Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Enteropathogen among under-five Children with Diarrhea in Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College,Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2021-10
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Globally, diarrheal disease is a common condition associated with high
morbidity and mortality in under 5 children. Every day, it is estimated that more than 4000
children lose their lives due to diarrhea. Despite its significant public health concern, little
is known about prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of enteropathogen in
many countries, including Ethiopia.
Objectives: To determine Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of
Enteropathogen among under-five children with diarrhea in Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical
College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was employed from October to
march 2021 among 411 conveniently selected diarrheic patient in Yekatit 12 hospital
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were collected by using Structured questionary. Stool
samples was examined for parasites and enteric bacteria. Each bacteria then identified
using colony morphology and standard biochemical tests. Anti-microbial susceptibility
testing was performed by using disc diffusion techniques on Muller Hinton Agar. The
collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 software package. To identify factors
associated with enteropathogen, Chi-square (χ2) test was applied statistical significance
was considered at level of significance of 5%.
Result: Among 411 examined stool samples, in more than a quarter (106(25.8%)) of the
samples enteropathogen was detected. Of those majority (90(84.9%)) were intestinal
parasites the rest (16(15.1%)) were positive for bacteria. Entamoeba histolytica and
salmonella were the predominant enteropathogen which accounts for (51(12.4.7%)) and
(10(2.4%)) respectively. unprotected drinking water source(P=0.002), poor hand washing
practice of care giver (P=0.020) and poor Cleaning of utensil for child feeding(P=0.025)
were statistically significant for the presence of enteropathogen in stool. Among patients
who had Salmonella and shigella infections almost all were resistant for ampicillin and
amoxicillin. But all the identified Salmonella and shigella isolates were sensitive to
Ciprofloxacin and Ceftriaxone.
Conclusion and Recommendation: The finding of this study indicates that Entamoeba
histolytica and salmonella species were the predominant etiologies and the presence of
bacterial isolates resistant to the commonly prescribed drugs for treating diarrhea in
children Therefore, carry on identified associated factors and regular drug susceptibility
test is essential to reduce the problem.
Description
Keywords
Prevalence, Enteropathogen, Diarrhea in under-Five Children