Browsing by Author "Tesfaye Mahlet"

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    Validation of Amharic Version of Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) among Patients Admitted to ICU at two Centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional prospective study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-05) Tesfaye Mahlet; Alferid Fetiya; Hulala Faiza
    Background: Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) is a widely accepted, easily available, and quick tool for assessment of delirium in ICU. Globally, multiple studies had been conducted to cross culturally translate and validate the tool in order to make it fit to the local setting. However, to the best of the author knowledge, it has not been cross- culturally translated and validated into Amharic language. Therefore this study aims to bridge the gap. Objective: The study aimed to assess the Validity of Amharic Version of Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) among patients admitted to adult ICU in two centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method and materials: Institution based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at theintensive care unit of Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital and Menelik-II hospital. A total of 132 eligible patients were included in the study. Data were collected by Nurses and resident physician using Google form from 1-December-2023 to 30-April-2024. Data analysis was done using to SPSS V.27. Descriptive analyses were done using frequency and percentage for categorical variables and mean with standard deviation for continuous variables. Reliability,inter-rater reliability (k), and acceptability of the tool was assessed. Result: Translation to Amharic version was done by group of experts including anesthesiologists, psychiatrists, language experts, and the primary investigator ensuring content and face validity. A total of 132 patients participated in this study with a response rate of 95.65%. The Amharic version of CAM-ICU had high acceptance (100%), good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha=0.718), and substantial inter-rater agreement (k=0.762). 11(8.3%) and7(5.3%) patients were diagnosed with delirium by doctors and nurses respectively using CAM-ICU Amharic. Moreover, 7(5.3%) patients were diagnosed with delirium concurrently by both physicians and nurses. Conclusion: Amharic version of CAM-ICU is an acceptable, valid, and reliable tool to assess delirium in ICU. Utilization of CAM-ICU Amharic in clinical practice after provision of proper training would enable better detection of delirium in ICU.
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    Water Sensitive Urban Design for Invironmnetal Quality Improvement of Rivers in Addis Ababa: the Case of Finicha River
    (Addis Ababauniversity, 2015-06) Tesfaye Mahlet; Assefa, Alazar
    Nearly all urban areas developed on riverbanks. For centuries, people have settled along rivers for the purpose of irrigation, transportation, water supply, etc. Rivers are also important source of food for people settled close to their banks. Intensive usages of rivers by human beings for the aforementioned purposes have resulted in the loss of aquatic fauna and flora. This is true for Ethiopia as well. Specially, in Addis Ababa, rivers and riversides are neglected places where solid and liquid wastes are dumped. Additionally, it is also a place for legal and illegal settlers. For this reason, the riparian areas along the city’s rivers were shrinking in size, and there are no greenways along the city’s Rivers. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to develop design strategies by testing on a specific site. In order to achieve the objective, cross-sectional study method is selected. This method is chosen because it examines one specific site, while several outcomes are expected at the same time. In addition, study area was selected based on location, land use, exposure to flood and river pollution using purposive sampling techniques. During the study, it is found that the factors for shrinking of the riparian zones of case area are population growth; settlements along the riverbanks; waste dumping site; lack of awareness and coordination as well as inadequate manpower. Furthermore, the factors that increase flood damage and river pollution of the study area are absence of Stormwater Management Practices (SMPs); due to lack of coordination among different concerned Institutions such as AAEPA, MUDC, CBGB,OAAOSZIDP as well as disposal of solid and liquid wastes around the river. There are no greenways along the river. For these reasons, Finicha River is not suitable for the community of the study area. Therefore, the concerned bodies should take appropriate action as soon as possible. There should be coordination among the concerned sectors. In addition, SMPs should be incorporated into built environments such as buildings, road, parking areas and open spaces. Site-specific design solutions should be provided with a view to having urban river spaces that are accessible, attractive and environmentally sound