Assessment of Blood and Blood Component Utilization in Black Lion Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2011-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Assessment of blood and blood components utilization is an important tool to
reduce inappropriate transfusions and helps to show the frequency of blood and blood
component utilization, recipient status by pre- and post- transfusion assessments in addition
improved and not improved after transfusion. However in Ethiopia the regular audit and
assessment of the transfusion practice is not well studied.
Objective: To assess utilization of blood and blood components for transfusion at Black Lion
Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
Methods: A one year (September 2009 to August 2010) hospital based retrospective study
was conducted to analyze the pattern of blood component utilization in Black Lion
Specialized Hospital blood transfusion service effected from October 2010 to January
2011.There were about 4,570 transfusion episodes and 10,836 units of blood were transfused.
Using estimation of single population proportion formula and systematic random sampling we
selected 373 subjects and collected information from the existing blood bank log book on
ABO and RH blood group, amount of transfusion episodes, and type of blood administered. In
addition, data on sex, age, profession, level of education and department of the health worker,
type of blood component, and amount of unit administered, prevalence of unexpected
reaction, pre- and post transfusion examinations including improvement status. Data was
analyzed for descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analysis using SPSS version
15.0 software (SPSS INC Chicago IL, USA).
Results: - Of 361 transfused study subjects 856 units of blood were transfused with the mean
of 2.37 units. Of the transfused 188(52.1%) were Females. The most widely used blood and
blood component type in this study was whole blood 307 (85%) and the combination of two
blood products were given to 27(7.5%). Plasma was transfused only for single patient (0.3%).
There were no transfusion reactions after transfusion. Out of the total none improved cases,
45(66.2%) were those transfused with whole blood transfusion. The proportion of
improvement after transfusion according to service ranged from 69.0% to 100%. When 95%
CI for the adjusted odds ratios were calculated among these variables, significant associations
were found between the overall improvement statuses of the patient with their profession of
the health worker ordered the transfusion and type of blood and blood product administered.
Conclusion: - The overall utilization of blood and blood components were similar to other
developing countries. However, transfusion of blood components was very low and there
were high rate of whole blood transfusion. The prevalence rate of patient improvement status
after transfusion was high.
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Keywords
Blood, Blood Component