Epidemiology

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Browsing Epidemiology by Subject "Epidemiology"

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    Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (EFELTP)
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-05) Negash, Gebrekristos; Hailemariam, Zegeye ((MPH, DVM, MTVM)
    Background: Measles is a highly infectious virus transmitted through contact with fluids from an infected person's respiratory secretions. Measles causes high morbidity and mortality particularly in developing countries. An average of 10-15 measles cases per year were reported in western and north western zone of Tigray region during the previous 4 years. We investigated an occurrence of extended measles transmission in a remote area to confirm the existence of outbreak, identify the etiologic agent and provide guidance on prevention and control measures. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted and case definition for measles was applied, a suspected measles case was defined as any person with fever and maculopapular rash, and cough,conjunctivitis, or coyrza or a patient diagnosed with measles by a clinician. From January 28- 31,2011 attempts were made to identify all cases by collecting a line list of cases from health facilities in the affected zones and data was analyzed by MS-Excel. Blood specimens from 5 suspected cases were collected in December 2010. Result: From October 2010 to January, 2011 a total of 408 clinically suspected cases and 16 deaths were reported. The case fatality rate was 4%. The median age of suspected cases was 18.3 years (range 3 months-36 years) and 228 (56%) cases were ≥ 15 years of age. Three quarters(75%) of cases were male. The majority of cases, 352 (88%), were unvaccinated or had unknown vaccination status. The attack rate of 10/10,000 was highest in the western zone where 379 (93%) cases were reported. In the North western zone there were 29 (7.1%) cases with an attack rate of 2/10,000. Of the 5 blood specimens collected for testing 3 (60%) were positive for measles specific IgM. Conclusion and recommendation: A laboratory confirmed outbreak of measles occurred over a period of 5 months in primarily affecting those ≥15 years of age. The older age of those affected in this outbreak combined with low levels of measles immunization suggests that both routine and supplementary immunization activities need strengthening Immunization campaigns may need to include older ages groups to improve herd immunity.
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    Compiled body of work in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Diriba, Dereje; Enkusselassie, Fikre(Prof.); Gizaw, Muluken
    Despite many intervention activities undertaking preventable communicable diseases are remain a public health problem globally. The Ethiopian government policy is more emphasis on prevention measures of communicable and non-communicable diseases. Also many strategies and programs were set to enhance disease prevention activities. Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program that adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) is one of the programs focusing on capacity building public health practitioners. The training enables trainers to conduct disease surveillance and implement prevention and control measures of prioritized diseases. I stayed from November 2017 to June 2019 in Addis Ababa university school of public health field Epidemiology training program and at Addis Ababa City administration Health Bureau field Base. During my stay, I carried out two outbreak investigations, surveillance data analysis, surveillance system evaluation, district health profile description, submission of one abstracts, one scientific manuscript for peer reviewed journals, one narrative summary of disaster management, and one epidemiological research proposal during my stay. We investigated two outbreaks (Measles and Relapsing fever) during field base residency. There was measles outbreak in Jeldu Woreda of west Shoa zone, Oromia region that we had investigated in February 2019. During this outbreak, a total of 179 measles cases and 2 deaths were reported from January 2019 to March 2019. Low measles vaccination, poor ventilation, malnutrition and weak community’s awareness were attributed for measles in the Woreda. We recommend, strengthen routine and supplemental immunization programs, good cold chain management system and increase community awareness on measles prevention and control measures. Descriptive and analytical epidemiology methods were used to describe magnitude of the diseases and identify risk factors associated with diseases. In addition a total of 33 and 14 confirmed RF cases were reported from Woreda three of Bole sub City, Addis Ababa City administration health bureau in 2018. We identified that mass sleeping ,no changing cloth at night , no taking bath at least once every two week ,no washing cloth at least once every two week and having contact history with ill LBRF person for RF outbreak in the Woreda. We recommend to organize meeting session with representative of all sectors including the sub City administrators to discuss the way how to minimize mass sleeping houses and solutions for homeless people. Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 2019 AAU/SPH Dereje .D EFETP/2019 Increase awareness through continuous health information for street’s or homeless people. Homeless people must wash cloths and take bath at least once every week. Homeless people must change their cloth at night and stack holder help cloth and close supportive supervision by sub City health office. I conducted typhoid fever surveillance data analysis at Addis ketema sub city health office, the analysis was indicate low water and sanitation coverage and I conducted surveillance system evaluation at Addis ketema sub city health office , surveillance of selected diseases ( measles ) was assessed. The system was satisfactory at sub City level; whereas not satisfactory at 1, 4, 5 Woredas. Poor data management, infrequent supportive supervision, absence of well-organized feedback, poor utilization of manuals and guidelines were contributed for unsatisfactory of the system at the Woreda level. Health profile description was carried in Woreda nine of Addis ketema sub City , Addis Ababa health Bureau from Janua ry 22-March 23/2018. Low community awareness and low coverage of latrine and Poor waste management in the Woreda. I prepared scientific manuscript for peer reviewed journals on typhoid fever data analysis in Addis ketema sub City health office ,Addis Ababa ,Ethiopia ,2013-2017. One abstracts were done for scientific conference submission; Measles outbreak Investigation and Intervention in Jeldu Woreda of west shoa zone ,oromia ,ethiopia, 2019. Narrative disaster management was conducted in selected Woredas of (Hudet, Moyale and Mubarek) in Dawa zone in Ethio Somali region during 2018 to identify humanitarian needs following emergency occurrence. Malnutrition is anticipated to be a major public health concern in Dawa zone. We identified shortage of drugs and medical equipment at both zonal level and all Woreda of these zones. Epidemiological research project proposal on assessment of latrine utilization and factors associated with latrine utilization in Woreda nine of Addis ketema sub City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019 was prepared. Descriptive cross-sectional study will be used for this study in Woreda nine. A total of population Woreda nine 35,636, HH 7424 and 422 sample households with latrine will be included in the study. The overall activities of study will be expected to finish in three month (June -September), 2019. The total estimated budget required for the study is 73,321.5 ETH Birr. I prepared weekly bulletin on PHEM report of Addis ketema sub City health office for WHO Epidemiologic week 9 of 2018. The health facilities report completeness for that week was 98% and above the expected national level (80%). Dysentery cases and epidemic typhus cases were kept increasing during week 9 of 2018
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    Compiled Body of Work in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Amene, Kefyalew; Girmay, Abiy(Phd); Wondmagegnehu, Abigiya( PhD. fellow); Bancha, Misgana (MPH)
    This document contains a two years field epidemiology training program outputs to be submitted to Addis Ababa University, School of Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine for partial fulfillment of master's degree in Field Epidemiology. This document is organized by classifying in to seven chapters. These seven chapters are outbreak investigation one, outbreak investigation two, surveillance data analysis, surveillance system evaluation, narrative summary of disaster situation visited, health profile description projectand epi-project thesis proposal. Chapter one contains report of first outbreak investigation. The outbreak was rubella outbreak at General Tadesse Biru Primary School, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2018. Unmatched case-control study was conducted to investigate the outbreak in which I was leading the investigation. Chapter two is about outbreak investigation two. This outbreak was suspected chickenpox outbreak, which was occurred in Aleltu Soldier Training Center, North Shewa Zone of Oromia region. Unmatched case-control study was conducted to investigate this suspected outbreak and I was the leading this investigation. Chapter three is about analysis of five years (2013-2017) malnutrition surveillance data of Addis Ababa City Administration. A retrospective record review data analysis was conducted. Cases and deaths were described epidemiologically and trend of cases was also seen. Incidence rate of malnutrition and trend of cases through time was determined. Chapter four addresses MDSR surveillance system evaluation in Addis Ababa City Administration, Ethiopia, 2018. It describes the status of the system in the city administration towards meeting its establishment objectives. System attributes including simplicity, flexibility,usefulness, stability, acceptability, representativeness, timeliness, data quality, sensitivity, cost and predictive value positive were described in regard to MDSR system. Chapter five presents a narrative summary of disaster situation visited. The disaster situation was about Internally Displaced Populations (IDPs), which was happened in Kochere and Yirga chefe woredas found in Gedeo zone of SNNP region, Ethiopia due to Ethnic based border conflict between SNNP and Oromia regions. Chapter six contains health profile description of woreda 05 of Nefas silk sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2018. Health and health related information were presented, which can be used for evidence based planning and effective utilization of limited resources. These data can be used to identify risk factors and prioritize public health problems to take appropriate interventions. The last chapter (chapter seven) contains the epi-project proposal. The epi-project proposal was developed to assess predisposing factors of undernutrition in Addis Ababa city administration 2019. Unmatched case-control study will be conducted to identify the predisposing risk factors of undernutrition in the city administration.
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    Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-04) Tesfaye, Neamin; Belachew, Ayele(MD, MPH); Ayele, Wondimu( Ph.D. fellow); Assamaw, Negga(Ph.D. fellow)
    This document contains two years Field Epidemiology Training Program outputs, to be submitted to the school of public health for the fulfilment of the master’s degree in Field Epidemiology. This Compiled Body of Work has nine chapters and eight annexes. Reports of diseases outbreak investigations, public health surveillance data analysis, surveillance system evaluation, narrative summary of disaster situation report, manuscript and abstracts as well epidemiological project proposal with that additional output is incorporated within the nine chapters
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    Ethiopia Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (EFELTP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Shimels, Kalkidan; Adisie, Adamu(Dr.); Abunna, Fufa(Dr.)
    This document contains a two year output of Field Epidemiology Training Program that has to be submitted to Addis Ababa University, graduate school of public health for the finaaccomplishment of master degree in Field Epidemiology. The majority of the program (75%)contains field works that known as residency. This document includes the two year outputs including diseases outbreak investigations, public health surveillance data analysis, surveillance system evaluation, health profile description report, narrative summary of disaster situation report, scientific manuscript and abstracts. During my residency I have tried to work my best in both office works as well as field works. The two years activities are summarized and presented by one document in eight chapters. The first chapter consists of two outbreak investigations which aresuspected scabies outbreak investigation which is conducted in Humbo district of Welayta zone SNNPR from 10November to 20November, 2018 and malaria outbreak investigation conducted in Areka town administration in Welayta zone, SNNPR from May 11 to 20, 2019. The second chapter is five years (2013-2017) human and animal anthrax data analysis report in SNNPRS. Surveillance system Evaluation which is found in the 3rd chapter was conducted in Hawella Tulla sub city of Hawassa city administration from March 05 – March 11/2019.The fourth Chapter contains Health profile description report which is conducted in Wensho District of Sidama zone SNNPR from February 5 up to February 15, 2018. One manuscript was prepared for peer reviewed journals and two abstracts were prepared. Meher Season Emergency Health and Nutrition needs assessment was conducted in GURAGIE and SILTE zones SNNPREthiopia, in December 2018 together with other relevant sectors and partners.The final output was protocol/proposal for epidemiologic research project with a title of assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices towards scabies prevention and control strategies- Humbo district, Welayta zone SNNPR region, EthiopiaApril, 2019. In addition, I was participated in weekly Emergency health and nutrition response activities and in all PHEM activities of the region as the program expectation.
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    Ethiopia Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (EFLTP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Tilahun, Habtamu; Taye, Girma(Ph.D); Firdu, Naod (MD,MPH)
    This document contains a two years Field Epidemiology Training Program outputs which is equivalent with thesis to be submitted to graduate School of Public Health for fulfillment of masters degree in Field Epidemiology. It includes reports of diseases outbreak investigations,public health surveillance data analysis, surveillance system evaluation, narrative summary of disaster situation report, manuscript, abstracts, and training reports. Chapter One: Contains disease outbreak investigations. I have conducted two outbreak investigations. The first outbreak investigation was conducted using unmatched case control study design. The investigation report contains abstract, introduction, methods, discussions,conclusion, recommendations and references separately. The second outbreak investigation was conducted on suspected Chicken pox outbreak in Yirga chefe town. It is descriptive outbreak investigation and response among two internally displaced population sites. It conatains introduction, objective, methods, results, discussion, conclusion, recommendations and references separately. Chapter Two: contains report of surveillance data analysis which was conducted on Analysis of Influenza of five years. Five years data (2013 to 2017) was used in the analysis. The objective of this study was to describe Influenza like illness cases distribution by person, place, and time to recommend possible solutions based on the findings. Chapter Three: Addresses Malaria surveillance system evaluation in Bahir dar zuria district of Amhara regional state. This chapter clearly presents the purpose and objectives of the malaria surveillance and its progress towards achieving its objectives. The surveillance system attributes: simplicity, flexibility, stability, acceptability, representativeness, timeliness, data quality, and sensitivity were also assessed in this chapter. Chapter Four: Contains report of assessment of Health Profile data description of Burie zuria district in West Gojjam zone of Amhara regional state. In this chapter health and health related data of the woreda were evidently presented which is indicative for prioritizing public health problems in the woreda. Chapter Five: Contains Scientific Manuscript for Peer reviewed Journals. It’s on five years surveillance data of Infeluenza in shiro meda health center sentinel site. Chapter Six: Contains the abstract on Influenza surveillance data in Shiro meda health center sentinel site from year 2013 to 2017, abstract on outbreak investigation of Measles in Dgehabour city of Somali region in March 2019 and outbrak investigation of suspected chicken pox in Yirga chefe town in August 2018. Chapter Seven: Contains the disaster situation report of Gedeo zone in SNNP region. It describes the disaster situation of internally displaced Population from East and West Guji zones of Oromia regional state. It has its own introduction, objective, method, result, discussion and recommendations separately. Chapter Eight: Contains the project proposal to conduct an assessment on Knowledge, Attitude and practice towards use of Insecticide treated bednets in Burie zuria district of west gojjam zone of Amhara regional stae. It has separate introduction, objectives, and methods. Chapter Nine: Contains the training report of Rapid response team (RRT) in four woredas of Gedeo zone of SNNP region in August 2018.
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    Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFELTP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology By: Natnael Teferi Dejene
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Teferi, Natnael; Deyessa, Negussie(Dr.); Taye, Girma(Dr.)
    Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP) program in field epidemiology adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) program and designed to assist the Ministry of Health in building or strengthening health systems and improve leadership within Public Health Emergency Management. The EFELTP provides residents a Master of Public Health in Field Epidemiology after complete two years ofsupervised work in applied or field epidemiology. The program has two main components:Classroom-teaching component (25%) and practical attachment or field placement component(75%). The role of public health practitioners includes ensuring effective health promotion, disease prevention and control activities by conducting surveillance on emerging public health threats and providing continues information to policy makers and public health officials.From October, 2017 to up today, I have stayed in Field Epidemiology Training Program, School of Public Health-AAU and at both EPHI and Oromia Regional Health Bureau field base. I learned a lot of public health activities during my stay. This document is compiled body of works accomplished during the two years stay at field base of the field epidemiology training program in Addis Ababa University- School of Public Health. Chapter I: We conducted two epidemiological investigation of outbreak (Malaria and Measles). We used both descriptive and Analytical epidemiology for both outbreaks to describe the pattern and magnitude of the diseases and identify associated risk factors with the outbreak. A total of 348 confirmed malaria cases with no death was identified during February to March 2018 in Darimu Woreda of Iluababora zone, Oromia region. We identify Presence of mosquito’s vector/breeding sites, unprotected dam for irrigation, and similar sick patient in the house hold as independent risk factors for malaria outbreak in the woreda. Poor in detection, notification of the outbreak and implementation of larva control measures are a toll for this outbreak. we recommend strengthen malaria surveillance system, identifying potential vector breeding site, Proactive vector control,redistribution of the ITN prior to malaria season and address utilization gaps on bed net through healtheducation. Measles outbreak in Liben woreda of Guji zone, Oromia region. we investigate from December 12 to 20, 2018. A total of 15 measles cases were identified and 3/5 tested were confirmed by measles specific IgM antibody test. Traveling history to adjacent Woreda, presence of measles cases in the house and being unvaccinated are found to be independent risk factor for this outbreak. Religious exemption is identified as major factor for being not vaccinated, which is opposed the>100% vaccine coverage report of the woreda. Target measles vaccination with vitamin A supplementation amongst under five, Suspension of public collection from suspected measles cases rumour reported, health education on religious area, strengthen cold chain management and furthers study on vaccine acceptance and associated factor with sufficient sample size were recomended. Chapter II: We conduct Five-year (2013-2017) malaria data analysis at south west shoa zone and describe by person, place and time. Malaria cases in the zone were decreased by 80.5 percent by 2017 compared to the baseline year of 2013. The zone was in line with achieve high level National malaria strategy plan. Burden of malaria cases was still high among three Woredas. Peak malaria case between September and December. We recommend ITN’s distribution and IRS for respective high malaria endemic woreda and scale up of malaria prevention and control intervention prior to the respective period and harmonizing HMIS and PHEM system at all reporting level in order to generating reliable and quality data. Chapter III: We conducted Evaluation of surveillance system from February 01-18, 2019 in Bale zone. (N=43): Measles surveillance was selected and assessed. The system in place found to be simple, flexible and stable in operating well without interruption and helpful in case detection but not useful (fail) to meet objectives of surveillance for action and low in representativeness andacceptable. We recommend widen the surveillance chain among private health facilities, upgrading data management to electronic at all level. Chapter IV: We conducted description of Health profile in Gindeberet Woreda, West Shoa Zone, Oromia region February 10 to 30, 2018. we found Acute febrile illness, pneumonia and acute upper respiratory tract infection were leading causes of adult morbidity and very low TB and HIV case detection. We recommend, targeted HIV counseling and testing. Chapter V: We prepared scientific manuscript for peer reviewed journals on Malaria outbreak investigation in Darimu woreda, Iluababora Zone 2018. The manuscript was prepared according to Ethiopian journal of health development authors guideline. Chapter VI: We prepared two abstracts for submission to scientific conference: - 1. Measles Outbreak Investigation in pocket area of Liben Woreda, Guji Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia- December, 2018. 2. Malaria Outbreak Investigation Darimu Woreda of Iluababora Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, March 2018. Chapter VII: We conduct Narrative Summary of Disaster situation report (Meher Assessment) at three Zone of Agro pastoral zone of Oromia Region (Guji, West Guji and Borana) from November 22 to December 12, 2019. There were increased malnutrition case, because of double burden effect of high influx of IDPs and drought in all accessed zones. With this junction, there is emergency nutrition intervention/supply stock out in West Guji and Borana Zone. We recommended the RHB and FMOH should fill the gaps/shortage of nutrition supplies, emergency drug and ensure capacity for timely response. Chapter VIII: Epidemiological research project was prepared on ITNS Utilization and associated factors among settler’s population in Darimu woreda of Iluababora Zone, Oromia Region 2019. Community based cross sectional study will be conducted from April to May/2019. Multi-stage sampling technique will be used to get study subjects. Sample size will be determined by using Epi info by using 80% ITNs utilization from pervious study. Total 541 house hold will be assessed in this study and 37,966.96 ETB estimated budget requiring. Chapter IX: Training was given for 59 Health professionals working at Woreda and Health facilities of two zones from December 22-25, 2018. The training was organized by Oromia regional health bureau with collaboration of WHO at Ambo Town. The training was addressed overview of PHEM System, Public Health Emergency Preparedness, Epidemiology of 20 Notifiable Diseases, Early Warning Prevention, Health Emergency Response and Recovery. The training was supported by practical demonstration and group work presentation. Lack of printed training manual is a challenge, so we recommend training preparation should de include all necessary format and manual for trainers. Also I participate in different trainings and conferences in different places, namely: - I have attended AFENET Scientific conference at Addis Ababa June 2018. I have attended the training of Disaster Medical Assistance Team as central DMAT member at Bishoftu town from January 21-27,2019. I participate on Regional semi-annual PHEM review at Adama from February 1114/2019 and Public Health emergency preparedness and response on public mass-gathering at Kulib-Gebril Celebration December 2018.Other additional output: I conduct Six Regional public health emergency Weekly bulletin. I including only one of weekly bulletin in this document. Weekly bulletin results were disseminated for all Zones, Administrative Towns, Regional PHEM staff and different stakeholders including governmental and non-governmental organization on weekly bases.
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    Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compile Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Gebreslassie, Gebremedhin; Deyessa, Negusse (MD); Ashenafi, Hagos (Prof.); Abagaro, Abdunnasir(MPH)
    Residents are expected to produce and summit Compile Body of Works as a partial fulfillment for their Masters of public health degree in field epidemiology to school of graduate studies of Addis Ababa University. This Compile Body of Works has six chapters and four annexes. Chapter I: Presents two outbreaks; Cholera and brucellosis investigations. We investigated cholera outbreak in Kafta Humera District Wester Zone of Tigray region. Since August 28, to September 16, 2018 there were139 cases of daily workers those come from different camps to the district. We use them for descriptive analysis without control. Open defecation of farm areas and drinking untreated river water, contact tracing, crowding in one camp room among the identified risk factors. More over weak early contact tracing seasonal flood and distance of farms to health facility furnishes the way to aggravate for long time in controlling. The incidence rate was only male daily workers and new comers that live in camps.We recommended to mobilize ORP sites near to the farms, distribution of water chemicals and should have early contact tracing. We have also an investigation brucellosis outbreak Degua Temben district. We use 50 cases and 150 unmatched controls. From the cases 26(52%) of were males.Here we investigated the abortion case in animals and associated materials was the source of human brucellosis. Human 4(100%), and animal 18(38%) samples taken were confirmed seropositive by RBPT. The odds ratio of having aborted animal and assisting abortions have significant association from risk factors identified. No death at all. We recommended public health education to reduce contact, not to use raw animal products and keeping environmental hygiene. Chapter II: Describes surveillance data analysis on suspected anthrax in Tigray region. We described four year reported data of suspected anthrax cases in human and animals. 404 suspected cases and 6 deaths were recorded (3015-2018) and 1.46 % mortality rate at region level. 55.8% of the cases were recorded in 2016 and 44% case fatality rate was seen in animals (2018). All sex and age groups were affected. Central zone was the highest recorded cases by the two Sectors. We stressed surveillance activities should give attention in general and specially to central zone together. Chapter III: Surveillance system evaluation on suspected anthrax cases in Abi-Adi and Kola Temben districts of Tigray region. We use purposive selection method based the data analysis result we describe in chapter two. Suspected anthrax was under the immediate reportable diseases in human and animals. We showed 83.3% case definition of anthrax in all health facilities, reporting format and daily listed cases by simple chart in two health offices. Surveillance focal persons have a problem data analysis. They couldn‘t take training. Applying the Attributes, core activities in suspected anthrax were well practiced however, as sensitivity of the system, the focal person complains they had additional work load. Ours recommendation training and some logistics such as computers, stationary should be needed to complete by the district and region.Chapter IV: Public health surveillance system in Kola temben. We assessing the public health status of 8 health centers and 28 health posts at district level, Education, water resources supply of power and road access. In representativeness health facility and educational facility were at good level. However, Coverage of water supply (55%), one health center and one separate technical school needs prioritizing and environmental hygiene at woreda level needs attention and so the prioritize diseases. Chapter V. Epidemic research project proposal here we proposed an assessment of brucellosis in southeast zone of Tigray in three districts. Brucellosis is a miss diagnosed and chronic nature; it was not common in our region to see a case of brucellosis in human. The incidence of outbreak in Degua Temben points as, to see the status of knowledge attitude and practice of the community to assess. We will have tried to build community based definitions and mobilizing the professional in diagnosing and the public contact with brucellosis. Chapter VI: Manuscripts prepared for scientific peer received journals for publication from data analysis of suspected anthrax Chapter VII: Additional works and activities: Abstract of Anthrax for scientific writing Chapter VIII: Training on capacity building on brucellosis case definition in human and animals,Bulletin‘s week 12 and Consent f
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    Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-04) Wondmnew, Taddie; Ashenafi, Hagos(Prof.); Bekele, Alemayehu(Dr.)
    The Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) is 8 years competency based master’s program adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) Program. The School of Public Health/Addis Ababa University, the Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia/Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI),and CDC Ethiopia are running the Program jointly former your years. After all the program extended their coverage to other 8 university to increase field epidemiologist for the country. The field work comprises of 75% of the Program which is called residency; learning by working in public health emergency and other health related priority issues. The Program is designed to assist the Ministry of Health in building or strengthening health systems by recruiting promising health workers and building their competencies through on-the-job mentorship and training.Ethiopia adopted the Field Epidemiology Training Program to help improve leadership within Public Health Emergency Management. The Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) provides residents a Master of Public Health Degree in Field Epidemiology after they complete two years of supervised work in applied or Field Epidemiology. This compiled body of works has 10 main sections or chapters accomplished during the residency time of the Program. The first 7 sections are expected outputs during the residency time; comprising of outbreak investigation, surveillance data analysis, evaluation of the surveillance system, health profile description report, writing of finalized scientific manuscript for peer review journals, abstracts submitted to scientific conferences, summary of disaster situation visited/risk assessment and other additional works. The overall outputs of the two years Field Residency Program will be presented in a summarized way; in the outbreak investigations chapter or section, one unmatched case control outbreak investigation of Pertussis in Sayient Woreda, North west part of Ethiopia, January 2019 was documented. Health profile description report was done in Fogera district in March 2018 and Surveillance system evaluation was also done in Fogera and Dera Districts, Amhara Region, in March 2018. One finalized scientific manuscript was prepared for peer reviewed journal. A report on need assessment (risk assessment) on prioritized Districts of Amhara Regional State was also conducted with other XIII team members from food security center, WHO, UNICEF, ADDPS and Other Regional Bureau. Under other additional works/outputs section (last chapter) activities like provision of training for public health emergency management (PHEM) officers working at different levels (regional to health facility level) in the Amhara Regional Health Bureau were also undertaken. Other activities we developed of Rabies and Anthrax case based and line list and weekly Bulletin,update, summary report of Pertussis outbreak, prepared and present Anthrax outbreak investigation report on Workshops.
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    Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Hussen, Mukemil; Girmay, Abiy(PHD)
    The Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) is a two year an in-service training program in field epidemiology adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) program. The program is designed to assist the Ministry of Health in building or strengthening health systems by recruiting promising health workers and building their competencies through on-the-job mentorship and training. Because trainees work in active public health teams that are tackling the most serious and acute problems of the population, their work is exciting and leads to improvements in program implementation even as the trainees are learning. The EFETP program has two main components, each of which contributes to the award of the Master‘s degree (MPH) in Field Epidemiology. A classroom-teaching component (25%) and practical attachment or field placement component (75%) consisting of disease investigations, surveillance evaluations,surveys, and applied research on national health problems. Residents have the opportunity for public health practice in the real world.From the beginning of first week of November 2017 up to the end of June 2019, I stayed in Field Epidemiology Training Program, School of Public Health-Addis Ababa University and Ethiopia Public HealthInstitute (EPHI) field base. This body of work has nine chapters, including reports of three outbreak investigations, one surveillance data analysis, one evaluation of surveillance system, and one Woreda health profile description, four abstracts for scientific conference, onedisaster assessment report, one research proposal, as an additional output Weekly Bulletin and Feedback. Chapter one: Three outbreak investigations were conducted. Descriptive and Analytic Epidemiology was used during investigations. These are: measles outbreak investigation in two neighboring Adaarand Telalak districts of Afar region, November 2018; Cholera outbreak investigation in Amibara District, Zone 3, Afar, January 2019; Chikungunya outbreak investigation in Adaar district Afar, April 2019. We identified several factors that contributed to measles,cholera andChikungunya outbreaks occurred in different districts. Chapter two: Five years (2013 to 2017) Afar region Dysentery surveillance data was analyzed inMarch, 2018. In Chapter three: Evaluation of surveillance system was conducted in Addis Ababa city administration in March, 2018. Chapter four: Health profile description of Woreda 06 District of Nifas silk lafto sub city, Addis Ababa March, 2018. Chapter five:Two scientific manuscripts for Peer Reviewed Journals was done on Re-emergency of Chikungunya fever in Ethiopia after 3 years 2019 and Surveillance data analysis of dysentery, Afar, Ethiopia-March, 2018. Chaptersix: Four abstracts were prepared for scientific conference.(1) Measles Outbreak Investigation and response in Adaar and Telalak District, Afar region, Ethiopia, November 2018. (2) Cholera outbreak investigation and response in Amibara woreda, Afar region, Ethiopia-January, 2019. (3) Chikungunya outbreak investigation and response in Adaar woreda, Afar region, Ethiopia, April 2019. And (4) Dysentery surveillance data analysis in Afar region, Ethiopia, March 2018 Chapter seven: Narrative summary of disaster situation was conducted inFafan zone of Somali region in August, 2018. Chapter eight: Protocol/proposal for Epidemiologic Research Project was prepared on the t it le ―Assessment of magnitude of immunization coverage and Associated Factors among children Age 12–23 Months in Adaar district, Afar June to August, 2019. Finally, in chapternine: additional outputs; Coordinating Ebola Preparedness activity in Ethiopia, RHB Public health emergency operation center establishment;Short term training and workshops conducted; Weekly bulletin and Weekly Feedbackwere included.
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    Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP)Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2018-06) Abichu, Getachew; Enquselassie, Fikre(PhD,Prof.); Abuna, Fufa(PhD)
    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) is a two years in-service training program adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The program is designed to assist the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) and Federal ministry Livestock and Fisheries (MOLF) as one health approach to track epidemic and zoonotic diseases which confront the public health. This program strengthen early detection of disease outbreaks forming a bridge among human and animal health profession to control public health importance diseases. This compiled body of work composed of mainly seven main section which performed during residence I and II. Main section includes: outbreak investigations, surveillance data analysis,surveillance system evaluation, health profile assessment, scientific manuscript, project proposal and one research conducted on zoonotic disease.This document is organized in eight chapters:Chapter One: Disease outbreak investigation which contain two outbreaks: one with outbreak investigation of Measles in Mieso district, West Hararge zone, Oromia region and the second one was Anthrax outbreak investigation and confirmation in Farta and Smada districts, South Gondor, Amhara regional state. Chapter two: Surveillance data analysis on Malaria in Sebeta district of six year data to capture the outbreak trend from 2012-2017 Chapter three: Public Health profile assessment in one of the special zone of Oromia region which showed tremendous demographic dynamicity in related to different health and health related facilities in 2018. Chapter four: public disease surveillance system evaluation in Malaria an existing surveillance which is one of the weekly reportable prioritize disease. Chapter Five: epi project proposal on Brucellosis one of zoonotic disease having economically and public importance disease. Chapter six: Written Manuscript on the detection and confirmation of Anthrax outbreak investigation Chapter seven: Serological and molecular detection of brucellosis from camel, cattle goat and sheep from Eastern part of Ethiopia, which explain current prevalence of the disease from livestock mainly in pastoral communities. Chapter Eight: Abstract for scientific presentation, contains two abstracts of measles outbreak in Mieso district West Hararge zone, Oromia regional state, and Animal and Human Anthrax in Farta and Smada districts of south Gondor, Amhara regional state.
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    Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP)Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Feyissa, Zinabu; Deyessa, Negussie (PhD); Ayele, Wondimu(PhD fellow)
    This document contains all the work expected from Field Epidemiology trainee in Addis Ababa University School of Public Health for fulfillment of Master of Science Degree in Field Epidemiology. Starting from October 2017 to end of April 2019, I have been in Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program, School of Public Health Addis Ababa University and Oromia Regional Health Bureau Field Base. We have carried out two outbreak investigation, One surveillance data analysis, one surveillance system evaluation, one district health profile description, two scientific manuscript for peer reviewed journals, two abstracts for scientific conferences, one Disaster Narration, one epidemiological research proposal and additional outputs like training for health professionals and weekly bulletin preparations. Chapter I: we conducted two measles outbreak investigations. We identified 82 measles cases with no deaths in Dawe Serer district of Bale Zone with overall attack rate of 0.49%. Only 7(8.5%) was vaccinated. Travel history to measles affected area and contact with measles cases were identified risk factor by case control study. Increasing routine vaccination and mass vaccination of less than 15 years of age was recommended. We identified 280 measles cases and 5 deaths in Hawi Gudina district of West Harerge zone with overall attack rate of 3.8 per 1000 populations and Case fatality rate of 1.8%. Majority 149(53.2%) was not vaccinated and district measles vaccination coverage was 67% in 2018. Low vaccination coverage was cause of outbreak and we recommend increasing routine vaccination and supplemental immunization activities for under 15 years age groups. Chapter II: we analyzed surveillance data of meningococcal meningitis of Oromia Region from 2013-2017. We identified 2665 cases and 74 deaths and incidence rate was 1.57 per 1000 population with case fatality rate of 2.78%. We recommend strengthening routine surveillance system and aligning the PHEM and monthly HMIS reports. Chapter III: we conducted malaria, measles and MDSR surveillance system evaluation in Oromia Special zone Surrounding Finfinne at 13 sites from December 06-21, 2018. The system was found to be useful, representative and flexible. Preparing Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan, conducting supportive supervision and Restoring function of committees are important to sustain the system on track.AAU, SPH, Compiled Body of Work, EFETP, Zinabu F, 2019 zinabu99@gmail.com XIII Chapter IV: we prepared health profile description of Berek district of Oromia Region from February 12-24, 2018. Leading cause of morbidity in all ages was Acute upper respiratory infection 2833 (26.12%) and in < 5 years children was Diarrhea (non bloody) 1383 (39.82%). Chapter V: we prepared scientific manuscripts for peer reviewed journals on meningococcal meningitis surveillance data analysis of Oromia Region, Ethiopia 2013-2017 Chapter VI: we prepared two abstracts for scientific conferences on measles outbreak investigation and response in Dawe Serer District of Bale Zone Oromia Region Ethiopia 2019 and meningococcal meningitis surveillance data analysis of Oromia Region, Ethiopia 2013-2017. Chapter VII: we conducted Internally Displaced Population health need assessment in Meda Welabu District of Bale zone Oromia Region Ethiopia from April 12 to 25, 2019. Chapter VIII: One epidemiologic research project proposal was prepared on LLIN utilization status and Malaria surveillance system evaluation in Sebeta Haws District, Oromia Region,Ethiopia 2019. We will conduct a community based cross sectional study on 616 households for LLIN utilization and institution based on system evaluation at 12 sites. It was estimated to cost 2978 USD. We have got award from Presidents Malaria Initiative to conduct study so we will start study as soon as fund was released by organization in the near future. Chapter IX: we gave training on basic PHEM for zonal, district and health facility level PHEM focal persons who came from two zones and two town health offices. We had prepared 5 Weekly epidemiologic bulletin of Oromia regional Health Bureau. The bulletin serves to summarize weekly surveillance data and performance of the region on epidemic prone diseases and other public health emergencies and to give feedback to the reporting agencies. We have attached weekly bulletin prepared on week 01, 2019 as a sample among others.
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    Ethiopia Field Epidemiologyand laboratory Training Program (EFETP)Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-04) Seyoum, Melaku; Addissie, Adamu(Phd, Ass.Prof.); Sied, Yimer(BSc, MHP)
    This compiled body of works has nine main chapters which all of them were done during the residency time of the program. These nine sections are expected outputs during the residency time;such as outbreak investigation, surveillance data analysis report, surveillance system evaluation,description of a health profile report, Manuscript for peer reviewed journal, abstract for submission in scientific conferences, writing protocol/proposal of epidemiologic research project, a summary of disaster situation report and other additional outputs. Chapter One:-Two outbreak investigations were carried out. The first outbreak was conducted in Hudet Woreda, Dawa zone of Somali region and the second in Addis Ababa. In the first outbreak a total of 358 measles cases with 13 deaths were identified in Hudet woreda and in the second outbreak 260 imported cholera cases with no death were identified in Addis Ababa Bole international airport. Both outbreaks were confirmed at EPHI national reference laboratory. To identify the risk factors case-control study design was conducted for the first outbreak investigations and descriptive for the second outbreak. Recommendation was given for both based on the findings. Chapter Two:-Conducting Surveillance data analysis is the other core competency for field epidemiology training program. We retrospectively analyzed a five year national malaria surveillance data collected from 2013 to 2017 to describe epidemiology of malaria in Ethiopia. Chapter Three:-Gambella regions’ Guinea worm disease surveillance system was evaluated from March 20 to April 5, 2018. Descriptive cross sectional study design was used. The chapter clearly presents the purpose and objectives of Guinea worm disease surveillance; its progress towards its objectives. The surveillance attributes: simplicity, flexibility, acceptability, representativeness,timeliness, data quality, sensitivity, cost, predictive value positive and usefulness of the surveillance system were also assessed and presented in the chapter. Chapter Four:-Health profile is a system of collecting and summarizing health and other health related events, demographic, socio-economic, political and cultural aspect of a particular district. Health and health related data was collected in Soro Barguda Woreda of west Guji Zone during February 25-March 15, 2018.MELAKU SEYOUM, AAU SPH EFETP Compiled Body of Work in Field Epidemiology April 2019 Chapter Five:-Included two manuscripts for peer reviewed journal. The manuscripts were conducted on measles outbreak investigation and cholera outbreak investigation reports. Chapter Six:-Presents abstracts on “Invest igat ion of Measles Outbreak in pastoralists and hard to reach Hudet woreda of Somali region, Ethiopia October 2018” and “Challenges of imported cholera cases among deportees in Ethiopia: From Saudi Arabia prisons March 2019. Both abstracts were developed during this residency period. Chapter Seven:-Narrative summary of disaster situation. Rapid conflict impact and recovery assessment in internally displace population in west Guji and Borena zones was conducted in March 2018. Chapter Eight:-Contain an epidemiological protocol entitled “communit y based measles immunization coverage survey among children aged 12–23 months in Hudet district of Somali region”. Community based measles immunization coverage was not widely assessed and often there is variation between actual coverage in the community versus administration coverage. The main purpose of this study is to determine community based measles immunization coverages and validate it with administrative coverage figures in the woreda. Cross sectional study design will be used in Hudet woreda from 1 MELAKU SEYOUM, AAU SPH EFETP July to 30th July 2019. Chapter Nine:-Contains other additional outputs like training and weekly epidemiologic bulletin. EFETP frontline workshop1 training was given to woreda and hospital level PHEM officers/focals in Tigray region, November 2018. Training material was comprised of importance of surveillance,Surveillance data collection, Surveillance data analysis and interpretation, surveillance data quality assessment; monitoring and evaluation. In addition to this Weekly epidemiological bulletin was written to SNNPR. FETP frontline trainings given to Oromia and SNNPR, PHEM Integrated supportive supervision, Influenza supportive supervision and the likes were conducted but not included in this report
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    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Program: Compiled Body of Work in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-10) Gete, Dilnesaw Teshome; Belachew, Ayele(Dr.); Gizaw, Muluken; Hailemariam, Zegeye(Dr.)
    This compiled body of work consists a two year Field Epidemiology Training Program Outputs, which were done during the residency time. All these outputs are expected in the residency time which is submitted to graduate school of public health for partial fulfilment of master degree in Field Epidemiology. These are; diseases outbreak investigation, public health surveillance data analysis, surveillance system evaluation, Health profile description, manuscript, abstracts, and protocol/ proposal for epidemiologic research project and additional work like weekly bulletin. The document is organized in eight chapters. Chapter One: - The first chapter contains two outbreak investigation. The first was malaria outbreakm investigation conducted in Elu Gelan woreda of west shoa zone Oromia, Ethiopia from 24/2019 – 16/2020 WHO week in which 2099 malaria cases and no deaths were identified and the second was measles outbreak investigation occurred in Caliya woreda of west shoa zone Oromia, Ethiopia from 50 -1/2019 WHO weeks in which 16 cases and 2 deaths were identified. The second outbreak was confirmed at EPHI national reference laboratory. For both outbreaks. Case control study design was conducted to identify associated the risk factor. Recommendation was given for outbreaks based on the findings. Chapter Two: - this chapter contains meningococcal meningitis surveillance data analysis which is one of the core competency for field epidemiology training program and conducted in southern nation and nationalities and peoples region from 2012-2018. Seven years meningococcal meningitis data was analyzed retrospectively to describe epidemiology of the disease. Chapter Three: - malaria surveillance system evaluation conducted in Elu Gelan woreda west shoa zone,Oromia, Ethiopia in 2019 is presented in this chapter. The purpose and objective of malaria disease surveillance was clearly presented and we used descriptive cross sectional study design. It also addressed Public health emergency management surveillance system attributes like simplicity, flexibility,acceptability, representativeness, sensitivity and positive predictive value, timeliness and quality. Chapter Four: - contains health profile description conducted in Bona Zuria of Sidama zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia in 2019. Health and health related data of the woreda were presented in this chapter. Chapter Five: - Included scientific manuscript for peer reviewed journal on malaria outbreak investigation conducted in Elu Gelan woreda. Chapter Six: - Three abstracts were presented in this chapter. These are Abstracts of malaria outbreak investigation conducted in Elu Gelan woreda, meningitis surveillance data analysis conducted in SNNPR,and malaria surveillance system evaluation conducted in Elu Gelan woreda. Chapter Seven:- contains protocol/ proposal for epidemiologic research project namely assessment of long lasting insecticide net utilization and associated risk factors in under five children in Elu Gelan woreda of West shoa zone, Oromia, which is developed as one of the outputs. Assessment was not widely done in the district on the utilization of long lasting ITN especially for under five children. So the main purpose of this study is to assess ITN utilization and associated risk factors
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    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (EFELTP) :Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-07) Demoze, Zerihun; Enqusselassie, Fikere(PHD,Prof.); Wonedimagegnehu, Abigiya(MPH)
    This compiled body of work comprises of different outputs to be submitted to Addis AbabaUniversity, school of public health for the partial fulfillments of Degree of Masters in Field epidemiology. It has nine chapters, including Outbreak investigation, Surveillance data analysis,Surveillance system evaluation, Narrative summary of disaster situations, Proposal for epidemiologic research project, Manuscript for peer reviewed journal, Abstract for scientific presentation and two additional outputs. Chapter I: two outbreak investigation reports have been included on this chapter; the first is rubella outbreak investigation in South Aari district of South Omo zone. A case-control study was conducted. We identified 53 cases, of which 31 cases (58.5%) were females. The second report was on anthrax outbreak investigation in Menit Goldia district of Bench Maji zone.A descriptive cross sectional study was used. 57 cases and two deaths identified. Chapter II: it describes about measles surveillance data analysis of SNNP Region from 2013 to 2017. A total of 8632 confirmed measles was reported. Konta special woreda was the most affected part of the region. Chapter III: this chapter presents malaria surveillance system evaluation of Boricha district of Sidama zone. A cross sectional study with secondary data review was applied for this study. Core and supportive functions of surveillance system, and system attributes were assessed. Chapter IV: Health profile assessment of Dale district. A cross sectional study with secondary data review was applied for this study. Dale district is located in Sidama zone with an estimated total population of 235,847 in 2016/17 year. Chapter V: A manuscript on rubella outbreak investigation prepared for peer review journal. Chapter VI: Abstract on rubella outbreak investigation prepared for scientific conference presentation. Chapter VII: Multi-sectoral meher season health and nutrition needs assessment in Hadiya and Kembata Tembaro zones, and Halaba special woreda Chapter VIII: Proposal for epidemiological research project. The title of the project is virologic failure and associated factors among patients routinely treated with ART in Southern Region of Ethiopia with regards to UNAID 90-90-90 treatment targets. Chapter IX: two additional outputs which includes report on measles outbreak investigation in Arba Minch University, Chamo campus and Weekly epidemiological bulletin of SNNPR.
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    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program(EFELTP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Adhana, Brhanu; Seid, Yimer(MPH ); Gizaw, Muluken(MPH)
    The Ethiopian field epidemiology training (EFETP) is a two year an in-service training program in field epidemiology adapted from the US centers for disease control and prevention epidemic intelligence service given to multidisciplinary health professionals in Ethiopia. It was started in Addis Ababa University in 2001 and expanded to other eight universities to increase trained manpower in field epidemiology in our country to control emergency and reemerging health and health related situations. The program was designed to assist Ministry of health in building health system by training and build the capacity of the professionals. The program is 75% at field base practical attachment in investigating disease occurrence, surveillance evaluation and survey, and 25% class room teaching and learning to share experience from tutors /instructors to award a master of degree (MPH) in field epidemiology. We residents have the opportunity to practice public health in the real place where we have assigned. During the two years’ residency stay, we are expected to do the following output, for the partial fulfilment of master’s degree in field epidemiology, two diseases outbreak investigation, surveillance secondary data analysis, surveillance system evaluation, woreda health profile description report, summary of disaster situation report, manuscript, abstract, epi project proposal and additional outputs. During two years’ residency at Addis Ababa university school of public health and Tigray RHB PHEM and Alamata field base I have done and conducted the following activities and outputs Chapter 1: outbreak investigation 1.1 Epidemiological linked measles outbreak investigation in Alamata town, January 2019 The outbreak was started on January 14-2019. 31 under 15 year’s old children were the victims with one above 15 years old child. We investigate the outbreak, as epidemiologically confirmed since there was an outbreak of measles in woreda Ofla with confirmed cases where it is adjacent woreda the town of Alamata. The main risk factor of the outbreak was history of contact with measles case and being unvaccinated. 1.2 Scabies outbreak investigation among ‘Yekolo temari’ in Korem town, Tigray, Ethiopia April 2019. The outbreak of this scabies was in ‘Yekolo temari’ in three churches of korem town, the risk factors identified in this outbreak was contact scabies cases, sharing of coats among the ‘Yekolo temari’. The students were living in a small room crowdedly with a maximum of 20 ‘Yekolo temari’ in a single room. We have given education ho how to prevent and control the disease. We recommended to provide water access near the residential area for hand washing. Chapter 2: Surveillance data analysis Secondary data analysis on under five pneumonias a three-year data from 2015-2017, Tigray, region, January 2017. Within three years 316821 children under five were affected by pneumonia. The incidence and mortality rate was 140/1000 and 10.8/ 1000 children. This figure shows large amount of children suffer from a vaccine preventable disease. We recommend to TRHB and woredea health offices to inspect vaccine cold chain management at health facilities as the immunization coverage is 89% for pneumococcal vaccine Chapter 3: Surveillance system evaluationSurveillance system evaluation in Raya Azebo Woreda, southern Tigray, Ethiopia December 2018. We have conducted surveillance system evaluation in south zone of Tigray, Raya Azebo woreda. All respondents (11) of the agreed that the surveillance system is useful and sensitive to prevent and control disease outbreaks. And it was also representative in which all health facilities report the disease under surveillance, the people under surveillance have good health seeking behaviors towards disease occurrence and report new disease events. There was a gap of training among the health care providers i.e. only 80% of them have got training about surveillance. We recommend to the woreda; they have to be trained. Chapter 4: Woreda health profile description Health profiles description in Ganta Afeshum woreda, eastern zone of Tigray, Ethiopia, February, 2017. We have conducted health profile assessment in woreda Ganta Afeshum to assess health and health related issues and to assess basic health service in the woreda. Diarrhea none bloody was the first five top morbidity in under five and plasmodium vivax malaria was the first ten top disease among adults. We also found low contraceptive prevalence rate (32.9%) and low immunization coverage for all antigens. We recommend the woreda to assess why and what are the factors to be low coverage in the in the identified gaps. Chapter 5: Scientific manuscript for peer reviewed journals 5.1 Epidemiological linked measles outbreak in Alamata town, Januarys, 2019 5.2 Scabies outbreak investigation in Korem town, south Tigray, Ethiopia, April 2019 Chapter 6: Abstract for scientific conference Two abstracts were prepared on two outbreaks Chapter 7: Narratives summary of disaster situation report ‘Meher’ risk assessment in Ofla woreda, south Tigray, Ethiopia November 2019. In this emergency need assessment, the proxy GAM for children under five was 9.3% in which it shows high prevalence of malnutrition in under five children which is equivalent with the national prevalence studied in EDHS 2016. We recommend to the woreda to assess the nutrition enhanced for action. Chapter 8: Epi project proposal Epi project tittle was selected on Prevalence of malnutrition among 6-59 months children in Ofla woreda, south Tigray, Ethiopia 2019. This will be done after graduation on August 10-20-2019. This proposal aimed at the assessment of malnutrition status in 6-59months children and to assess the risk factors contributing to malnutrition so as to identify root cause and to take action in the area where the malnutrition prevalence is high. Chapter 9: Additional output on Weekly epidemiological bulletin in Tigray regional health bureau This weekly bulletin is very important to forecast the possibility of disease outbreak and to know the disease burden from which the report is received. This is done in weekly base to identify early and to take action for control.
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    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFELP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Wendmu, Kidan; Bekele, Alemayehu(Dr.); Abagero, Abdulnasir
    This document contains two years output of field Epidemiology training program that submitted To AAU school of public health for the final accomplishment of master in field Epidemiology.The Ethiopia field epidemiology training program is a two years postgraduate training program. The training is collaborated with Addis Ababa University, school of public health, Ministry of health and Ethiopian public health association .According to the design , the residents expects to spend 75% of their time in the field activities and 25%in class. During the two years residents,the expected output for the partial fulfilment of master’s degree in field epidemiology were ;two diseases outbreak investigation ,public health surveillance analysis , surveillance, system evaluation, district health profile, narrative summery of disaster situation report ,manuscripts,abstract and additional outputs (EFETP Resident manval,2012.Until know my resident at AAU,schoolof public health and Tigray regional health bureau PHEM, I have conducted the following output s and activities the detail output that I have accomplished still know are summarized below. Chapter one: Cholera outbreak investigation and suspected measles outbreak investigation1.1 Cholera outbreak investigation in Hadnet district Mekelle special zone July, 2018. From this cholera investigation we use case control study with 50 cases and 100 controls. We identified drinking spring water is risk factor the outbreak, using latrine was preventive factor. 1.2 suspected Measles cases investigation. This was done in Hawelity district Tigray on January 2019.We use decretive study from this study we found 68.7% of the case were vaccinated to measles, 18.2% of the case were not vaccinated and 12.5% of the cases were unknown their vaccination status. Chapter two: Secondary surveillance data analysis 3 years on measles in Tigray region 20152017. Chapter three Surveillance system evaluation the evaluation was conducted in Kilte Awlaelo district Tigray region Ethiopia,Dec 2019.The woreda surveillance system was assess and the attributors were clarified sensitivity is 50% timelines completeness were greater than 80. Chapter four health profile District health profile was conducted in Adigrat town Eastern zone of Tigray Ethiopia 2018. In this health profile most of immunization coverage of the woreda was greater than 90 but TT for non-pregnant mothers were less coverage. Chapter five Manuscript on cases based measles surveillance data analysis this was conducted in Tigray regional health bureau. Chapter six Cholera outbreak investigation in Hadnet district Mekelle special Zone Tigray region this abstract was prepared for conference. Chapter seven: Narrative summery report on IDP.We assess the IDP site and we observe the condition of the IPD site base on WASH and other health relative conditions. Chapter Eight: Epidemiological research proposal assessment of knowledge on ITN utilization and association factors affecting ITN utilization in raya Azobo district. This will be help identifying knowledge gab in utilization of ITN and association factors affecting the ITN utilization this is will be help in control and prevention of malaria in the district.
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    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-05) G/Mariam, Tadesse; Worku, Alemayehu(Prof.); Firdu, Naod(Dr.)
    The Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program is a two year post graduate training program. The training is provided in collaboration with Addis Ababa University, School of Public Health, Ministry of Health and Ethiopian Public Health Association. The program designed to work 75% of the time in service and 25% theory, it is learning by doing. For the partial fulfillment of master‘s in public health in field epidemiology, this summary compiled two year residency outputs; surveillance data analysis, surveillance system evaluation, health profile, outbreak investigation, manuscript and disaster report. The document is organized in eight chapters; chapter one deals about outbreak investigation. During the residency period it has been conducted two outbreak investigation; one was measles outbreak investigation which was conducted in South Sudan refugee camp in Gambella region. On this investigation we conducted a case control study. The second outbreak investigation was a case study on food poison conducted in Kubri Kebele Lare woreda Gambella region. Chapter two explains about manuscript on measles outbreak investigation. Chapter three explains about surveillance data analysis which was conducted Gambella region on Malaria disease. The analysis was made from the year 2015-2017 and it address the burden of rubella disease in the country by place, person and time. Similarly chapter four is about malaria surveillance system evaluation conducted in Gog wereda Gambella region. In this chapter purpose and objective of surveillance system, progress towards the objective and also attributes of the surveillance system was discussed. Chapter five is about health profile of Itang special wereda Gambella region. In this chapter health and health related data of the woreda presented. Chapter six presents narrative summary of disaster situation which was conducted in Nuer Zone Gambella region; as part of early warning and vulnerability assessment. It was done together with partners working on health and nutrition. The assessment was conducted to identify potential problems which need humanitarian assistance in the Maher season. Chapter seven presents Project proposal on knowledge, attitude and practice of notifiable disease surveillance and reporting. The proposal intended to do descriptive cross-sectional study in Nuer Zone Gambella regional state. Finally, chapter eight presents Public Health Emergency Lare woreda yearly bulletin prepared.
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    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) :Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Kedir, Umer; Ali, Ahmed(Prof.); Yilma, Mengistu(PHD fellow)
    Despite many intervention activities undertaking prevention of communicable diseases remain a public health problem globally. The Ethiopian Government Policy gives more emphasis on prevention measures of communicable diseases. Many strategies and programs were also set to enhance disease prevention activities. Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program, adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) is one of the programs focusing on capacity building of public health practitioners.The training enables trainers to conduct disease surveillance and implement prevention and control measures of prioritized diseases. I stayed in the Addis Ababa University, School of Public Health- Field Epidemiology TrainingProgram and at the Oromia Regional Health Bureau Field Base from October 2017 to June 2019.During my stay, I carried out two outbreak investigations, one surveillance data analysis, one surveillance system evaluation, one district health profile description, prepared two abstracts, one scientific manuscript for peer reviewed journals and one disaster situation analysis. I was also engaged in one epidemiological research proposal, one training and preparation of three weeklyepidemiologic bulletins for this residency outputs. However, I included only one weekly bulletinin this Document. We investigated two outbreaks (Measles and scabies) during this field base Residency.Additionally, we investigated also two outbreaks (Measles and food poising) which were not included in this Document. We did not include the two additional outbreaks due to similarity with previous measles investigation and food poising outbreak where I served as co-investigator with other staff. Descriptive and analytical epidemiology methods were used to describe magnitude of the diseases and identify risk factors associated with diseases. A total of 34 measles cases were reported from Goro Woreda of Bale Zone, Oromia Region in 2018. We identified that low vaccine coverage, lack of awareness, lack of belief in modern medicine and poor cold chain management for measles outbreak in the woreda. We recommended increasing community awareness on vaccination, additional second dose of measles vaccine and proper cold chain management. There were also scabies outbreaks in three Medresa/religious education sites of Ginnir Woreda,Bale Zone of Oromia Region that we investigated in February 2019. During this outbreak, a total of 102 scabies cases and no deaths were reported from January 2019 to February 2019. Lack of safe water, overcrowding, long duration contact and students movements from one Medresa to others might be attributed factors for scabies outbreak. We recommended provision of safe and adequate water, avoiding contact with someone with symptoms, active case search and early treatment and separate rooms for students/deresa.Surveillance data analysis of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) for consecutive four years (2006– 2009 E.C) was conducted in Bale Zone of Oromia Region. The cases were increasing throughout those years especially during 2008 E.C due to ElNino with decreasing deaths. We identified that strong screening and case management contributed for the increasing number of cases and declining deaths. I conducted surveillance system evaluation in Akaki Woreda, Finfinne Special Surrounding Zoneof Oromia Region in 2018. During this evaluation, the overall surveillance system and selected disease (malaria) was assessed. The system was simple, flexible, useful, sensitive and complete but, not timely, stable and representative.Health profile description was carried out in Sinana district, Bale Zone, Oromia Region from February to March 2018. Low coverage of infrastructures, high prevalence of communicable diseases such as diarrhea and acute upper respiratory infections and low maternal health serviceswere noted. prepared scientific manuscript for peer reviewed journals on measles outbreak investigation and response in Goro Woreda, Bale Zone of Oromia Region.Two abstracts were prepared for scientific conference submission; Measles Outbreak Investigation and Intervention in Goro Woreda of Bale Zone and Severe Acute Malnutrition(SAM) data analysis in Bale Zone, Oromia Region.Disaster situation analysis was conducted at IDP sites in Begi woreda of West Wellega Zone,Oromia Region in July 2018 to assess situation, identify humanitarian needs and give public health intervention. Diarrhea and other communicable diseases were anticipated to be a major
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    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Mengistu, Roman; Bekele, Alemayehu( PHD); Yelma, Mengistu( PHD Fellow)
    The Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) is an in-service training program in field epidemiology adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) program. The goal of the EFETP is to strengthen the Ethiopian Public Health Emergency Management system by: Improving public health event detection and response; creating a robust disease surveillance system; building capacity in field epidemiology and public Health; Enhancing evidence-based decision making for public health practice; and Reducing morbidity and mortality associated with priority diseases. Residents are expected to prepare and submit this body of work which will be assessed and evaluated by examiners to make sure that resident has acquired the expected level of competencies during his/her residency. Therefore, this body of work summarizes the required field residency ‘s outputs accomplished at field base during two years’ residencies. It has Nine chapters namely Outbreak Investigation, Surveillance Data Analysis Report, Evaluation of the Surveillance System, Health Profile Summary Report, Scientific Manuscript for peer review journals, Abstract, Protocol/Proposal of Epidemiologic Research Project, Public Health Emergency Management Weekly Bulletin and a Summary of Disaster Situation Visited/Risk Assessment. Accordingly, the document is organized to nine chapters. The first chapter includes two outbreak investigations and response. One of the investigations was conducted in Gotera refugee Shelter on scabies Outbreak using case control study design and the other Investigation was descriptive study on human exposure to Dog bite in woreda ten of Yeka sub-city Addis Ababa City administration, 2019. The second chapter contains five years (2013 to 2017) Surveillance Data Analysis of Typhoid Fever in Bole sub city, Addis Ababa City administration. Chapter Three describes Measles Surveillance System Evaluation in Bole sub city. Chapter four contains Health Profile Description of woreda nine, Bole sub city, Addis Ababa in 2017. Chapter five and Six contains Loss and damage from flooding in Akaki Kality sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018 and Scientific manuscripts for peer reviewed journals respectively. In addition, three abstracts (which were developed from the two outbreak investigation and Surveillance Data analysis) are found in Chapter seven. Chapter Eight presents an Epidemiologic research project entitled “Assessment of Report completeness and factor affecting reporting disease under surveillance among private health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. The last chapter (Chapter 9) contains additional out puts (One Epidemic Bulletin, Conference attended, Training received and provided, ……. etc.).