Immunological and Lipid Profile Among Leprosy Patientsat Alert Centre, Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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Date
2016-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Leprosy is an old chronic infectious disease that continues to be an importantpublic health problem in several developing countries.Host immunologic factors contribute to theclinical outcome in leprosy. This infection is also accompanied by several alterations in lipidmetabolism and changes inthesynthesis of a number of acute phase proteins.
Objective: To assess the immunological and lipid profile of leprosy patients across the diseasespectrum
Material and Methods: A crossectional study was conducted at ALERT center which included30 leprosy patients and 21 healthy controls. An 8 ml of blood sample was collected from30patients and 21 healthy controls and used for immunological and lipid profile assays. About200μl of whole blood was stained with antibody conjugated flourochromes and data acquisitionwas done on FACSCanto II flowcytometer. Lipid profile and C reactive protein tests have beendone using chemistry analyzer and qualitative test respectively. Mann-Whitney U test were usedto analyze Memory T cells and lipid profile analysis.
Result:The percentage of memory T cells (CD45RO+) expressed on CD3+ was significantlyhigher in PB patients than MB patients. Activated T cells (CD62L-) expressed on CD4+ weresignificantly higher in PB patients than in MB patients. MB patient’s CD3+ effector T cells weresignificantly higher than the healthy controls. PB patients showed significantly higher CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory cells than MB patients. Regarding the lipid profile it showedthat, healthy control serum total cholesterol level was significantly higher than MB patients. Onthe contrary serum HDL level was significantly higher in healthy control than MB patients.
Conclusion: This study provides further evidence that there is a significant difference in lipidprofile among leprosy spectrum. The percentage of both activated and memory T cells in MBpatients are significantly lower than in PB patients and this confirms the unresponsiveness of Tcells in MB patients regardless of the high bacterial load in these patients.
Recommendation:We recommend that monitoring and regulate the lipid homeostasis of leprosypatients may be useful. We also recommend further study on host immune responses in leprosydiseases in which lipid metabolism and inflammation intersect
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Immunological