Browsing by Author "Zenebe Beyene"

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    Analysis of Organizational Communication Practice: Ethiopian Airlines in Focus
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-12) Wondwossen Shiferaw ; Zenebe Beyene
    This study was an attempt to analyze how organizational communication of Ethiopian Airlines was functioning. As it is becoming known, organizational communication has been an important tool to achieve organizational objective. However, organizational communication of Ethiopian never been studied. Therefore, this thesis studied organizational communication practice of Ethiopian Airlines. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative research method to find out Ethiopian perfonnance in this regard. Questionnaires distributed to three hundred eighty-one employees of Ethiopian airlines. In addition, interview also conducted with the head of employees' engagement office of Ethiopian Airlines. The findings indicated that Ethiopian employees are very much aware of the significance of communication in their day-to-day activity. Moreover, the policy that guides the practice of intemal communication encourages employees to engage in honest and effective di scussion. However, the findings showed they are not effectively engaged in cormnunication; as a result, most employees are not happy by performance on intra-organizational communication their company. Even if Ethiopian has, a solid ground to have effective communication but it fai led to deliver the needed practice in the company. This study concluded based on the findings of this research. In the end, recommendation forwarded that researcher think helpful for the betterment of organizational communication in Ethiopian airline.
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    Ethiopian Media Coverage of the South Sudan Conflict;-The Case of the Ethiopian Herald, Fortune and Reporter
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-02) Yeshewa Masresha ; Zenebe Beyene
    The ma in aim of t hi s study was to exa mine how the Ethi opi an Media covered the South Sudan conflict in the stud y period. In order to undertake the assignment, framing theory was employed. The stud y was cond ucted on t hree Eng li s h newspapers : th e Ethiopian Herald, Fortu ne and the Repo rter. A fo ur- m onth data was taken from each newspaper. Quantitative content a nalysis , Textua l a nalysis and in-d epth in terv iew were the teclmiques used. Quantitative content analys is and qualitative Textual ana lysis were applied to inves ti gate how the iss ue of South Sudan was framed in the newspape rs a nd to identify whi ch frame types were used. In-d epth interview was conducted to support the re sults found from the two me thods. The st ud y re ve als t hat the conflict frame was the domina nt frame used by Fortune and The Repo rter. A nd th e next frame was the attribution of responsibility frame which was the dominant fi•ame for The Eth iopian Herald. Co nfli ct and human interest frames were the common frames used by the three papers. The Ethiopian Herald and fortune showed simil arit y in using Attribution of re s ponsibility frame. For th e two newspapers the e lites from the ri valry groups are respons ible for the ca use of the confl ict and also to brin g about so lu tion. different to the two newspapers, for The Reporter, Ethi op ia is more responsible in bringing peace because of the prox imit y it ha s w ith so uth Suda n and also in defending herself from the contagious nature of the conflict. The contingency fram e was found only in The Reporter's coverage to s how that the\\\. \f..econflict may spillover to Ethiopia, Unlike the Reporter, The Ethiopian Herald and Fortune preferred to say noth ing though aware of it. And also the economic frame was found only in Fortune which is business focused newspaper. In using news sources, it was found that Fortune was highly dependent on international media sources. While, The Reporter tried to use different sources in a balanced way. On the other side, almost all the stories in The Ethiopian Herald were event based whi ch coated the officials' speeches at the events and reports from different organizations. In the case of Ethiopian Herald, The study also prevails how ownership matters in delivering information on time. Based on the finding, some recommendations were forwarded.
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    An Investigation of the Minimum threshold Level towards the end of the first cycle: reading Skills in Focus
    (Addis Ababa University, 2000-05) Zenebe Beyene ; Teshome Demisse
    The principal objective of the study was to investigate the reading achievement of the first cycle students and then compare this with the achievement level expected of them. As a corollary to this, the investigation sought to discover whether the reading objectives of the first cycle are met or not. To this end, an achievement test and two sets of questionnaires were employed to collect the data. To prepare the test, the profile for the first cycle was closely analyzed. The textbooks for grade one, two, three and four were surveyed. Based on the objectives of the syllabi and the proportional representation of the sub-skills in the textbooks, a table of specifications was prepared. A test comprising literal comprehension, vocabulary in context, word recognition (identification), information transfer, comprehension-at-word level, comprehension-at-sentence level, reordering jumbled sentences and reading for the main ideas was developed as this would most likely gauge students' expected performance at the level. This test was administered to 180 randomly selected students from six schools: three from Government and three from Public Schools. The test was piloted on 40 students and then was administered to the 180 sample students. The result of the test indicated that from the total of 180 sample students 94 students or 52% scored below the overall average of the test (54%). A close examination of student's performance further revealed that students performed better in comprehension-at-word level, information transfer and reordering jumbled sentences tests. They performed adequately in literal comprehension test. The students performed below average in comprehension at sentence level, in Reading-for-the main idea and word identification tests. The results of teachers' questionnaire also corroborate the test results. The response of teachers' questionnaire indicated that students' reading performance was below standard. Further analysis of the questionnaire revealed that there were some problems which account for such poor performance. On the basis of the results, some recommendations were forwarded. These recommendations call for some remedial activities on the part of the teachers, supply of reading materials on the part of the parents and school administrators, syllabus and other minor policy adjustments on the part of the bodies concerned and improving reading practice on the part of the students.
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    Media Framing of Nations Nationalities and Peoples Day in Ethiopia: The Case of Some Selected Newspapers
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-11) Dessalegn Yeshambel ; Zenebe Beyene
    The main objective of this study was to examine media framing of Nations, Nationalities and Peoples day both in government and private print media outlets from 2010-2014. In order to conduct this study, three newspapers: namely, the government owned Addis Zemen, and the privately owned Addis Admass and Reporter newspapers have been purposejitlly selected based on ownership, access and large circulation of newspapers. The study also included newspapers published in November 24 to December 24 from 2010 to 2014. Accordingly, 135 news articles were analyzed by using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative content analysis and in-depth interview methods were dominantly used. Moreover, in-depth interviews were conducted with 9 key informants from government and private media houses as well asji'om the house of federation. This study also dominantly employed framing theOlY as a theoretical framework. The findings of this study revealed the dominance of development frame over other media frame types both in Addis Zemen and Reporter Amharic newspapers. However, in the weekly, Addis Admass, advocacy frame was the most frequently employed frame type for the coverage of the event. With reference to the coverage of NNPD of Ethiopia, the findings of the result indicated that Addis Zemen relatively published more news articles than Addis Admass and Reporter newspapers due to its daily published and government owned newspaper. In addition, Addis Zemen and Reporter Amharic framed and portrayed the day in a positive way since Addis Zemen is government controlled media, it has no space to criticize the evel1l whereas, the weekly Addis Admass portrayed the event of NNPD of Ethiopia in a negative way because it has relatively beller media freedom than the government owned media. This shows thotthere are biased views in the newspapers towards the celebration of the event. Moreover, in the findings of the study, living peacejitlly in tolerance with NNP 's and building a single political and economic community in the country was found to be the dominant discussed theme both in Addis Zemen and Reporter (Amharic) newspapers.
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    Perception of ECA's Officials and Stakeholders on the Role of lCT in the Campaign against Illicit Financial Flows (IFF) from Africa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Meseret Arega ; Zenebe Beyene
    This study examines the roles that ICTs play in Economic Commission for Africa's CECA's) campaign against Illicit Financial Flows (IFF) as documented in the report of the High Level Panel on Illicit Financial Flows from Africa submitted to the African Union Assembly of Heads of State and Government in January 20 15. The report finds that over $50 billion of Africa's fund s, which could have been used to meet development needs is salted out of the continent yearly in illicit flows. The study employed two prominent theoretical frameworks that could underpin the study; they are Networking Theory popularized by Manuel Castell and Diffusions of Innovations theory by Everett Rogers In exploring the role of ICTs in the campaign against IFF, the study adopts triangulation both quantitative and qualitative approaches: First, it examines the ICT-related elements, especially the IFF Webtracker, in the communication strategy designed by ECA for the purpose of tracking, stopping and returning the funds illicitly tran sferred out of Africa. Second, it dwells on the response to questionnaires administered to 115 people who are the staff members of ECA and ECA's stakeholders and collaborators who are purposively sampled based on their areas of engagement, which is either ICT or are invo lved directly to the programme, IFF. ECA's stakeholders and collabo rators that include the African Union, African Development Bank, the World Bank, the African Capacity Building Foundation, NEPAD Agency and relevant Civil Society Organ izations including Action Aid and Tax Ju stice Africa were selected considering their exposure to IFF and ICT events organized by ECA. Thirdly, in order to get deeper in sight, one-on-one interviews were carried out with eight experts who are either connected with the preparation and implementation of the High Level Panel (HLP) report or have expertise in areas including ICT for development, Communications and development, Data management, etc. The study unveiled that ICTs plays a significant role in tracking and stopping IFFs through the use of web applications, advocacy campaigns led by social media, as well as communication systems and devices which vent the negative impacts of IFF, create public awareness and curb the problem. The study, however, finds that ICT plays less of a role in returning the money to the source countries and argues that political will of governments should complement ICTs in order to stop IFFs. The study, accordingly, calls for enhanced communication strategies and involvement of media in advocacy campaigns.
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    A Study on Diabetes Communication Strategy in Ethiopia: The Case of Ethiopian Diabetes Association
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Firew Mekuanint ; Zenebe Beyene
    The purpose of the study was to study effectiveness of the communication strategy of the Ethiopian Diabetes Association (EDA) in combating diabetes. The study was conducted among members of the Ethiopian Diabetes Association, health professionals working at the Federal Ministry of Health and other government and private health institutions. To achieve the objectives, the study employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches, which includes individual interview, questionnaire, observation and document analys is. Therefore, the communication strategy employed by the Ethiopian Diabetes Association has not been effective because of various reasons. These include, among others, lack of skilled human power and financial constraints. The findings of the study showed that use of mass media, informal education session, mainstreaming with formal education system and interpersonal communication methods are the most commonly used and accepted in the study to communicate diabetes messages. As applied in other sectors of health such as HIV IAIDS, the outcome of the study illustrated that those occasions as coffee ceremonies, Idir, Mahiber, Debo and other relevant meetings are to be the major indigenous gatherings and ways of information exchange particularly in rural areas. However, the society and members of EDA did not exploit the venues for the purpose of exchanging diabetes messages extensively. The results showed the need for improved and target oriented information and education materials as well as disseminated programs on diabetes through mass media including broadcast and print media. Although association leaders, active members, decisio n makers, religious leaders living with it, and health professionals working in the area are credible sources of information, they are not targeted to address diabetes message properly. In general, designing sound communi cation strategies for the prevention and control of chronic NCDs in general and diabetes in particular has to be important to constitute the shared commitment and consensus among the government, partners and stakeholders on the strategic directions to prevent and control the main chronic diseases and their risk factors . The proposed strategies developed by the Federal Ministry of Health should provide the framework for partners and stakeholders towards a common goal. Besides, addressing environmental, psychological and structural problems is found to be equally important.
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    A Study on How Some Newspapers Sustain the Challenging Private Press Milieu in Ethiopia: Reporter and Addis Admas in Focus
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Wondwossen Girma ; Zenebe Beyene
    The history of the press in Ethiopia goes as far back as the second half of the 19th century. In spite of its long history, the press is still in its infancy materially, professionally and economically. Other than serving the public interest, the press has been muzzled by successive governments to serve their interests. Even at times when the grips of the state have become moderate, the majority of the private press in its earlier days opted to serve political interests whose ramifications sustain to this day creating a polarized press environment. The polarization of the private press in turn has resulted in many negative consequences which culminate in jeopardizing its very existence. As a result, in the last couple of decades, the private media market in Ethiopia has seen the coming and going of hundreds of private newspapers where only a handful of them have sustained over a decade. This research had the objective of investigating and explaining factors responsible for the survival of those few newspapers focusing on Reporter and Addis Admas thereby implicating how and why the others vanished from the market. In order to address its objectives, the research has been generally informed by the Political Economy Theory. Among the models that can be included in the theory, Polarized Pluralist Model and the Political Economy of the Mass Media, Propaganda Model, have been selected. Triangulation of data in the realm of qualitative research method employing in-depth interview and document analysis has been employed. Thirteen key informants representing the surviving and defunct newspapers, media associations, media researchers and/or scholars and a government representative have been purposely selected. In addition, convemence sampling has been used to analyze available documents. The findings of this research have revealed two things. Firstly, they have ascertained previous research findings about the existence of multiple challenges that have kept the private sector fragile and prone to extinction. Secondly and mainly, despite the existence of a myriad of challenges in the sector, factors that have helped the survival of Reporter and Addis Admas have been uncovered. These are professionalism, discharging roles and responsibilities, maintaining independence, getting access to ads and decreasing the likelihood of charges by maneuvering responsibly and defending the unavoidable ones likewise. The findings imply that in order to survive the challenging private press situation in Ethiopia, the press needs to work in a professional and responsible manner avoiding confrontational approach with the government. This does not mean that the press should not be critical to the governn1ent; rather, it should present its criticisms constructively but not in a hostile intent as it has been proven counterproductive.