Prevalence and Perinatal outcome of Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid among Women Come for Labor and Delivery in three Teaching Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023
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Date
2023-10-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: The occurrence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) during labor has been long considered the predictor of adverse Fetal outcomes such as meconium aspiration syndrome and perinatal asphyxia, which leads to perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MSAF and the perinatal outcome of neonates delivered from mothers whose labor were complicated by MSAF at the three teaching hospitals of AAU.
Methodology: A hospital based cross sectional descriptive study was carried out on 413 women who delivered at the three teaching hospitals of Addis Ababa University from January 2023 to March 2023. The data were collected by means of structured questionnaires. It was entered, coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical tests were done using odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals and significance was defined at p < 0.05. Variables with P value < 0.25 during the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate analysis to see the effect of confounding factors.
Result: In this study 413 participants were included. Almost thirty-three percent (32.7%)of the participants had meconium stained amniotic fluid at delivery. Participants whose GA at delivery was 42 weeks or more, who delivered a new born weighing 4kg or more and who were workers are significantly higher rate of MSAF with AOR of 3.24 (95% CI, 1.59-6.69), 5.9 (95% CI, 2.00-17.47) and 1.71 (95% CI, 1.01-2.90) respectively. The rate of adverse perinatal outcome in those with MSAF was significantly increased (23% vs 13.3%) as compared to those without MSAF (AOR=2.91, 95% CI; 1.36-6.25). The rate of Caesarean Delivery was significantly higher (55.3 vs 18.5%) with OR of 5.49 (95% CI; 3.50-8.52) as compared to those without MSA. Conclusion and Recommendation: the prevalence of MSAF in the study participants was high and the presence of MSAF was associated with increased risk of adverse perinatal outcome and increased rate of caesarean delivery. In addition, women with post term pregnancies and those with macrosomic fetuses are at higher risk of MSAF. We recommend practitioners to be vigilant in such women and consider early delivery to prevent the complications of MSAF at delivery. Key words: meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF), adverse perinatal outcome, and perinatal deat
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Keywords
meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) adverse perinatal outcome and perinatal death, ,