Survival Status and Predictors of Mortality among Adults with COVID -19 Attending Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021
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Date
2021-05
Authors
Atamenta Tegene
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) affect peoples throughout the globe and is becoming a serious
threat to the health and wellbeing of people. The disease has a higher transmission rate and a
greater risk of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess survival status and predictors
of mortality among adults with COVID -19 attending Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021. A retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 602 Adults with
COVID-19 attending Eka Kotebe General Hospital from March 13, 2020, to November 13,
2020. Patient charts were selected using a simple random sampling method. The data were
entered by Epi- data version 4.2 while analysis was carried out using STATA version-16. A
Kaplan Meier survivor curve was computed to estimate the survival probabilities. A Long-rank
test was used to compare the difference in survival curves between categories of covariates. Cox
proportional hazard models were fitted to identify predictors. Hazard ratio with a 95%
confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significant association. On
multivariable analysis, those variables having a p-value of ≤0.05 were considered statically
significant. In this study, out of 602 participants, a total of 514 Adults with COVID-19 were
censored and 87 have died with an incidence rate of 10.7 per 1000 person-day observations
(95%CI: 8.79, 13.38). The median survival time of adult COVID-19 patients was 21 days. Older
adults(≥65year) (AHR:2.22,95%CI:1.02,4.86), being Men (AHR:3.04,95%CI:1.61, 5.74),
shortness of breathing at admission (AHR:2.29,95%CI:1.16,4.54),comorbidity (AHR: 2.23,
95%CI:1.04, 4.80),Diabetes Mellitus (AHR 2.31,95%CI:1.30,4.08),cardiac disease (AHR: 2.07,
95%CI: 1.21, 3.43) and baseline White blood cell count of greater than 10 (103/µL) (AHR 2.62,
95%CI: 1.55, 4.44) were identified as independent predictors of COVID-19 mortality. A major
predictor of time to death of COVID -19 patients were found to be male sex, older adult (≥65
years), having shortness of breathing at admission, having at least one comorbidity, diabetes
Mellitus, Cardiac disease, and baseline White blood cell count of greater than 10(103/µL).
Therefore, concerned stakeholders should focus on the above-mentioned predictors of mortality
and design interventions accordingly to enhance the survival of COVID-19 patients.
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Keywords
Survival status, Predictors of mortality, COVID-19