Magnitude and associated factors of Intraventricular Hemorrhage among preterm neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Addis Ababa public hospitals in, Ethiopia, 2023 cross sectional study.
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Date
2023
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage is one of the most severe brain injuries in preterm
neonates, especially in VLBW and ELBW, and is associated with some perinatal risk factors,
such as antepartum hemorrhage, urogenital tract infections, chorioamnionitis, and some neonatal
risks, such as mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure, intubation, asphyxia,
respiratory distress, sepsis, and thrombosis. Objective: To assess the magnitude of
Intraventricular hemorrhage and associated factors among preterm neonates admitted to the
neonatal intensive care unit of public hospitals in Addis Ababa in 2023.Method: An institution-
based cross-sectional study was carried out. The final sample size was 381 preterm neonates
admitted to selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa from February 27 to March 27, 2023. The
study was conducted in five randomly selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Data was
collected using a pretested data extraction tool (Kobo) chart reviewed by the data collector. The
collected data was exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Descriptive statistics to describe the
variables were conducted for bi-variable logistic regression and multi-variable logistic regression
analysis. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 in the multivariate analysis (final model) were
considered significantly associated. The tables, figures, and graphs were used to present the
findings. Result: The magnitude of Intraventricular hemorrhage was reported in 93 (25%), with
37.6% of patients having grade II, which was the most frequent, followed by severe grade III
(24.7%), grade IV (20.4%), and grade I (17.2%), which was the least prevalent. Our study found
that very low birth weight (AOR: 7.45; 95% CI: 2.12, 26.21), hypothermia (AOR: 2.53, 95% CI:
1.36, 4.47), Thrombocytopenia (4.03, 95% CI: 1.73, 9.40), and blood transfusion (AOR: 2.85;
95% CI: 1.18, 6.90) were independent factors for Intraventricular hemorrhage. Conclusion and
recommendation: The magnitudes of Intraventricular hemorrhage were low compared to reports
of other studies in Africa and globally, while the severity of Intraventricular hemorrhage was
relatively high. Therefore, a further large-scale study with the same title is required to understand
factors associated with Intraventricular hemorrhage among preterm neonates.
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Keywords
Preterm, Intraventricular hemorrhage, risk factors, retrospective, public hospitals, analysis.