Environmental and Development Studies

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Browsing Environmental and Development Studies by Subject "Adoption"

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    Determinants of Adoption of Alternative Pest Management Practices in Cotton Farming: a case study from three woreda’s of Arbaminch zuria, Amibara and Gewane in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-10) Tsegaye Abebe; Dawit Dirba (PhD)
    The environmental and health risks of chemical pesticide application are usually becoming a serious global risk in agricultural fields like cotton farms. In recent studies despite the existence of chemical pesticide risk on environment and health issues, the engagement of farmers for the adoption of alternative practice to chemical pesticides is still imminent in the context of cotton farms in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. However, there are few studies on examining the determinants for adoption of alternative pest management practices (APMP) for the benefits of emission reduction from chemical pesticides pollution. Therefore, an alternative pest management practices (APMP) to chemical pesticides which constitutes both agronomic and cultural Control methods (ACCM) and biological control methods (BCM) is an essential strategy in the cotton crop protection strategies and other related environmental conservation areas. This research focused with a major objective of examining factors that can influence adoption of an alternative pest management practices to chemical pesticides application activities along with farmers perception and familiarity to such practices in three cotton growing areas of Amibara, Gewane and Arbaminch zuria districts in Ethiopia. The data for study was collected from 384 farmers, using structured and semi-structured questionnaire interviews and focused group discussions. Multistage random and purposive sampling technique was employed to select the required sample size. The descriptive analysis revealed that 23 % of the sample households were adopter and 77 % were nonadopters of these alternative strategies. A bivariate probit regression model was fitted to analyze the potential variables determining farmers’ adoption and the marginal effects of different variables in the study area. Among 12 explanatory variables employed in the model, only seven variable including training on APMP, risk aversion status of chemical pesticides, risk of adoption for the alternative practices, farm size, land tenure rights, distance from nearest market, and agro ecology/division were significantly influencing the adoption of both controlling methods(ACCM and BCM). In addition the variables age and education were marginally significant to only the practices of BCM whereas extension contact and share of income from cotton farming is only significant to the practice of ACCM. The study therefore recommends that policy makers and other related stakeholders should give more attention to those influencing factor on addressing the problems since reduction of environmental pollution can generates significant economic, health and environmental benefits to cotton farmers and the society as a whole.
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    Determinants’ of Farm Household Adoption of Agro-ecological Farming Practices in Banja Woreda; Awi Zone, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019) Amare, Getnet; Diriba PhD, Dawit
    Agriculture is the main livelihood of farmers in Banaja Woreda. But influenced internal and external factors in agro-ecological farming practices. The main objective of this study is to assess awareness and attitude level of farmers, investigate locally acceptable technologies and to examine factors affecting farmers’ choices of agro-ecological farming practices at the household level in Banja Woreda. Mixed research approach, both qualitative and quantitative analysed was employed. The survey questions covered 211 total sample size; 192 household head, 12 focused group discussion and 7 key informant interviews were selected through simple random sampling method with the selection of two kebeles, sampling units of four village households and field observation conducted. The result shows that, 169 (80%) households have perceived adoption practices of crop rotation, mixed farming and agro-forestry and the remaining 42 (20%) have not perceived in Akayeta& Kessa-Chewsa Kebeles. Analysis of the model indicated that, there is 46% variation between adopters& non-adopters. Farm size, extension services and land degradation negatively significant at 5% level and income, awareness, market distance and environmental factors at 1% level. While, family size and education positively significant at 10 % level and agricultural management at 1% level. It is concluded that in Banaja Woreda, there is problem of farmers in adoption practices to respond food security. Farm size, income, awareness, technology, extension, policy incentives, degradation and natural frost were the main factors hindering farmers’ choices decided to adopt agro-ecological farming practices. This implies, need to support locally acceptable technologies in terms of policy incentives, off-farm income targeted at household level. Furthermore, creating opportunities in adoption of agro-ecological farming practices encourage non- adopter farmers in limited farm and technologies.