Outbreak Investigation, Virus Isolation, and Molecular Detection of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) in Selected Areas of East Shewa Zone, Ethiopia
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Date
2012-06-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The study was undertaken to investigate outbreaks of lumpy skin disease (LSD), isolate and
identify LSDV at molecular level, to asses the economic significance of lumpy skin disease in the
study area, and to asses the protection of the vaccine for lumpy skin disease given at field
condition. The study was conducted from September 20 II-April 2012 in selected areas of eastern
Shewa. LSD Outbreaks were reported from 4 different areas of Eastern Shewa; Adama (5
intensive fattening farms), Wenji (4 intensive fattening farms), Mojo (small holders) and
Welenchit (small holders). In total 2174 local Zebu breed cattle, the majority composed of males
(98.8%), were visited and clinically diagnosed. From the total of visited cattle 296 (13.78%),108
(5.03%) and I (3.84%) morbidity, mortality and abortion rates were recorded respectively.
Analysis of the outbreak statistics revealed a relatively consistent morbidity rate with highest
value in Adam a (15.67%) followed by Wenji (10.26%), Wolenchit (8.8%), and Mojo (7.0 I %)
was recorded respectivly. Highest mortality rate was observed in Adama (5.99%) followed by
Wenji (3.42%), Welenchit (2.4%) and Mojo (0%) respectively. Isolation and identification of the
agent was conducted based on cell culture and PCR results. LSDV genome was extracted and
identified in all 22 skin nodules by PCR. Furthermore, LSD causes a great economic loss in the
study area. Questionnaire survey based assessment on protection of the vaccine showed that the
current vaccine (KSGPV) lIsed in the area was not protective and high percentage of morbidity
(15.1%) and mortality (5.37%) rates were reported among vaccinated animals but efficacy test of
the vaccine under laboratory protocol in six seronegative calves showed that the vaccine was
immunologically protective
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Keywords
Cattle, Outbreak, LSD, LSDV, Eastern Shewa, vaccine efficacy