Browsing by Author "Yihunew Yalelet"

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    The Magnitude of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Biofilm Production, and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Patients Visited at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-07) Yihunew Yalelet; Desta Kassu; Teklebirhan Gebreab ; Asmamaw,Asege
    Background: Urinary tract infections refer to the presence of microbial pathogens within the urinarytract (urethra, bladder, ureters, or kidneys). Self-replicating microbial biofilm population that is pollutedby indwelling medical equipment, such as catheters, is a major contributor to nosocomial infections. Onthe surfaces of indwelling medical devices, a complex bacterial colony known as a bacterial biofilmproduces an extracellular polysaccharide matrix. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are one ofthe most common hospital-acquired illnesses. Objective: To determine the magnitude of catheter-associated urinary tract infection, biofilm producingbacteria, and their antibiotic resistance among patients urinary tract infection at Yekatit 12 HospitalMedical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Across-sectional study was conducted to determine the magnitude of catheter-associated urinary tract infection, biofilm production, and antibiotic resistance. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect data on catheter-associated urinary tract infections, which were collected betweenDecember 2022 and May 2023 from catheter urine. The microbiology laboratory received the catheterurine samples right away for isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria. The presumptiveisolates of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were further identified using a variety of gram-staining and biochemical techniques. The disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobialsusceptibility pattern of the isolates, and the microtiter (96-well plate) method was used to screen for theformation of biofilms by measuring optical density at 630 nm using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay reader using. Results: The prevalence of bacterial pathogens was 54% among the 270 study participants suspected ofurinary tract infections related to catheter use. Pseudomonas spp. 23 (15.8%) and E.coli 41 (28%) werethe two most common bacterial isolates. The most prevalent isolate of gram-positive bacteria was S.aureus 23 (15.8%). For gram-positive bacteria, cefotaxime and penicillin both demonstrated an increasein antibiotic resistance (75.6% and 71.7%, respectively). The overall percentage of isolates thatdeveloped biofilms was 61%, with E. coli (43.9%), pseudomonas spp. (69.6%), CONs (57.9%), andCitrobacter spp. (100%), all of which created robust biofilms. Conclusion: Bacterial isolates were widely distributed among catheter-related infections. The majorityof bacterial isolates were at least partially antibiotic-resistant.