Computed Tomography and X-Ray Patterns of Pelvic Fracture in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Adults, Addis Abeba University, Addis Abeba ,Ethiopia.
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Date
2019-07
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background :Trauma is a public health burden resulting in increased morbidity, mortality and disability for thesurvivors. Musculoskeletal injury results in dramatic, destructing and life-threatening injuries.Of these pelvic fracture accounts approximately to 3% of the overall injuries and is one of the majorcauses of morbidity and mortality.Classification of pelvic fracture is useful in describing injuryand also helps in guiding both the initial treatment and definitive fixation. But pelvic fractureshave presented a great challenge to orthopedic surgeons and radiologists over the years in that multiple classification system exists to attempt to standardize care and no consensus exists in theclassification method of such fractures. The classification scheme of Young and Burgess andTiles described the severity of injury by the mechanistic process involved and by grading thestability of the injury respectively. However, the most current classification method is that developed by the AO and OTA and is a composite of these two earlier methods. In addition, anunderstanding of the mechanism of injury that leads to pelvic fractures is useful to guidetreatment and understand patterns of injury and cause of mortality.
Objective :The objective of the study is determining the CT and X-ray pattern of pelvic fracture in TASH.
Method :The study is a hospital based retrospective cross sectional study done on 80 patients who havepelvic ring fracture who have CT scan and Pelvic X-ray (AP, Inlet and outlet views) in thedepartment of radiology. The CT scan was examined by senior radiology residents and revised by radiologist, with these finding the Tiles classification of pelvic ring fracture was assessed bythe principal investigator initially by X-ray alone and later by CT scan alone blindly. vii
Result :A total of 80 patients with pelvic ring fracture were included in the study of which 58 (72.5%)were males and 22 (27.5%) were females. Road terrific accident was the major cause of pelvicfracture accounting for 76.3% of cases followed by fall from a height. Of those involved in RTAthe most affected people were both passengers and pedestrians (30%) each followed bydrivers(16.3%).The most commonly affected age group was those found in between 15-25years of age (43.8%) and followed by those in between 26-35 years (35%). The most commonpattern of pelvic ring fracture was Tiles B2 (25%) followed by C1 (22.5%) and B3 (20%). Over allTiles B accounts 45% and Tiles C accounts 38.8%.
Conclusion :In this study trauma commonly affects males and RTA is the most common type of trauma causing pelvic ring fracture affecting males in the productive age groups between 15-35 years.Tiles B pattern of pelvic ring fracture is the most common pattern followed by Tiles C pattern.Further study is recommended in the value of CT and X-ray in the evaluation of pelvic fracture.
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Pelvic Fracture