Frequency of Human Monogenic Trait at Sodo Secondary Comprehensive High School in Wolaita Zone South Region, Ethiopia
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Date
2024-09
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Traits are structural characteristics of an organism that is determined genetically and transmitted from parents to offspring. There are many morphogenetic traits exist in human could be sued for personal identification and investigations. Morphogenetic characters are physical characters of an individual and due to the way we inherit these traits varied the same part of our body which function similarly may looks different. The current study was focused to identify the variation of some of the morphogenetic characters such as earlobe attachment, widow peak, tongue rolling, bent little finger, and hitchhiker‟s thumb among the student's of wolaita sodo comprehensive high school. The general objective of this study was to investigate the distribution and frequencies of observable morphological traits among the students. Morphological traits of grade 9,10,11, and 12 students of both sexes who volunteered between the ages of 15-20 years old after agreement or consent was obtained from each student and their respective parents, indicating their readiness to participate. A cross-sectional study were conducted on 381 volunteer students (183 males, 198 females) to decide the variation in morphogenetic traits. Data collection for external morphological traits was done by using an observation and recording technique. Then, the data were categorized based on the traits observed and finally the data was analyzed to develop standards for the unique morphology of different parts of the body. Tables and Figures were used to present the findings. Among the morphogenetic traits that investigated in the selected population, the Chi-squared analysis of variance showed that there is significant association were observed in widow peak and bent hitchhiker thumb with gender (p>0.05). The rest morphogenetic traits, did not show association with sex. There was also the higher dominant frequency distribution observed in tongue rolling were found to be female 151(40%) and the lower dominant frequency distribution in male 137(36%). The frequency distribution of bent little finger was 33(9)% and the straight little finger was 348(91%). The frequency distribution of straight hitchhiker thumb was lower 157(41)% than bent hitchhiker thumb 224(59)%. Analysis of the frequency and distribution of the 5 traits in 381 male and female students showed that the dominant phenotype more expressed in the facial morphological traits of earlobe, widow‟s peak and tongue rolling. The recessive phenotype more expressed in hands morphological traits of bent little finger and hitchhiker thumb.
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Keywords
Bent Little Finger, Dominant and Recessive Gene, Morphogenetic Traits, Widow Peak