Browsing by Author "Tesfaw, Dejen"

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    Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards HIV/AIDS Among Youth Students From Selected Public Universities in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-05) Shanko, Werku; Tesfaw, Dejen
    HIV/AIDS has become one of the world’s most serious public health and development challenges, particularly in low and middle income countries (WHO, 2015). Estimates show that globally at the end of 2016, 36.7 million people were living with the HIV infection, 1.8 million people were newly affected and 1 million people died from HIV related illness(UNAIDS, 2017). And also, half of new infections are among young people aged 15–24 years of which majority of the newly infected young people were from eastern and southern Africa including Ethiopia (UNAIDS, 2015-2016). The main objective of the study was to identify factors that affect the knowledge, attitude and practice towards HIV/AIDS among selected public university regular students in Ethiopia. A total of 2,176 students were considered in the study. Descriptive analysis, single-level and multilevel ordinal logistic regression model were used for data analysis using socio-economic, demographic, and health related variables as independent variables and knowledge, attitude and practice towards HIV/AIDS as the dependent variable. The results of the study showed that, out of a total of the 2,176 sampled students, 172 (representing 7.9%) were not knowledgeable, 1056 (representing 48.5%) were fairly knowledgeable and 948 (representing 43.6%) were knowledgeable towards HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, out of 2,176 the sampled students, 608 (representing 27.9%) had unfavourable attitude, 1,268(representing 58.3%) had fairly favourable attitude and 300 (representing 13.8%) had favourable attitude towards HIV/AIDS, respectively. Regarding to practice of HIV/ADIS, out of the 2,176 sampled students, 1,073(49.3%) had poor practice, 656(30.1%) had medium level of practice and 447(20.5%) had good practice towards HIV/AIDS, respectively. The level-single ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that the variables that affect the students’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards HIV/AIDS in public universities of Ethiopia were “sex”, “age”, “family place of residence”, “family life status”, “family average monthly income”, “student’s pocket money”,” current sexual partner”, “mass-media contribution”, “role of university”, “peer pressure”, “using drug “, respectively. The multilevel ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that there was significant variation with regard to students’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards HIV/AIDS across the departments under investigation.
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    Determinants of Nutritional Status of Children in Ethiopia Using Multilevel Analysis
    (Addis Ababa University, 2008-06) Tesfaw, Dejen; Abegaz, Fentaw (PhD)
    TIllS study attempts to identify the determinants of nutritional status of children in Ethiopia. The study focuses on children aged less than 59 months based on data from 2005 Ethiopia Demograplllc and Heald, Survey. A total of 3095 children were included in dlls study. As the outcome measure of nutritional status, stunting (an anthropometric index of height for age) defined as a binary outcome is taken as the dependent variable. A preliminary univariate analysis was used to see the percentage share of background variables wid, respect to the nutritional status of children. In order to exarnine the clifferent factors of nutritional status, multiple logistic regressions were employed. Moreover, a multilevel logistic regression analysis is considered to identify the determinants of stunting in clllidren within regions as well as between regions. The multivariate results using three logistic regressions for urban, rural and national level samples revealed that the most important socioecononllc, demographic, health and environmental factors related to nutritional status of children are individual, parental, household and regional factors . The results inclicated that nutritional status varies across regions and urban and rural divisions. Furthermore, the results indicated that household economic status, mother's employment status, age of child, prececling birth interval and source of drinking water are some of the factors that affect nutritional status of children direcdy or indirecdy.