Assessment of the influence of duration of cohabitation, obstetrics & gynecologic, behavioral and nutritional risk factors on preeclampsia among nulliparous women in selected hospitals of west Amhara Zones, Ethiopia
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Date
2018-06
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Addis Ababa Universty
Abstract
Introduction: Preeclampsia is the major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Identifying risk factors of preeclampsia is crucial for early diagnosis and management. Though several studies have been conducted related to preeclampsia, the influence of duration of cohabitation, obstetrics and gynecologic, behavioral and nutritional factors have not been well understood among nulliparous women.
Objectives: To assess the effect of duration of cohabitation, obstetrics and gynecologic, behavioral and nutritional risk factors on preeclampsia among nulliparous women in selected public hospitals of West Amhara Zones, Ethiopia
Method: Age-matched case-control study design was employed on a total of 330 preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic women who come for delivery at Felege Hiwot, Addis Alem, and Debre Tabor hospitals. Double population proportions formula with a 2:1 control to case ratio was used to calculate sample size with 95% confidence interval and 80% power. Epi data version 3.1 was used for data entry, and analysis was done by SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were computed to reveal the magnitude of duration of cohabitation, obstetrics and gynecologic, behavioral and nutritional factors among preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic nulliparous women. Chi-square test was used to assure statistical significance. Conditional bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were also used to calibrate the association between the above factors and preeclampsia. Both crude and adjusted odds ratios were used to measure the strength, direction, and significance of association at 95% confidence interval.
Result: The risk of preeclampsia among nulliparous women was 2 times higher among women with short duration of cohabitation (AOR: 2.13(1.10, 4.11), 2.35 times higher among those with unplanned pregnancy (AOR: 2.35 (1.01, 5.52), and 2 times higher among those with MUAC ≥ 25cm (AOR: 2.00(1.10, 3.63). On the other hand, the risk was (AOR: 0.52(0.29, 0.96), (AOR: 0.42 (0.22, 0.82) and (AOR: 0.45(0.24, 0.87) lower among nulliparous women who got advise at antenatal care, had vegetable and fruit intakes, respectively compared with counterparts.
Conclusion: Special attention should be given to nulliparous women who found to have a short duration of cohabitation, unplanned pregnancy, and high body weight. Nutritional counseling shall be given to women during antenatal care follow-ups to reduce the risk of preeclampsia.
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Preeclampsia,morbidity and mortality