Browsing by Author "Tsegaye, Mulugeta"
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Item Assessment of Sexual and Reproductive Health Communication Practice and Associated Factors Among Female Undergraduate Students of Wolaita Sodo University, Southern Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2015-02) Tsegaye, Mulugeta; Demssie, Asrat ( Assistant Professor)Introduction: Students of higher learning institutions are assets of the society and change agents in filling the gap in the past and on whom the future generation is based. Communication about sexuality and sexual matters is more important perhaps now than any other time. This is because youths are affected with the burden of unwanted pregnancy and its complication, HIV/AIDS, STI, and other sexual and reproductive ill-health to a greater extent. Objective: This study is aiming at assessing undergraduate female students ’ communication on SRH issues with their partners and associated factors. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 815 wolaita sodo university undergraduate female students by using a structured self-administer questionnaire. Stratified cluster sampling was used. Simple random sampling was used to select the departments from each faculty in the university. Finally, the study subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Result: The majority of the students 786 (96.4%) reported that it is important to discuss sexual and reproductive health with partner. However, only seven hundred seventeen (85 %) of the students had discussed with their partner on at least two topics of sexual and reproductive issues. In bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, age, academic year, knowledge on SRH issue and attitude on SRH issues were predictors of students’ communication on SRH issues. Students with age group 20-24 were less likely to communicate on SRH issues than age group 25 and above (AOR=0.210, 95%CI: 0 .095 -0.463). There is also significant association between student’s academic year and communication on SRH issues. Year five students were more likely to communicate than year one students (AOR= 9.03, 95% CI: 2.907-28.032) Communication on SRH issues was also significantly associated with having knowledge about SRH issues and attitude about those issues (AOR= 4.02, 95% CI: 2.519-6.410) and (AOR=7.851, 95% CI: 4.455-13.836) respectively. Conclusion and Recommendation In this study majority of the students reported that it is important to discuss sexual and reproductive health with partner. Although a small number of the participants reported to have iscussed SRH matters with their parent/s, much greater were preferred to discuss with their friends/peers than parents. This shows that Sexual and RH related issues continue to be socio cultural taboos among both young people and their parents. Therefore, strategies to enhance and Improve open communication on sexual and reproductive health between parents and students, as well as peer-to-peer education in schools, should be developed and strengthened as a means of increasing awareness about SRH issues. Key words university female students partner communication parent communication peer - peer communication sexual and reproductive health communication practiceItem Impacts of Improved Agricultural Technologies Adoption on Multidimensional Welfare Indicators in Rural Ethiopia(A.A.U, 2020-06) Tsegaye, Mulugeta; Profess Edilegnaw, Wale; Dr. Wassie, Berhanu; Professor Almas, Heshmati; Dr. Zerayehu, SimeThis thesis consists of an introduction, one Co-authored paper and three independent single-author papers. This thesis discusses the importance of improved agricultural technologies and improved practices on multidimensional welfare in Rural Ethiopia. The introduction gives a brief summary of the four papers which form the thesis. In the first stage, a meta-analysis was done to identify the gaps in literature and learn more about the linkages between improved agricultural technologies and welfare. The papers are held together by concepts and theories associated with farm households’ adoption of modern agricultural technologies, linkages between the indicators of multidimensional welfare and technology through an impact analysis in a program evaluation setting and unobservable behavior of the factors in the adoption-welfare context. Chapter 2 (Paper 1) does a meta-analysis of improved agricultural technologies and their impact on welfare in Africa. The meta-analysis considers the results of a study of a sample of 52 empirical estimates that investigated the impact of improved agricultural technologies in Africa with a focus on three key outcomes: output or expenditure, food security, and poverty. The results show that differences in the reported impact of technologies can be attributed to several factors such as data type, model specification, theories, sample size, study area, and journal type. The study also used a test for publication bias and observed no publication bias in general. The next two chapters (Papers 2 and 3) focus on linking multidimensional poverty, food security and child nutrition with improved agricultural technologies. Paper 2 examines the impact of adopting improved agricultural technologies on multidimensional poverty through two powerful impact evaluation techniques--propensity score matching and endogenous switching regression methods--for measuring the causal inference and the Alkire and Foster counting approach for measuring the multidimensional poverty index. The results of the empirical analysis show that adoption of technology reduced overall and living standards’ deprivation scores while there were regional variations in the impact of the technology; a high reduction in deprivation was observed in Amhara region followed by the Oromiya region. Across deprivation groups the impact was higher in the severely deprived households. Paper 3 discusses the impact of improved agricultural technologies on food security and child nutrition using a panel data through a two-ways fixed effect combined with the propensity score matching and endogenous treatment effect techniques. This paper links adoption-nutrition which has been partly neglected by most existing studies. It uses four different outcomes: consumption expenditure, child nutrition, food shortages, and household worries about food availability. The results of the first two outcome variables show that adoption had a significant positive impact while the impact of the remaining two outcomes shows that improved agricultural technologies did not affect welfare. 2 The last paper links improved agricultural technologies to women’s empowerment in the context of impact evaluation relying on a panel data analysis and employing differences-in-differences and propensity score matching techniques in a program evaluation setting. This is a new setting in the agriculture sector. It applies the Abbreviated Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index and its two components--five domains of the Empowerment and Gender Parity Index for measuring empowerment. The findings show that technology improved women’s empowerment through five domains of empowerment, but not through the gender parity index, which implies that empowerment is derived more from its five domains.Item Information technology's contribution to the improvement of product quality in manufacturing firms of Ethiopia" Under(A.A.U, 2006-07) Tsegaye, Mulugeta; Tilahun, Teklu(Dr)For the today's market competition customer's satisfaction is almost the major concern of market participants. Basically customers need to be satisfied through the products quality that they are consuming. Manufacturers to improve their product quality are now advised to implement information technology in their manufacturing process. However, since there are literatures mainly focusing on information technology's contribution to firm's overall performance and financial performance only, this project extends its scope to address the contribution that information technology has for products quality. With this aim, firms are contacted and the result found shows that the use of information technology is significantly contributing to the products quality through its involvement in manufacturing process