Epidemiology

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Browsing Epidemiology by Subject "blood glucose control"

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    Association between multimorbidity and blood glucose control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at selected Health Centers, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024: Unmatched case-control study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Tegen,Ephrata; Ali,Ahmed (PhD); Seid, Yimer(MPH, PhDc)
    Background- Uncontrolled blood glucose level is an important public health concern due to the development of diabetic-related complications and death. Multi-morbidity is considerably more common in type 2 diabetes patients, and it can have a substantial effect on blood glucose control. However, despite a high prevalence of multimorbidity reported in Addis Ababa, its association with blood glucose control was not well studied in this study area. Objective- To assess the association between multi-morbidity and blood glucose control among adult type 2 diabetes patients at selected health centers, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024. Methods- A facility-based unmatched case-control study was carried out from February 12 to March 31, 2024, using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires and medical records. A multi-stage sampling method was employed in the selection of study participants. Data were collected using KoboToolbox and exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science version 26.0 for analysis. Bivariable and Multi-variable logistic regressions were utilized to determine the association between multi-morbidity and blood glucose control and other determinant factors associated with uncontrolled blood glucose. Results- The response rate of the study participants was 98%. From the participants, 148(43.3%) had multi-morbidity, of which 92 (80.7%) had uncontrolled blood glucose control. The presence of multi-morbidity (AOR: 6.52, CI: 2.92-14.54) was significantly associated with uncontrolled blood glucose levels. Moreover, medication non-adherence (AOR: 2.42, CI: 1.03-5.71), using oral hypoglycemic agent alone (AOR: 0.11, CI: 0.01-0.82), having polypharmacy (AOR: 0.03, CI: 0.01-0.16), dietary non-compliance (AOR: 4.44, CI: 1.8-10.94) and alcohol consumption (AOR: 3.63, CI: 1.36-9.69) were determinants of uncontrolled blood glucose level. Conclusion: This study showed that significant number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus failed to control their blood glucose levels due to additional non-communicable chronic diseases they had. Therefore, need to consider comprehensive patient-centered approaches that take into account the complex care needs of those patients living with multi-morbidity.
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    Examining the Association between diabetic health literacy and blood glucose control among Patients with Diabetes at Public Health Facilities in Bishoftu Town, Oromia, Ethiopia 2023/2024: Unmatched Case-Control Study.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Asmelash,Lidya; Deyess,Negussie( (MD, PhD); Seid ,Yimer (BSc, MPH, PhD Candidate)
    Background: Uncontrolled blood glucose levels in most diabetes patients result from poor diabetes health literacy and are linked with significant mortality and morbidity. Diabetes patients with poor diabetic health literacy may have inadequate glycemic control likely to experience complications from the disease. However, insufficient studies support such a hypothesis in most low-income countries. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to investigate the link between diabetic health literacy and blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. Methods: A health facility-based case-control study was carried out in Bishoftu town, involving all individuals diagnosed with DM who began follow-up. Cases included diabetic patients with uncontrolled blood glucose, while controls consisted of diabetic patients with controlled blood glucose. The sample size was determined using Epi-Info, comprising 94 cases and 276 controls. A structured, interview-administered questionnaire was utilized to gather data. The data analysis was conducted using STATA version 17. Descriptive analysis was conducted using simple frequencies and cross-tabulations to examine sociodemographic characteristics and other independent variables. Bivariate data analysis checked the correlation between diabetic health literacy and other independent variables against blood glucose level. Moreover, a multivariable analysis using binary logistic regression was conducted to identify independent predictors of blood glucose levels. Results: In this study, average age (SD) to the cases and the controls were 48 (17.2) and 47 (17.3), respectively. Diabetic patients with uncontrolled blood glucose levels were 4.7 times more likely to have an impact on low health literacy than patients with controlled blood glucose levels (AOR = 4.7, 95%CI: 2.16, 10.24) and 2.9 times more likely to have an impact on moderate health literacy than patients with controlled blood glucose levels (AOR = 2.9, 95%CI: 1.37, 6.02), Patients who exercised physically (AOR= 0.41, 95%CI: 0.21, 0.78), good treatment adherence (AOR= 0.44, 95%CI: 0.22, 0.87) were statistically significant factor with uncontrolled blood glucose level. Conclusion: The study conducted on the link among health literacy of diabetes and blood glucose control levels among diabetic patients was identified several factors such as low and moderate diabetic health literacy older age, engagement in physical activities and good adherence to treatment were associated with achieving the target of blood glucose level control.