Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Enteropathogen among under-five Children with Diarrhea in Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College,Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2021-10
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Globally, diarrheal disease is a common condition associated with highmorbidity and mortality in under 5 children. Every day, it is estimated that more than 4000 children lose their lives due to diarrhea. Despite its significant public health concern, littleis known about prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of enteropathogen inmany countries, including Ethiopia.
Objectives: To determine Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ofEnteropathogen among under-five children with diarrhea in Yekatit 12 Hospital MedicalCollege, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was employed from October tomarch 2021 among 411 conveniently selected diarrheic patient in Yekatit 12 hospitalAddis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were collected by using Structured questionary. Stoolsamples was examined for parasites and enteric bacteria. Each bacteria then identifiedusing colony morphology and standard biochemical tests. Anti-microbial susceptibilitytesting was performed by using disc diffusion techniques on Muller Hinton Agar. Thecollected data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 software package. To identify factorsassociated with enteropathogen, Chi-square (χ2) test was applied statistical significancewas considered at level of significance of 5%.
Result: Among 411 examined stool samples, in more than a quarter (106(25.8%)) of thesamples enteropathogen was detected. Of those majority (90(84.9%)) were intestinal parasites the rest (16(15.1%)) were positive for bacteria. Entamoeba histolytica andsalmonella were the predominant enteropathogen which accounts for (51(12.4.7%)) and(10(2.4%)) respectively. unprotected drinking water source(P=0.002), poor hand washingpractice of care giver (P=0.020) and poor Cleaning of utensil for child feeding(P=0.025)were statistically significant for the presence of enteropathogen in stool. Among patientswho had Salmonella and shigella infections almost all were resistant for ampicillin andamoxicillin. But all the identified Salmonella and shigella isolates were sensitive toCiprofloxacin and Ceftriaxone.
Conclusion and Recommendation: The finding of this study indicates that Entamoebahistolytica and salmonella species were the predominant etiologies and the presence ofbacterial isolates resistant to the commonly prescribed drugs for treating diarrhea inchildren Therefore, carry on identified associated factors and regular drug susceptibilitytest is essential to reduce the problem.
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Prevalence, Enteropathogen, Diarrhea in under-Five Children