CHARACTERIZATION OF LESIONS AND EVALUATION OF HAEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN SCAVENGING CHICKEN NATURALLY INFECTED BY GASTROINTESTINAL HELMINTHS IN AND AROUND BISHOFTU
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Date
2017-06
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Abstract
A study was conducted from November 2016 - May 2017 on eighty free range chickens purchased
from Bishoftu local markets, to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths,for
characterizetion of lesions of lesions in parasite positive chicken, and to evaluate change in
haemathological and serum biochemical parameters. The gastrointestinal helminths were isolated
and characterized. Blood sample was collected from brachial vein in vacutainer tube with
anticoagulant for hematological examination and also in plain vacutainers for serum biochemical
analysis. After gross lesion characterization tissues were collected into sample bottles containing
buffer neutral 10% formalin for microscopic lesion characterization. From a total of 80 chicken
examined by postmortem 76 (95%) were infested with one or more types of helminth parasites.
Seven nematode parasites namely, Aucaria hamulosa, Ascaridia galli, Hetrakis.dispar, Hetrakis
gallinarum, Hetrakis isolenchae, Subulura brumpti, Allodapa sucturia and 6 cestode species
namely, Raillietina tetragona, Raillietina cesticillus, Raillietina echinobothrida, Hymenolepis
Carioca, Hymenolepis continana and Choenetenia infun were identified. The diference in isolation
rate was not significant between male and female (x2=0.278, P>0.05) and among age group
(x2=0.268, P> 0.05). The frequent gross lesions include necrosis and haemorrhages in gizard,very
soft feces containing much mucous exudate in the small intestine, tickened mucosal wall with
petechial haemorrhage and thick white pesty mucous in the lumen. Microscopic lesions revealed
degeneration and necrosis of epithelium and intestinal glands, infiltration of inflammatory cells
arround the parasite attachments in intestines, excessive tissue damage, hemorrhage, and necrosis in
the affected gizzard.The mean haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count and
packed cell volume were 11g/dl, 2.67x106/ul, 3.04 x103/ul, 30.3% respectively in naturally infected
chickens and 12g/dl, 3.5 x106/ul, 2.4 x103/ul, 36.3%, respectively in negative chicken.The mean
difference was statistically significant for total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, and packed
cell volume (P<0.05). Chickens with mixed parasites showed decreased levels of glucose and
increased in total protein and aspartate aminotransferase. Means diference for the single and mixed
infection was statistically significant for aspartate aminotransferase, total protein and glucose. It can
be concluded that gastrointestinal helminthes are one of major problems of local backyard chicken.
Description
MSc Thesis
Keywords
Bishoftu, Chicken, Gasterointestinal helminths