Browsing by Author "Tesfaye Biruk"

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    Anesthetists Knowledge, Practices and Associated Factors to wards Infection Prevention in Addis Ababa Public Hospitals, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Alemayehu Terefe; Tesfaye Biruk ; W/Yohannes Misrak
    Background: Position related soft tissue injuries are the cause of additional suffering for surgical patients, increase hospital stay and treatment costs. Though its prevalence is under reported, its consequences range from acute mild injuries to lifelong disabilities. Objective: To assess magnitude and associated factors of position related soft tissue injuries among elective adult surgical patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa. Method: An institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 292 elective adult surgical patients at Tikur Anbesa specialized hospital from January 1, 2021 to May 30,2021. Systematic random sampling technique was used and data collected by pre tested questionnaire through data retrieval from chart and observation in the PACU. Both bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analysis were done to evaluate the association between dependent and independent variables. Level of statistical significance was decided at p-value less than 0.05. Results: The magnitude of position related soft tissue injuries in our study was 9.6%. Body Mass Index (BMI) <18.5, Lateral position, prone position, non- use of positioning aids and duration of surgery >4 hours were found to be independently associated with position related soft tissue injury. Conclusion: Our study found that magnitude of position related soft tissue injury was 9.6%.BMI <18.5, surgery duration >4 hours, lateral positioning, prone positioning and non- use of positioning aids were an independent predisposing factors for development of position related soft tissue injury
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    Magnitude and Associated Factors of Difficult Airway in Pregnant Mothers who Underwent Caesarean Section Under General Anesthesia in all Governmental Hospitals of Addis Ababa
    (Addis Abeba University, 2016-05) Tesfaye Biruk; Abrar Meron
    Background: Difficult airway contributes to higher number of maternal morbidity and mortality attributed to anesthesia. Especially in developing countries like Ethiopia in which economical problems impart wide varieties of infrastructural challenges such as lack of appropriate facilities, equipments, highly trained anesthetists, antenatal care of pregnant women and continues and up to date trainings for the professionals who are part of the clients care. Objectives: To assess the magnitude and risk factor of difficult airway among pregnant mothers who underwent general anesthesia for caesarean section in all governmental hospitals of Addis Ababa from February 1- April 30 2016. Methods: Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted from February 1- April 30,2016 in eight governmental hospitals of Addis Ababa city that provide General Anesthesia for Caesarean section. A total of 302 participants were included in the study period. Patient demographics, airway management, difficult intubation, failed intubation were studied among participants in which general anesthesia was given. Result: The study found that the magnitude of difficulty intubation was 5.6%. The result of multivariate analysis showed that age group 25-29, 30-34, mandibular protrusion and history of exposure to anesthesia were strongly associated with difficulty intubation at p-value less than 0.05. The odd of developing difficulty intubation was five times less in mallampati class I than the odd of developing difficulty intubation in mallampati class II (AOR, 5.436, 95%C.I;.627-47.089) Conclusion: General anesthesia is most commonly used in cases where emergent delivery was needed. The magnitude of difficult intubation and failed intubation is higher in this study than studies conducted in other parts of the world. Keyword: difficult airway, difficult intubation, caesarean section, failed intubation
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    Magnitude of Position Related Soft Tissue Injuries and Associated Factors among Elective Adult Surgical Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-08) Diriba Tesfaye; W/Yohannes Misrak; Tesfaye Biruk
    Background: Position related soft tissue injuries are the cause of additional suffering for surgical patients, increase hospital stay and treatment costs. Though its prevalence is under reported, its consequences range from acute mild injuries to lifelong disabilities. Objective: To assess magnitude and associated factors of position related soft tissue injuries among elective adult surgical patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa. Method: An institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 292 elective adult surgical patients at Tikur Anbesa specialized hospital from January 1, 2021 to May 30,2021. Systematic random sampling technique was used and data collected by pre tested questionnaire through data retrieval from chart and observation in the PACU. Both bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analysis were done to evaluate the association between dependent and independent variables. Level of statistical significance was decided at p-value less than 0.05. Results: The magnitude of position related soft tissue injuries in our study was 9.6%. Body Mass Index (BMI) <18.5, Lateral position, prone position, non- use of positioning aids and duration of surgery >4 hours were found to be independently associated with position related soft tissue injury. Conclusion: Our study found that magnitude of position related soft tissue injury was 9.6%.BMI <18.5, surgery duration >4 hours, lateral positioning, prone positioning and non- use of positioning aids were an independent predisposing factors for development of position related soft tissue injury.
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    Observational Cohort Study on Effectiveness of Prophylactic Bolus Phenylephrine on the Prevention of Post-Spinal Hypotension During Elective Caesarean Section at Ghandi Memorial Hospital, From February 01/2024 to May 15/2024 G.C
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-05) G/Hiwot Gedi; Girma Betelihem; Tesfaye Biruk
    Introduction: Spinal anaesthesia owing to the perceived advantages is commonly used for caesarean section. However parturients under spinal anaesthesia frequently experience hypotension and if it is severe it can result in morbidity for both the mother and the fetus. The incidence of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section is reduced by administering intravenous fluids, drugs such as vasopressors, or by leg elevation. But in the practice of anaesthesia preventing and treating hypotension associated with spinal anaesthesia continue to be a challenging issue and there is controversy about the best way to handle it. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of prophylactic bolus phenylephrine on the prevention of post-spinal hypotension during elective caesareansection under spinal anaesthesia. Method: Observational cohort study design was conducted at Gandhi Memorial Hospital located in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia from February 01, 2024 to May 15, 2024. The sample size was determined by using the double population proportion method using manual calculator. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 27.0 was used for data analyses. Comparison of numerical data between study groups was done by using independent sample t- test for symmetrical data and Mann whitney U test was used to compare non parametrical data. Chi square test was used to compare categorical data of the group. Values are presented as mean SD for symmetric data and median (IQR) forasymmetric data. For categorical data values are presented by number percent. Significancewas determined at P value <0.05. Result: The incidence of hypotension in standard care group was 63.3% but inphenylephrine prophylactic group the incidence of hypotension was 28.6% [N: 105), P:0.004]. Starting from the induction until 25th minute, phenylephrine group had higher mean value of systolic and diastolic blood pressure than standard care group (P<0.05). Incidence of nausea, incidence of vomiting, numbers of mothers that require rescue vasopressor and total dose of rescue vasopressor were significantly different between the groups. Heart rate differences between phenylephrine and standard care group were not statistically significant Conclusion and recommendation: In conclusion, parturient undergoing elective caesarean section experienced less episode of hypotension after spinal anaesthesia when aprophylactic bolus phenylephrine was used. Administering 100 microgram of bolus phenylephrine immediately after spinal anaesthesia is recommended for better hemodynamic stability of the mothers