Association between multimorbidity and blood glucose control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at selected Health Centers, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024: Unmatched case-control study
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Date
2024-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background- Uncontrolled blood glucose level is an important public health concern due to the
development of diabetic-related complications and death. Multi-morbidity is considerably more
common in type 2 diabetes patients, and it can have a substantial effect on blood glucose control.
However, despite a high prevalence of multimorbidity reported in Addis Ababa, its association
with blood glucose control was not well studied in this study area.
Objective- To assess the association between multi-morbidity and blood glucose control among
adult type 2 diabetes patients at selected health centers, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024.
Methods- A facility-based unmatched case-control study was carried out from February 12 to
March 31, 2024, using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires and medical records.
A multi-stage sampling method was employed in the selection of study participants. Data were
collected using KoboToolbox and exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science version
26.0 for analysis. Bivariable and Multi-variable logistic regressions were utilized to determine
the association between multi-morbidity and blood glucose control and other determinant factors
associated with uncontrolled blood glucose.
Results- The response rate of the study participants was 98%. From the participants, 148(43.3%)
had multi-morbidity, of which 92 (80.7%) had uncontrolled blood glucose control. The presence
of multi-morbidity (AOR: 6.52, CI: 2.92-14.54) was significantly associated with uncontrolled
blood glucose levels. Moreover, medication non-adherence (AOR: 2.42, CI: 1.03-5.71), using
oral hypoglycemic agent alone (AOR: 0.11, CI: 0.01-0.82), having polypharmacy (AOR: 0.03,
CI: 0.01-0.16), dietary non-compliance (AOR: 4.44, CI: 1.8-10.94) and alcohol consumption
(AOR: 3.63, CI: 1.36-9.69) were determinants of uncontrolled blood glucose level.
Conclusion: This study showed that significant number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
failed to control their blood glucose levels due to additional non-communicable chronic diseases
they had. Therefore, need to consider comprehensive patient-centered approaches that take into
account the complex care needs of those patients living with multi-morbidity.
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Keywords
Multi-morbidity, Diabetes Mellitus, blood glucose control, Addis Ababa.