Correlation Between Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels and Histopathological Pattern of Prostate Lesions at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A Five-Year Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
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Date
2024-01-05
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: Prostate cancer is a major health concern in males, emphasizing the need for early detection and precise diagnosis. Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a crucial biomarker for assessing prostate health. Elevated PSA levels may signal potential abnormalities, prompting further diagnostic evaluation. This study aims to correlate Serum PSA Levels with histopathological patterns of prostatic lesions, enhancing diagnostic precision for early identification of malignancies.
Objectives: This study aims to assess correlation between Serum PSA Levels and histopathological Pattern of Prostatic Lesions. Methodology: Institution-based Retrospective Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Pathology Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) to review all the prostate biopsy histopathology reports and their corresponding serum PSA level laboratory result. Data was retrieved from the archive of department of pathology and hospital i-care system that were seen at TASH from year January 2019 to December 2023 G.C.
Result: Benign prostatic hyperplasia/Prostatic nodular hyperplasia (BPH) emerged as the predominant lesion in our study, constituting 78.9% (340) of cases, followed by adenocarcinoma at 20%(86) and, intraepithelial proliferative lesions was identified in 1.2%(5) of cases. Within the subset of BPH, 9.1% (31/340) showed concomitant prostatitis. Mean age was 65.5±9.1years for BPH cases and 68.98±9.2 for adenocarcinoma cases. Serum PSA levels were above 4ng/ml in 65.3% of BPH cases and 97.7% of adenocarcinoma cases. Mean PSA values were 8.5±8.9 ng/ml for BPH and 84.7±61.5 ng/ml for adenocarcinoma cases.
Conclusion: On statistical analysis serum PSA is found to be a sensitive and early marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. With a cut off value of 4ng/ml sensitivity was found to be 97.7% and specificity was 34.7%. A correlation is found between elevated PSA values and advancing age, and prostatic adenocarcinoma (p-value
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Histopathological Pattern of Prostate Lesions