Pediatrics and Child Health

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Browsing Pediatrics and Child Health by Subject "Addis Ababa"

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    Male involvement in child care and associated factors, among fathers of under two children in Addis Ababa city administration, Ethiopia, 2023.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-05) Melke,Mekuannt; Abera,Habtamu(Ass.Prof.); Workineh,Sosina
    Background: Male plays a critical role in providing support in improving child health. There are few studies on male partner’s involvement and its measurement in child health care; therefore, this paper explores the level of male partner’s involvement in child care and associated factors in the study area. Objective: The main aim of the study was to assess male partners’ involvement in child care and the contributing factors among fathers who have children less than two year of age Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023. Methods: Community based cross sectional study design was employed from April5-25/2023. The study subject was selected using multi-stage sampling method. The total sample was determined by using single population proportion method with sample size of 633. Data was collected by Kobo tool and exported SPSS version 26 for analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess relation between independent variables with outcome variable at significance level of P<0.05 and association of variable will be tested by using 95% confidence interval (C.I) and Crude and adjusted odds ratio. Result: The response rate was 94.8% while the study found that 42% of participants were in 35- 39 age groups. The mean ages of the respondents were 37.44 years (±SD 5.43) years. Among the participants 284(47.3%) of respondents involved on infant and young child care and 54.8% and 45.2% of the participants had good and poor knowledge respectively. Half of the respondents, 306 (51.0%) had good attitude toward infant and young child care. Knowledge and attitude of participants were significantly associated with male involvement in infant and young child care [AOR: 3.10, 95% CI ;( 2.01-4.79) and (AOR: 15.24, 95% CI;(9.85-23.57)) with p-value
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    Prevalence of early onset neonatal sepsis in term prolonged rupture of membrane, associated factors and management practice in Tikur Anbessa Specialized and Ghandi Memorial Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia:Institution Based Prospective Cross-Sectioal Study.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-02) Sechiw,Mandefro; Demtse,Asrat(Dr.)
    Background: Generally newborn babies are at higher risk of infection because of their weak immune systems related to their age. According to the World Health Organization, approximately four million neonates die annually with a global neonatal mortality rate of 23/1,000 live births . About a million of these deaths are attributable to neonatal infection. Prolonged rupture of membrane is one of the risk factors for EONS and it is more common in term pregnancy. However there was no study in Ethiopia about its association of EONS in term neonates. Objective: The overall aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of EONS in term prolonged rupture of membrane and associated factors at TASH and Gandhi memorial hospital Methods: Institutional based prospective cross sectional study was conducted among 319 selected newborns who were evaluated at TASH and Gandhi memorial hospital from August 1st 2023 to January 30th 2024 .Data was collected from patient history, physical examination, laboratory results and from chart review through a structured questionnaire. Data was compiled and analyzed using software Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 26. Descriptive statistics were performed using frequency, mean and standard deviation. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were done to identify risk factors of EONS .Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval at a p-value<0.05 was declared as statistically significant. Result: About 278/ 319 (87%) of the mother were between the age of 20 to 35 years. Around 2/3 (76%) of mothers gave birth vaginally and in about 67 (21%) of cases C/S was done. Labor was spontaneous in about 88%. Most mothers 292(91.5%) delivered at hospital. Duration of labor was less than 20 hours in about 89% of cases. Most of the mothers (93%) took antibiotics for more than 04 hours before delivery. More than ½(58.6%) of newborns were male and 97% had normal birth weight. The prevalence of EONS was 32/319(10%). Tachypnea was the most common (87.5%) sign of sepsis. Around 2/3 (78%) of cases developed clinical manifestation with in the first 24 hours of life. Maternal fever (p value < 0.05 AOR, 73). Newborns with duration of ROM <24 hours was 87 %( 0.13(0.02, 0.80) less septic as compared to duration of ROM more than 72 hours. Conclusion: Maternal fever, prolonged duration of rupture of membrane and no maternal antibiotics administration was associated with early onset sepsis.so proper advice about rupture of membrane during ANC follow up and early prophylactic antibiotics admirations recommended.