Assessment of Factors Associated With Perinatal Mortality among Public Hospital Deliveries in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2015-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Back ground of the study: Perinatal mortality is a death of fetuses weighing at least 1000gm or
28weeks of gestation or more if weight is not available and death of live newborn before the age
of 7 days. It makes three fourth of the deaths of the neonatal period and widely used as a health
indicator for newborn care and reflects prenatal, intra partum and newborn care.
Objective: To assess factors associated with perinatal mortality among hospital deliveries in
selected hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: An unmatched case control study using secondary data as a source of information was
conducted. A total 1113 samples (376 cases and 737 controls) were recruited from four public
hospitals of Addis Ababa. Cases were still births and early neonatal deaths and controls were live
births and neonates who were discharged alive from the hospital and did not die before the age of
7 days. The study period was from January 1st up to February 30/ 2015. Epi-Info version 7.0 and
SPSS Version 21 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Descriptive statistics using
measure of central tendency and dispersion, frequencies, proportions and diagrams was used to
check its distribution and describe the study population in relation to relevant variables. Logistic
regression model was used to identify the important factors that are associated with perinatal
mortality
Results: The mean age of the mothers for cases and controls were 26.47+4.87 and 26.95+4.68
respectively. Five hundred ninety seven (53.6%) mothers delivered for the first time. Obstetric
complication occurred in 64.4% of cases and 43.8% of controls. Factor that are significantly
associated with increased risk of perinatal death were birth interval less than 2 years
(AOR=4.55; 95%CI(1.79-11.54), preterm delivery (AOR=4.55;95%CI(1.79-11.54)),
anemia(AOR= 2.6;95%CI(1.38-4.91) and the others were congenital anomaly, previous
history of early neonatal death and low birth weight).Use of partograph was another factor that
is associated with decreased risk of perinatal mortality (AOR=0.35; 95%CI (0.18-0.66)).
Conclusion & recommendation: From factors that are associated with perinatal death, some of
them can be prevented with early investigation of pregnant mothers up on their follow up to
identify abnormalities and manage them accordingly. In addition, appropriate labor follow up
and monitoring with regular use of partograph, immediate newborn care and interventions to
delay birth interval should be addressed
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Keywords
Perinatal Mortality