A Prospective Cross Sectional Study to Evaluate the Incidence of Acute Transfusion Reaction and its Associated Risk Factors in Ateritiary Care Center in Ethiopia.
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Date
2023-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background:Transfusion reactions are adverse events associated with the transfusion of whole
blood or one of its components. There is no institutional or national data in
Ethiopia regarding the incidence of ATR & their risk factors. Theaim of this study
is to measure the incidence of ATRs, frequency& time of occurrence of each ATR
& evaluate their association with risk factors there by contributing to the
institutional & national hem vigilance system.
Objective:The main objective of the study is to measure the incidence of ATR &
determine their association with different clinical variables.
Methods: Prospective cross sectional study design is used to study in patient &
outpatient adult transfusion recipients at the department of internal medicine, data
was collected with a structured check list, analyzed with IBM SPSS version 24
software.
Result: A total of 210 study participants with the age of 13 & above were included
in the study from September 1, 2022 – November 30 2022. 50.5 % of study
participants are male & 49.5% are females ,the most common age group are
between the age of 18 -40,the commonest blood group was O positive.Acute
myelogenous leukemia is the commonest underlying diagnosis of the study
participants; PRBC is transfused for the majority of patients given for 74.8% of
cases. ATR incidence is found to be 10%,ATR was reported in 19.6%of platelet
transfused patients as compared to 7% of PRBC, and none of FFP transfused
patients develop ATR. FNHTR & urticaria are the commonest ATR observed.
Significant association is seen between ATR & female gender, autoimmune
disease & ABO incompatible platelettransfusion.
Conclusion:The incidence of ATR is higher than reported from previous studies
indicating the need to improve institutional transfusion services particularly in high
risk patients.
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Keywords
Blood transfusion, ATR, hemovigilance