Browsing by Author "Teshome Tafesse (PhD)"
Item Challenges of Micro and Small-Scale Enterprises in Adiss Ababa: In Case of Akaki Kality Sub-City(Addis Ababa University, 2022-06) Hanna Tilaye; Teshome Tafesse (PhD)Micro and Small-Scale Enterprises (MSE) are important in almost all developing economies in the world, which is characterized by unemployment, import dependency, and income distribution challenges. The study investigated evidence on the occurrence of challenges of Micro and small-scale enterprises, that were different from one place to another place from the survey of 170 sample data collected from three wederas. This study covered MSEs around Akaki Kality Sub-city area in Addis Ababa. The study was confined to the service and manufacturing provision of Akaki Kality MSEs sectors, using mixed methods research. On top of that, the study area was chosen because of its better center of industrial business activities in the capital city. The general objective of this study was to assess the Challenges of micro and small scale enterprises in the case of Akaki kality sub-city, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative data. Also, it was used descriptive and inferential statistics to assess the Challenges of a micro and small-scale enterprise. Furthermore, the major factors that affect the growth of MSEs are sufficient capital, adequate market, Customer attitudes; shortages of premises, quality of the product, shortage of raw materials, poor planning, and lack of sufficient capital were the major challenges of MSEs in Akaki Kality Subcity. From the study result researcher recommends that government bodies must give to advance providing financial access, and working premises, create an adequate market, reduce the interest rate and give awareness to the society that affects the growth of MSEs in the city.Item Electric Vehicle Adoption in Ethiopia: Challenges and Opportunities for Green Mobility(Addis Ababa University, 2023-12) Yared Nigussie; Teshome Tafesse (PhD)Electric vehicles are crucial alternatives to create clean transportation by offering a variety of merits such as reducing air pollution, and dependency on oil. However, price, range anxiety, lack of infrastructure such as charging infrastructures are some of the barriers to ensure a swift adoption of electric vehicles. Ethiopia as a nation stands at a crossroads with regards to its transportation future. While grappling with air pollution and dependence on fossil fuels, the country also sees the potential of electric vehicles (EVs) to drive a cleaner and more sustainable mobility landscape. This study delves into the intricate dynamics of EV adoption in Ethiopia, analyzing the challenges hindering and opportunities propelling this transition. Ambitious government targets, Ethiopia's abundant renewable energy resources for instance hydropower and geothermal, cost-effective and environmentally friendly mode of the transportation, financial savings and reductions in energy consumption and harmful emissions are among the prospects of EVs adoption. This study employed a qualitative approach combined with a data analysis of charging infrastructure availability, range anxiety, and government policies with methods such as interviews with key stakeholders and surveys to assess users’ perception. Both inductive and deductive analysis methods were employed in this study. Geographically, the study is confined to Addis Ababa city. Through a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and opportunities, this study provided a nuanced understanding of the factors influencing EV adoption in Ethiopia, identify key interventions and policy measures to accelerate the transition to electric mobility. The findings show that the main challenges of the adoption of electric vehicles in the first place are high upfront cost of electric vehicles, which is responded by 25% of the respondents. Limited charging infrastructure is being identified by 16.7% of respondents as a major conundrum to adopt the vehicles. Lack of awareness and knowledge among the population is another factor that limited the adoption of electric vehicles, according to 16.67% of respondents. High import taxes, limited charging infrastructure and inadequate policies such as absence of regulations to build and administer charging infrastructures are among the factors that are hindering swift adoption of electric vehicles. The study concludes that Ethiopia can leapfrog old systems and embrace EVs, leading in development and avoiding used gasoline cars. Overall, EV adoption promises a positive impact on future sustainability and efficiency. To encourage EV adoption in Ethiopia, the study recommends financial incentives such as reducing the purchase costs through tax breaks, subsidies, and above all customs exemptions, build charging stations, especially fastcharging options, and incentivize their installation. Non-financial incentives on the other hand includes dedicated parking, green zones, and other benefits for EVs.Item Public-Private Partnership: An Innovative Financing Strategy for Affordable Housing in Addis Ababa City Administration(Addis Ababa University, 2025-05) Girma Birhanu; Teshome Tafesse (PhD); Tesfaye Zeleke (PhD)The challenges associated with providing housing in urban centers have turned in to an overwhelming burden due to the lack of financing capacity of local governments. Nowadays, countries have considered the private sector’s involvement to finance housing provision through Public-Private Partnership arrangement. In Ethiopia the efforts of affordable housing provision exacerbated by the financing shortage and the soaring inflation which requires policy attention. Whereas, the increasing demand for housing due to rapid urbanization and population growth made the efforts of housing provision a difficult task. Although, Addis Ababa City Administration has been trying to tackle housing shortage over the past twenty years through Integrated Housing Development Program the achievement was far behind the target set by the city. Recognizing this drawback, the city has decided to engage the private sector in the efforts of housing provision through the Public-Private Partnership arrangement. The study adopted a pragmatic philosophical approach. Moreover, sequential mixed explanatory approach was utilized to get into the insights from the large number of respondents through surveys, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the theme through qualitative data. The findings of the study shown the project initiation, resource allocation, and signing of the contract document were areas of good performance. However, lack of participatory risk identification, failure in clearly identifying the deliverables, and the delay in starting the construction were weakness observed. Moreover, private partner’s engagement shown lack of transparent competitive procurement which fails to reflect the true offering of the market. On the other hand, the partnership effort faced challenges like funding constraints, lack of targeted incentives, weak institutional capacity, and the private sector’s inability to raise the initial 30% of the project cost. Likewise, with regards to finance and risk sharing Public-Private Partnership appears a feasible financing option. Finally, the research recommended the implementation of Transparent Land Based Housing Financing Model. To achieve efficiency in the public-Private Partnership implementation ensuing competitive procurement, enhancing institutional capacity and participatory risk sharing strategy are emphasized.Item Role of Industrial Parks on Economic Competitiveness, Social Inclusiveness, and Environmental Protection in Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Mengistu Walelegn; Teshome Tafesse (PhD); Firew Mengistu (PhD)This dissertation investigated the Role of Industrial Parks in Advancing Economic Competitiveness, creating shared prosperity, and Safeguarding the Environment in Ethiopia based on United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO, 2019c) evaluation indicators. Utilizing cross-sectional study design, the required quantitative data were collected from 395 randomly selected management and technical staff of enterprises operating within public and private industrial parks (IPs) through selfadministered questionnaire. The required qualitative data were collected from 14 key informants using in depth interview. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Binary Logistic Regression models, and IPPI while qualitative data using thematic analysis. The quantitative analysis indicates that various indicators that flourished due to IPs development such as open competitive tender systems, infrastructure development, maintenance services, job creation, and exports of processed goods have significantly enhanced advancing economic competitiveness. Similarly, the study underscores the significant contributions of safety measures, faith facilities, incident response center, emergency preparedness, annual social performance reports, accessible fire services, complaint handling, salary of employees, the proportion of female in the workforce, and low employees’ turnover in creating shared prosperity objective. On the other hand, the selection of environmentally suitable sites, wastewater treatment, segregated recycling reception bins, and operator’s possession of ISO14001 certification in IPs also enhance environmental safeguarding significantly. However, the study identifies factors that hindered the achievement of Advancing Economic Competitiveness, Shared prosperity, and safeguarding the Environment objectives in Ethiopia for rational planning of IPs and urgent policy interventions. These include challenges related to water supply reliability, limited repair, rectification, and restoration services for utilities, access to financial support, human resources recruitment and training services, and lower foreign direct investment (FDI) to total investment ratio in IPs compared to national average level hinder economic competitiveness significantly. Moreover, the social performance objective was hampered significantly by high average higher average commute time for employees to IPs, inefficient social role management ii system in place, limited number of firms with ISO45001 certification, and gender-based wage differentials in IPs. Besides, it is important to highlight that factors related to occupational health and safety were the main constraints that hamper IP’s role in social inclusivity. Last but not least, challenges related to solid wastes, toxic, and hazardous wastes management system, low level solar street lighting, and not performing annual environment audit on each firm operating in IPs had statistically significant negative effect on environmental stewardship. Accordingly, despite the aforementioned challenges, this dissertation concludes the significant role of Industrial Parks (IPs) in Ethiopia in advancing economic competitiveness, shared prosperity, and safeguarding the environment. Therefore, this dissertation recommends improvement of reliability of water supply, repair services, access to financial support; and design mechanisms to attract more foreign direct investment (FDI) in IPs to boost Ethiopia’s economic competitiveness. Moreover, the government and stakeholders need also to prioritize enhancing occupational health and safety, addressing gender wage differentials, and improving health facilities in IPs to promote creating shared prosperity. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of enterprises adhering to national environmental laws and regulations as well as installing solar street lighting and improving capacity for solid waste, toxic, and hazardous waste management in IPs will also enhance environmental stewardship.Item The Effect of Work Environment on Employee Performance: The Case of Beautifying Sheger Project(Addis Ababa University, 2022-06) Endashaw Belachew; Teshome Tafesse (PhD)The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of work environment on employee performance in the case of Beautifying Sheger Project. It also tried to examine the impact of physical work place environment aspects, reward aspects of the job, and training and development opportunities in the work place, work life balance on the performance of these employees. Quantitative research approach with explanatory research design was adopted in carrying out this research. A survey method was used to gather data from the employees, after questionnaire data were collected, percentage, frequency, mean and standard deviation were used as a tool for descriptive methodology as well as regression and correlation analysis was used from inferential statistics. Convenience sampling was used to select the specific individuals. The correlational results of this study showed that physical work place environment (r = .122), reward aspects of the work (r= .643) and work- life balance have been were positively and significantly related with performance of employees of Beautifying Sheger Project. The study also found working conditions are important factor of overall perceived performance of for employees of Beautifying Sheger Project. In addition, the regression model resulted that, 53.3% of variance in employees’ performance is due to work environment conditions (Physical work place environment, Reward aspects of the work, Training and development opportunities and Work- life balance). Moreover, it can be observed from the results of this study that working conditions correlation with performance of employees. This paper suggests the project managers to work towards improving working environment and building good relationships with their employees. This friendly and positive interaction of employees will craft innovative and creative staff.