Immunological and Lipid Profile Among Leprosy Patientsat Alert Centre, Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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Date
2016-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Leprosy is an old chronic infectious disease that continues to be an important
public health problem in several developing countries.Host immunologic factors contribute to the
clinical outcome in leprosy. This infection is also accompanied by several alterations in lipid
metabolism and changes inthesynthesis of a number of acute phase proteins.
Objective: To assess the immunological and lipid profile of leprosy patients across the disease
spectrum
Material and Methods: A crossectional study was conducted at ALERT center which included
30 leprosy patients and 21 healthy controls. An 8 ml of blood sample was collected from30
patients and 21 healthy controls and used for immunological and lipid profile assays. About
200μl of whole blood was stained with antibody conjugated flourochromes and data acquisition
was done on FACSCanto II flowcytometer. Lipid profile and C reactive protein tests have been
done using chemistry analyzer and qualitative test respectively. Mann-Whitney U test were used
to analyze Memory T cells and lipid profile analysis.
Result:The percentage of memory T cells (CD45RO+) expressed on CD3+ was significantly
higher in PB patients than MB patients. Activated T cells (CD62L-) expressed on CD4+ were
significantly higher in PB patients than in MB patients. MB patient’s CD3+ effector T cells were
significantly higher than the healthy controls. PB patients showed significantly higher CD3+,
CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory cells than MB patients. Regarding the lipid profile it showed
that, healthy control serum total cholesterol level was significantly higher than MB patients. On
the contrary serum HDL level was significantly higher in healthy control than MB patients.
Conclusion: This study provides further evidence that there is a significant difference in lipid
profile among leprosy spectrum. The percentage of both activated and memory T cells in MB
patients are significantly lower than in PB patients and this confirms the unresponsiveness of T
cells in MB patients regardless of the high bacterial load in these patients.
Recommendation:We recommend that monitoring and regulate the lipid homeostasis of leprosy
patients may be useful. We also recommend further study on host immune responses in leprosy
diseases in which lipid metabolism and inflammation intersect
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Keywords
Immunological, Lipid Profile