Browsing by Author "Tsegaye Wondwossen"

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    Comparative Assessment of factors Affecting Journalist’s Freedom in Ethiopia: The Case of Ahadu Radio and Fana FM.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-09) Tsegaye Wondwossen ; Amanuel Abdissa
    This research paper aims to assess the factors that influence journalist’s freedom in the media houses by comparing two commercial media. The reasons that initiated the researcher to study on the factors affecting journalistic freedom is that while the media has a responsibility to provide information to the community and Media versions of reality have the potential to influence public opinion and decision making processes the researcher observe, the coverage of different poltical and social topics in the selected media house (Ahadu radio and Fana FM) are unalike intermes of journalistic principle, after the country political change (reform). Therefore who has and who does not have access to the media and can make their voice heard is a crucial question with serious political consequences. The study is free from any personal opinion and follows a research principle. To address the research objective purposive and proportional sampling technique was used. The respondents were selected based on their better understanding for the subject and based on their work experience. From the total population 89 sampled journalists were selected. 89 questioners were distributed. Among 89 questionnaires about 85 respondents were accurately filled. Data gathered were analyzed based on these 85 responses using SPSS 23 software package. Descriptive statistics research approach was employed. All out puts were reported using frequency. The result indicates that both media analysis indicates that Government Intervention, Journalist are afraid of prison and threat commonly affect journalist freedom. However, editor interference affects journalist freedom in Fana FM than Ahadu radio. Ahadu radio uses journalist observation for its news sources than Fana FM radio. Ahadu radio uses people’s view and public issues for its news source but Fana FM did not use peoples view. Ahadu radio uses different professionals view for its news source but Fana FM could not frequently use different professionals view as its news sources. The study recommended that Fana FM radio must amend and revise media’s editorial policies, and revising rules and regulations of media. Fana FM radio must reduce editors’ role in selecting what journalists select to cover the news story, or rather that the editors select the story for journalist they must engage in developing the story the best level. The government officials also must give sufficient information for different private media For the Freedom of journalist
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    Prevalence of Bacterial Contamination and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern among Blood and Blood Components Collected with and without Diverging Method at Armed Forces Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-11) Tsegaye Wondwossen; Bitew Adane
    Background: Transfusion of bacterial contaminated blood and blood components couldbe a cause of morbidity and mortality. Understanding the mechanism of blood contamination is important in developing infection control strategy. Objectives: To determine prevalence of bacterial contamination and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among blood and blood components collected with and withoutdiverging method. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was done from January to April 2018 on blood and blood components collected with and without diverging method at the studyarea. A total of 376 blood sample of blood and blood components were taken. 3 ml ofsamples from each was inoculated on 15 ml Brain Heart Infusion followed by incubationfor seven days at 37oC then after subculture on Sheep Blood Agar, MacConkey Agar andChocolate Agar. Finally, the antimicrobial susceptibility test was done for each isolate.Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. P ≤ 0.05 wasstatistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of bacterial contamination among blood and blood components were 4.5% (N= 17/376). The prevalence of bacterial contamination of blood and blood components collected with the non-diverging and diverging method was 7.4%(n= 14/188) and 1.6 %( n= 3/188) respectively with P value of 0.05. Staphylococcusepidermidis were the most dominate isolates. Gram positive isolates showed more than74% sensitive for antibiotics and also became more than 9% resistant. Most gramnegative isolates became sensitive but Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistant for Gentamicin.29.4% (n= 5/17) isolated bacteria were multidrug resistant. Conclusion: There was a difference between bacterial contamination in blood and blood components collected between diverging and non-diverging blood collection methods.