
trauma and obstetric complication. Study done in Ethiopia shows that mortality rate in the ICU
was found to be high and diseases of cardiovascular origin were the major reason for ICU
admission and death. The objective of this study was to assess pattern of admission, outcomes
and associated factors of patients admitted in ICU of DURH, Dilla, Southern Ethiopia, from May
4 to 14/ 2020.
METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted on 252 adult patients who admitted in ICU
from august, 2017 to January 2020. Data was collected by using data extraction tool from their
medical records. The study participants’ cards were selected using systematic random sampling
method using a list of their medical record numbers. The collected data was checked
completeness and consistence. The coded data was checked and entered into EPI data version 4.6.
Then the data exported into statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 25 for data
analysis. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors
significantly associated with outcome variables
Results: Cardiovascular origin 86(34.1%) and infectious disease 39(15.5%) were the most
common causes of admission in the ICU. Mortality rate of adult ICU was 77(30.6%). The main
causes of deaths were shock 23(29.9%) followed by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
9(11.7%). Age greater than 60 years, peripheral oxygen saturation less than 90%, length of stay
less than four days in the ICU, patients with mental status of lethargic and unconsciousness were
at high risk of mortality among patients admitted to ICU
Conclusion and Recommendation: in this study, the overall mortality was considerably high.
This finding gives hint the importance of focusing on early detection of cause and critically
follow patients admitted with shock, congested heart failure and acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS). Therefore, strengthen action to improve the readiness of health care to respond to these non-communicable diseases. Health professional working in the ICU should follow patients strictly and early referee for critical cases.
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Keywords
Patients,adult intensive care units