Medical Laboratory Sciences

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Browsing Medical Laboratory Sciences by Subject "AAML"

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    Spectrum and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bacteriuria Isolated From Patients Attending Arsho Advanced Medical Laboratory with Urinary Tract Infections by Using Vitek 2 Compact System, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-10) Molalign, Tamirat; Bitew, Adane (Associate Professor)
    Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very common infection both in the community and hospital patients. Development of drug resistance by bacteriuria is a growing problem. Accurate identification of bacteria implicated causing UTIs and determining their drug susceptibility pattern is critical for efficient management of patients with UTIs; that has significant clinical and financial benefits, via reduction of mortality rates and overall hospitalization costs. The aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of bacteria implicated in causing urinary tract infections and their drug susceptibility profile. Methodology: The present study was a single institutional cross-sectional study carried out at Arsho Advanced Medical laboratory, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March to July 2016. Clean- catch midstream urine was collected from study participants and was inoculated onto primary isolation culture media with calibrated loop. All plates were incubated at 37 0C for 18-24 hours and the number of colonies was counted. Species identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacteria were determined with the automated VITEK 2 compact system. Result: Out of 712 urine samples processed, 256 (36%) yielded significant bacteriuria of which 208 (81.25%) were obtained from female study participants and 48 (18.75%) were from male study participants. Cases of 75 % UTIs were recorded among age group of 15-64 years. Of the 256 bacterial isolates recovered, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Enterococcus faecalis were the dominant bacterial isolates. Ampicillin (21.7%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (33.7%) were the least effective drugs against gram negative bacteria while piperacillin/tazobactam (82.3%) was the most effective drug. Erythromycin (17.8%) was the least effective drug against gram positive bacteria and daptomycin (98.1%) was the most active drugs. The overall resistance to two and more antibacterial drugs was high (75.4% and 91.3% for gram negative and positive respectively). Conclusion: Isolation of many unpredictable bacteria, urinary tract infection rate of 36%, and an overall higher resistance rate to two and more antibacterial (75.4% and 91.3% for gram negative and gram positive bacteria respectively) were documented. These highlight the need for nationwide study on the spectrum and drug sensitivity pattern bacterial uropathogens. Key words: Antibiotics Resistance, Bacterial Profile, AAML, Urinary Tract Infection, VITEK 2 Compact.