Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction and Associated Factors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus having Follow up at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital Endocrine Clinic ,Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2021-11
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Erectile dysfunction one of the earliest among the chronic complications of
diabetes mellitus is increasing. The worldwide prevalence varies from 35-90%. In Ethiopia
there were few studies done on prevalence of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes and the
result varies from 48.7% to 85.5%. In Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital Endocrine Clinic there
was only one study which was done in 1998 which showed 48.7% of men with diabetes were
affected by erectile dysfunction. Since the last 24 years a lot has been changed in terms of
socioeconomic status, life expectancy and prevalence of chronic illnesses including the
proportion of type of diabetes, prevalence of other associated risk factors like smoking and ways
of living. Hence, our study was conducted to seal this opening and assessed the up-to-date
prevalence and related factors of erectile dysfunction.
Objectives: The goal of our study was to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and
associated factors among diabetic men attending Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Endocrine
clinic in the study period.
Methods: An institution based cross-sectional quantitative study of data collected from June
2021 to August 2021 from 269 men with diabetes mellitus who had a regular follow up at
endocrine clinic, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Face to face interview method was
employed using a preset questionnaire for data collection & by reviewing their electronic
medical records. The questionnaire included demographic information, lifestyle habits, medical
conditions, the IIEF-5 Questionnaire and acceptance and treatment seeking rate for ED. Data was
entered in to SPSS version 25. Median, mode & mean ±SD, minimum & maximum were used to
summarize continuous variables. Categorical variables were summarized by frequency and
percentages. Associations were done by chi-square test for categorical variables and by using
ONE WAY ANOVA for continuous outcome variables. Strength of the association was
determined by binary & multinominal logistic regression using odds ratio with 95% confidence
interval and P values less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Result: In this study the mean age of respondents was 54.45 ± 13.19. Majority (78.8%) were
married & nearly half of them (43.5%) had attended college education or above. The mean
duration of diabetes was 12.89 ± 8.98 years. Among a total of 269 respondents 243(90.3%) had
varying degree of erectile dysfunction. Of those with ED 11.1% had mild, 44.9% mild to
moderate, 23.5% moderate & 20.6% severe form of ED. Statistically significant association was
seen in longer duration of diabetes, diabetes related microvascular complications, being on
insulin therapy, having comorbid illnesses & drugs other than for diabetes. Majority of the study
participants had never discussed about ED with their treating physicians (82.2%).
Conclusion: The prevalence of erectile dysfunction has almost doubled from the previously
reported in 1998. This study revealed duration of diabetes, microvascular complications, insulin
therapy with or without oral agents, comorbid conditions &drugs other than for diabetes were
associated with ED having statistical significance. ED should be given attention & healthcare
providers should be proactive in assessing the problem.
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Keywords
Erectile dysfunction,Diabetes mellitus