Browsing by Author "Teshome, Enishaw"

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    Gender-Based Violence and its Association with Mental Health among Women with and Without Disability in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-08) Teshome, Enishaw; Kumar, R. Sreevalsa (PhD)
    Gender based violence (GBV) is a devastating problem for women in general, but it is more dreadful among women with disabilities (WWD). The extent of GBV and its association with mental health among WWDs and women without disabilities (WWODs) are almost unexplored issues even at global level. Thus, the current study explored the extent of GBV and its association with mental health among WWOD and WWD in Addis Ababa. For this purposes, 303 WWDs and 170 WWODs were selected by using simple random sampling technique. WHO GBV assessment instrument, PHQ-9, PTSD Checklist-Civilian version, STAI and Rosenberg self-esteem scale were the instruments used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and MANOVA followed by univarate ANOVA post-hoc comparison followed by independent samples t-test. The aggregate result of GBV revealed that, 84.1% of WWDs and 76.48% of WWODs experienced at least one element of GBV during their life time. Similarly, 76.56% of WWDs and 60% of WWODs experienced GBV during the last twelve months. In addition, 79.2%, 72.6% and 63.7% of WWDs experienced psychological, sexual and physical violence respectively during their life time. For WWODs, 65.9%, 51%, and 50% experienced psychological, physical and sexual violence respectively during their life time. Regarding GBV and mental health problems and self-esteem, more number of WWDs and WWODs who experienced GBV met the criteria for depression, anxiety, and PTSD and also lower self-esteem than their non-abused counterparts. Result from MANOVA revealed that there was statistically significant difference in depression, state-anxiety, and PTSD among WWD who experienced and did not experience GBV. In addition, there was statistically significant difference between WWD and WWOD who experienced GBV only for self-esteem mean scores but not for depression, state-anxiety, trait-anxiety and PTSD. Finally, there was no statistically significant difference between women living with visual, hearing and physical disability for the five dependent variables. Implications of the findings are explored against prevention, remediation, and rehabilitation of WWD and WWOD who have been physically, sexually and psychologically abused.
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    Perceived Barriers to Undergo Voluntary, Hiv Counseling and Testing Among Sudanese Women Refugees in Pugnido Refugee Camp
    (Addis Ababa University, 2008-06) Teshome, Enishaw; Zeleke, .Sileshi (PhD)
    The major purpose of the study was to identify the significant perceived barriers of women reji/gees to undergo voluntmy HIV counseling and testing (VCT). Additionally knowledge of the study participants about VCT and their al/ilude towards the potential benefits of VCT were explored. To collect data from the respondents, a structured questionnaire that comprised of knowledge, al/ilude and perceived barrier ilems was administered. To supplement the quantitative data gathered through the questionnaire, focus group discussion was held with 15 samples. Percentage, t-test and chi-square were used to analyze the quantitative data. In/ormation obtained ./i"om .facus grullp discussion was analyzed qualitatively. The results indicated that knowledge of women refl/gees about VCT was relatively insufficient to undergo the service as well as ahollt its potential benefits and their al/itl/de towards the services was inclined to negative. The important harriers among women refl/gees to undergo VCT were found multidimensional. Among these barriers, fear of stigma and discrimination ji'om the refugee community was the principal problem. Also, negative al/itude ()/the community towardl' Hfll positive peoples was the other harrier. Moreover, unwillingness of' partners to be tested together, absence ()/ care and support services and antiretroviral medicine fiJr Htv positive people were obstacles to undergo VCT MTCT program in the camp, cultllral barriers and limited male involvement in vcr service, absence oj' open discussion about HIli/AIDS and VCT in the refugee community, fear of won)', stress, andfear of rejection if the result is positive were also identified as barriers that hindered women refugees to undergo VCT Based on the findings, recommendations were made.