Browsing by Author "Yonas Tariku"

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    Ethiopia’s Security Predicaments: The Interplay of Domestic and External Vulnerabilities and Threats
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-10) Yonas Tariku; Asnake Kefale(PhD)
    The literature on the national security of states that are commonly known as developing, Third World, fragile, or weak states asserts that their security concerns are domestically generated. And, where they are located next to each other in a region, there is little or no security dynamics as they lack the capacity to threaten one another. Due to this reason, their national security is confined to the domestic dimension and the external/regional security dynamics is generally dull. Building on this body of knowledge but challenging its claims about the external dimension, this dissertation unravels the question that if the domestic dimension of (in)security trumps the external, as the available literature indicates, what are the major sources Ethiopia’s security predicament as defined, framed, and addressed by the state/regime? Based on this, the dissertation, anchored on Subaltern Realism complemented by Regional Security Complex Theory, finds that: (a) Ethiopia’s security predicament is generated by the low levels of sociopolitical cohesion or national integration and political legitimacy accompanied by recurrent internal political violence, and hence, domestic insecurity dilemma; (b) despite the above, the external dimension of (in)security has also been important, and the domestic insecurity dilemma does not always trump the external, and (c) the above create a pattern of interplay between the domestic and external dimensions of (in)security inextricably linking Ethiopia’s national security with that of the stability and security of its neighbours in particular and the region in general. Adopting a constructivist research paradigm and qualitative case study design, data for this dissertation is generated/collected through primary and secondary sources including key informant interviews, the use of newspapers as open-archives, document reviews, and published and unpublished materials.
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    Ethiopla s Role in the United Nations Security Council
    (Addis Ababa University, 2029-10) Tesfaye Gebremicheal; Yonas Tariku
    The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is the most powerful international institution in the history of the nation-state system. It is predominately becoming an influential body in global politics where member states are contributing their respective shares in copious world affairs. In the case of Ethiopia, despite the fact that it had been elected three times as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council in the past; little is known about its roles, activities and overall practices in the Council. In this respect, this study intends to explore the role of Ethiopia in the UN Security Council, primarily focusing on its aspirations, voting behaviors and rationales behind its votes on Security Council Resolutions. In addition, it appraises the basic Security Council reform issues, and presents an assessment of the major reform proposals (the 2005 UN High Level Panel Report, the Group of Four and the Africa Union proposals) in line with Ethiopia’s stances as well as its level of eligibility for a permanent seat in the Security Council. To achieve the objectives of the thesis, the researcher employed a qualitative methodological approach. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data were collected via key informant interview with higher officials, senior diplomats as well as other pertinent experts in the area of the study, while the secondary data were collected from books, journal articles, the Ethiopian Ministry of Foreign Affairs database, and United Nations mission reports as well as internet resources. Since the data gathered are essentially of qualitative nature, the researcher employed qualitative data analysis techniques. The study argues that Ethiopia’s voting behavior is more or less consistent in regard to protecting its national interest as well as promoting the African agenda, while it is partially consistent as regards to global issues with its declared foreign policy. Furthermore, it pursues a hedging position with the permanent members, cooperates with the elected members, and aligns with fellow African representatives in the Council. The findings of the study revealed that Ethiopia, as part of fulfilling its international responsibility, has adopted a strict legalist approach to Security Council affairs. The country corporately supports the reform of the Security Council, and also it has been found out to be leading, among the African comparator’s group, for the aspired two African permanent seats in the Security Council. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of revising the existing foreign policy and framing a uniform international legal behavior as well as well-articulated guiding principles. Generally, it has been suggested that there are works yet to be done, including image building and diplomatic works aiming at enhancing the role of the country in the UN Security Council
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    The Geopolitical Dynamics of the Horn of Africa: Security Implications for Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2025-12-01) Nahom Berhanu; Yonas Tariku
    This study examines the contemporary geopolitical dynamics of the Horn of Africa (HoA) and their security implications for Ethiopia post 2018. First chapter deals with critical elements such as statement of the problem, research questions and research design. In this chapter it was identified that the Horn remains one of the most volatile regions in the world, marked by overlapping internal and inter-state conflicts, fragile political transitions, and intense involvement of external powers. In the second chapter review of relevant literature of contemporary Horn book chapters, peer reviewed journals, articles and so on were provided. Third chapter dealt with Regional Security Complex (RSC) theory as a framework with which the thesis was guided by. The Horn as a complex in regards to Middle East Complex and sub complex was discussed including what Ethiopia’s place in the whole Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Horn of Africa security arena. The following chapter outlined methodological approach. Primary data collected from five key informants was presented and discussed in the fourth chapter. And the final chapter presented findings that revealed that the region’s security landscape is shaped by the competing interests of traditional powers, particularly the United States and China, as well as the growing involvement of Middle Eastern states such as the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey. The research identifies that Ethiopia’s internal instability and evolving foreign policy since 2018 have further complicated its regional posture. The study concludes that sustainable peace and stability in the Horn depend on strengthening collective regional institutions, especially IGAD, and ensuring that Ethiopia’s foreign policy prioritizes internal cohesion, cooperative regional engagement, and resilience against external manipulation
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    The Role of Ethiopian Reconciliation Commission (ERC) for Restorative Justice: Challenges and Prospects
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-12) Seyoum Getu; Yonas Tariku
    This study assessed the prospects and challenges of the Ethiopian Reconciliation Commission (ERC). Also, it explores the need for reconciliation in the context of Ethiopia and major rational that necessitate the establishment of the commission. A qualitative research methodology employing an exploratory research design approach was used in the study. In-depth interviews with key informants were deployed as a major source of data collection. Three basic categories of the society from different profession and political affiliation were enrolled as key informants; namely, academicians, politicians and government officials and members of the Ethiopia Reconciliation Commission. A purposive sampling technique was deployed. The study explored those historical narratives, historical injustices, and ethnic extremism are important national issues in Ethiopia that necessitate the establishment of the reconciliation commission. Although efforts were made to clarify and consolidate the ERC’s institutional and legal frameworks, and to implement some key activities, it was found to be unsatisfactory as it was still grappling with several challenges. The ERC faced several challenges with respect to standard parameters like institutional setup, legal framework, and composition of commissioners. For the betterment of the commission in its future endeavor, the current mandate of the commission should be more specific, and its institutional setup and member composition has to be revisited, and its powers, capabilities and independence must be enhanced.