Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease among Diabetic Patients that attend Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa
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Date
2016-06
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global public health problem with high
mortality and morbidity. It is becoming more prevalent in Ethiopia, but there are very limited
researches regarding the prevalence and associated factors of the disease in general and
particularly among diabetic patients. Understanding the situation in Addis Ababa would help
to excel the effort on the prevention of further expansion of the disease in the city and will be
used as an input for the country level efforts.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of CKD
among diabetic patients that attend the public hospitals of Addis Ababa.
Methods and Materials: A hospital based quantitative cross sectional study was conducted in
3 public hospitals; the hospitals were Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Zewditu Memorial
Hospital and St. Paul Hospital. Among 355 systematically selected diabetic patients.
Proportion to population size was applied to determine the proportion of participants from the
study areas based on the number of diabetic patients that attended the hospitals in the first
quarter of 2008 Ethiopian fiscal year. Accordingly, 51 % of participants were from Tikur
Anbessa Specialized Hospital while 31 % were from St Paul Hospital and 18 % were from
Zewditu Memorial Hospital. The research is conducted from September 2015 to May 2016.
Relevant demographic and clinical data was collected using Semi-structured questionnaire,
interview and document analysis from April 20 – May 12/2016. As the aim of the research
was to find the period prevalence of CKD, five years data from April 2011 to April 2016 was
used. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) of participants was calculated using
Cockcroft Gault and MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) equation.The collected
data was analyzed using SPSS software: version 20. For the purpose of this study, CKD is
defined as K/DOQI CKD stages 3–5 (eGFR< 60 ml/min/1.73 m2): with eGFR 30–59, 15–29
and < 15 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively.
Result: The overall prevalence of CKD among the diabetic patients was 68 (19.1 %)) and 37
(10.4 %) by Cockcroft Gault and MDRD equations respectively. Stage (3-5) prevalence of
CKD was 79.4 %, 16.2 % and 4.4 % by Cockcroft Gault equation while it is 73%, 21.6 % and
5.4 % by MDRD equation respectively. No association was found between the analyzed
factors.
Conclusion: The prevalence of CKD in the study population was 19.1 % by Cockcroft Gault
and10.4 % by MDRD equations.
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Keywords
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Kidney