Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Women of Child Bearing Ages in Selected Health Centers, Kolfe Keranio Sub City, Addis Ababa
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2015-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: H.pylori is a gram-negative, spiral shaped, flagellated organism uniquely adaptedto colonize the gastric mucous layer. It affects approximately one half of the world populationand it is more prevalent in developing countries. The increased risk of infection is especially highoccupational status,),(X2 =3.708, P=0.447), number of pregnancies (gravidity) (X2 =8.314,P=0.140), number of people in house hold (X2=2.479, P=0.140), gestational age (age ofpregnancy) (X2 =7.879, P=0.069) and number of children ( parity) (X2=0.437,P=0.933).And some expected risk factors like habits of drinking alcohol (P=0.677), cigarette smoking(P=0.468), chat chewing (p= 0.818), drinking tea and coffee (P=0.757), using water for drinking(P=1) and Intestinal parasites (P=0.306) between H.pylori stool antigen test positive results,however, the study subjects who had a habits of drinking alcohol; cigarette smoking and chatchewing were very few in numbers.
Conclusion: This study showed high prevalence of H.pylori infection among pregnant than nonpregnant women. H.pylori infection was associated with a low hemoglobin value, history ofgastrointestinal illness and presence of Hypermesisgravidum. H.pylori infected pregnant womenshowed high rate of anemia than non infected pregnant women. Some expected H.pyloriassociated risk factors like presence of intestinal parasites, smoking habit, chewing chat anddrinking alcohol habit do not have significant association with H.pylori infection in this study.
Key words: Anemia, H.pylori, pregnancy, Hemoglobin concentration, H. pylori Stool Antigentest among those living in the developing world due to precarious hygiene standards, crowded households and deficient sanitation associated with this part of the world.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in kolfe keraniyo sub city in two health centers (Wereda-5 & Woreda- 9) Addis Ababa, Ethiopia among child bearing ages of women, 195pregnant and 137 non pregnant women matched for aged (16-40 years). A structuredquestionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data of the study participants. Biologicaldata such as blood samples were analyzed for determination of hemoglobin concentration andStool samples were assessed for the presence of H.pylori infection by H.pylori stool antigens test kit and the presence of intestinal parasites were also assessed by direct stool examination (wetsmear) and formol- ether concentration techniques.Data were summarized in frequencies (%) and mean (SD) as appropriate. Chi-square tests,logistic regression was used in the analysis as needed. In all cases P-value <0.05 was consideredas statistically significant.
Results: The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection among study subjects of child bearingages of women was 29 %( 96/332).The prevalence of H.pylori infection was higher in pregnantwomen than non pregnant women, 33.8% (66/195) among pregnant women and 21.9% (30 /137)among non pregnant women (X 2= 5.589 P value = 0.020).In this study there was statistically association between some association of risk factors andH.pylori infection like pregnancy status (OR1.825, 95%CI=1.105-3.014, P=0.020), history Hypermesisgravidum in pregnant women (OR=1.652 95%C.I=1.262-2.162, P=0.00), history ofgastrointestinal illness and low hemoglobin value, (OR=5.259, 95% CI=2.978–14.449, p=0.003).There was no statistically significance between H.pylori stool antigen test positive results and
sociodemographic characteristics of the study participants including like Maternal age (X2=3.670, P=0.435), marital status (X2 =0.634, P=0.996), educational level (X2 =3.033, P=0.387)
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Anemia H.pylori pHemoglobin concentration H.pylori stool antigen test