Browsing by Author "Teferra Solomon"

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    Assessment and Improvement of Quality of Medical Laboratory Commodity Logistics Management Information Systems in Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College
    (Addis Abeba University, 2015-06) Bilal Muhe; Betre Mulugeta; Teferra Solomon
    Background: Laboratory logistics management information system is the management of laboratory commodities in a systematic and standardized way by collecting, processing and utilizing timely logistics data to inform quantification, procurement, storage and distribution of laboratory commodities. Objectives: to assess and improve the quality of medical laboratory commodities of logistics management information system in St. Paul’s Millennium Medical College. Methodology: facility based cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted from April, 2015 to June, 2015. The data’s were collected using self administered structured questionnaire for quantitative and semi structured interviewee questionnaires was implemented for qualitative findings. Intervention and problem solving mechanism was practiced. Scope of the project: maintaining LMIS to provide quantity and quality of the laboratory commodities that was served and satisfied the community without interruption of the services through the six basic rights of logistics. Significance of the project: is to provide reliable, accurate and manageable with specified period that easily monitored and controlled use of laboratory commodities of stock status. Result: in the selected facility there was a well-functioning logistics management information system for laboratory commodities. Among the total participants 15(83.3%) of the respondents did not have in-service training on LMIS. The frequency of stock out, under stock and over stock of laboratory commodities at the time of assessment were 35.7%, 23.8% and 9.5% respectively. Conclusion: the majority of study participants have no knowledge about LMIS and monitoring the stock status of laboratory commodity. Recommendation: In-service training should provide for laboratory professionals and integration of LMIS to laboratory information system should implement to minimize the gaps.
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    Assessment of Padis Information Storage and Retrieval System: the Case of Paddev Bibliographic Database
    (Addis Ababa University, 1997-05) Teferra Solomon; Alabi G.A. (PhD)
    This thesis evaluates the performance of the different technical features of P ADdev IR system from the point of view of professional system users, who are staff members of P ADIS, requirements of development information handling, and the -state-of-the-art development in the IR technologies Features, merits and demerits of different types of databases and database development paradigms are reviewed. The development of IR technologies and IR features of ISIS packages are summarized, which highlights the deficiencies of the existing ISIS-based IR services. Search types and database formats are also discussed as factors of IR system's performance. Establishment, objectives, services and databases of PAD IS are also considered. The new IT-oriented plans of the Development Information Services Division are also discussed. The data analysis and discussion of the existing fettle of PADdev IR system shows its present IR capabilities and what would have been considered to further enhance its performance. On the basis of the conclusions drawn from the different parts of the thesis, long-range and immediate recommendations are proposed.
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    Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Schizophrenia at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-11) Yared Mahlet; Araya Mesfin; Teferra Solomon
    Introduction: Quality of life of patients living with schizophrenia has been shown to be lowercompared with those that are not affected byit,Understanding the possible contributing factors could create awareness as well as help design patient centered therapeutic interventions Objective: To determine socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics associated Quality of life of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Study participants who filled the SF-36 questionnaire were included in this study, theassociation between socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial parameters with health relatedquality of life of patients living with schizophrenia was determined. Result: The study sample consisted of 200 patients living with schizophrenia. The mean score ofthe study participants was found to be lower than the general population, the female participantsscored lower than the male and those who use substances overall score was also lower. The totalscore of PANSS showed negative association with the SF-36 domains, duration of illnessshowed no significant association with quality of life.Khat and tobacco use did not show significant association but consumption of alcohol was foundto be associated in the mental health and bodily pain domains. Conclusion: The variables Sex, occupation, PANSS total score and alcohol use showed associations with the SF-36 domains
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    Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Schizophrenia at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-11) Yared Mahlet; Araya Mesfin; Teferra Solomon
    Introduction: Quality of life of patients living with schizophrenia has been shown to be lower compared with those that are not affected by it, Understanding the possible contributing factors could create awareness as well as help design patient centered therapeutic interventions Objective: To determine socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics associated Quality of life of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Study participants who filled the SF-36 questionnaire were included in this study, the association between socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial parameters with health related quality of life of patients living with schizophrenia was determined. Result: The study sample consisted of 200 patients living with schizophrenia. The mean score of the study participants was found to be lower than the general population, the female participants scored lower than the male and those who use substances overall score was also lower. The total score of PANSS showed negative association with the SF-36 domains, duration of illness showed no significant association with quality of life.Khat and tobacco use did not show significant association but consumption of alcohol was found to be associated in the mental health and bodily pain domains. Conclusion: The variables Sex, occupation, PANSS total score and alcohol use showed associations with the SF-36 domains.
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    Evidence Based Decision Making to the Continuous Quality Improvement of Labour and Delivery Services in Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2014-07) W/Amanuel Solomon; Teferra Solomon; Betre Molugeta
    Background: Delivering high quality health service by health facilities is achieved through the implementation of continuous quality improvement. Good health information systems are crucial for addressing health challenges and improving health service delivery in developing countries. However,the quality of the data produced by such systems is often poor and the data are not used effectively for decision-making. Objective: The objective of this project is to improve the quality of labor and delivery service through evidence based decision making in Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College. Methodology: A descriptive study design with quantitative method was employed to conduct the baseline assessment before the implementation of the project in Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College from April to June 2014. The whole health professionals working in the labor and delivery unit were participated in the assessment. The data were collected using self administered closed structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. As part of the intervention and problem solving mechanism, the baseline assessment was presented and also orientation on data quality, health service quality and model for quality improvement were given to the quality management team of the labor and delivery unit and action plan was designed after a through discussion on the results and the orientation to solve the problems identified. Results: The findings of this project have shown that among the total respondents 54.8 % of the respondents did not have knowledge of quality improvement project. About 67.1 % of the study participants did not know about Key Performance Indicator (KPIs). In addition 32% of the respondentssaid that the team work; and 29% said knowledge about the project were the critical factors to successful implementation of Quality Improvement Project. Around 51.1 % of the respondents did not agree that the labor and delivery unit has quality of data. Even though 71.1 % of the managers responded that thereis no clear quality policy within the hospital, the same percentage responded about the availability of quality improvement program. Coming to the evaluation of the staff’s commitment for the quality improvement project; the majority, 85.7 %, of the respondents responded that the staffs were fairly committed. Since this project is on progress its effect will be appreciated in the future after the proper implementation of the action plan designed. Conclusion and Recommendation: High proportion of the staff did not know about the quality improvement project; for this and other reasons the quality of data in the labor and delivery unit is found to be poor; however they all have shown their interest to work in team and also to have training in quality improvement project. Possible solutions proposed and intervention was given.
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    Is it Time to Create Subspecialty Trainings in Psychiatry in Ethiopia? Perspectives of Early Career Psychiatrists and Psychiatry Residents on Addiction Psychiatry as a Career.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-11) Semire Deka; Teferra Solomon ; Mengesha Filmon
    Introduction: The field of psychiatry has many subspecialties, among which are Child psychiatry, Addictionpsychiatry, Forensic psychiatry and Geriatric psychiatry, to name a few. The reason for havingdifferent subspecialties is to offer improved care. Given their prevalence and frequentpresentation as co-morbidities of psychiatric disorders; addiction will need to be a core domain of psychiatric residency. The huge gap between the increasing prevalence of SUDs and trainedprofessionals to tackle the problem is undeniable in our country. Considering the evident increase in SUDs in the country, exploration of ways to initiate and improve addiction training is of paramount importance. Objective: The objective of the current study is to explore attitudes as well as beliefs of early career psychiatrists and psychiatry residents across the country regarding addiction psychiatry as a career. By doing so, it aims to gain insights into ways on how and when addiction psychiatry subspecialty training can be developed in Ethiopia. Method :An electronic survey was conducted via confidential and anonymous emails sent to residents infacilities that run psychiatry residency program across the country and psychiatrists who finishedtheir training in the past 5 years during the study period. Questions answered with Likert scalewere analyzed quantitatively. Results :A total of 77 psychiatrists and psychiatric residents responded to the questionnaire which is 81.05% of the study population: 29 were psychiatrist and 48 were residents. The mean age is 30years and 44.5% of the participants were females. The majority of the respondents had positiveattitudes to addiction psychiatrists and addiction psychiatry. Addiction psychiatrists were seen as making a difference in their patient’s lives where 100% of the participants agreed to that statement. On the other hand, the participants had negative attitude towards the patient population who receive addiction psychiatry service. Of the participants, 88.3% thought addiction psychiatrists work with difficult patient population, and 53.2% of the participants showed interest to work with the patient population addiction psychiatrists work with. Overall,41.6% of the participants said to have interest in the field of addiction psychiatry. Conclusion :The majority of the respondents had positive attitudes to addiction psychiatrists and addiction psychiatry as a career.
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    Is it Time to Create Subspecialty Trainings in Psychiatry in Ethiopia? Perspectives of Early Career Psychiatrists and Psychiatry Residents on Addiction Psychiatry as a Career.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-11) Semire Deka; Teferra Solomon ; Mengesha Filmon
    Introduction :The field of psychiatry has many subspecialties, among which are Child psychiatry, Addiction psychiatry, Forensic psychiatry and Geriatric psychiatry, to name a few. The reason for having different subspecialties is to offer improved care. Given their prevalence and frequent presentation as co-morbidities of psychiatric disorders; addiction will need to be a core domainof psychiatric residency. The huge gap between the increasing prevalence of SUDs and trained professionals to tackle the problem is undeniable in our country. Considering the evident increase in SUDs in the country, exploration of ways to initiate and improve addiction training is of paramount importance. Objective :The objective of the current study is to explore attitudes as well as beliefs of early career psychiatrists and psychiatry residents across the country regarding addiction psychiatry as a career. By doing so, it aims to gain insights into ways on how and when addiction psychiatry subspecialty training can be developed in Ethiopia. Method :An electronic survey was conducted via confidential and anonymous emails sent to residents infacilities that run psychiatry residency program across the country and psychiatrists who finished their training in the past 5 years during the study period. Questions answered with Likert scale were analyzed quantitatively. Results :A total of 77 psychiatrists and psychiatric residents responded to the questionnaire which is 81.05% of the study population: 29 were psychiatrist and 48 were residents. The mean age is 30 years and 44.5% of the participants were females. The majority of the respondents had positive attitudes to addiction psychiatrists and addiction psychiatry. Addiction psychiatrists were seen as making a difference in their patient’s lives where 100% of the participants agreed to that statement. On the other hand, the participants had negative attitude towards the patient population who receive addiction psychiatry service. Of the participants, 88.3% thought addiction psychiatrists work with difficult patient population, and 53.2%oftheparticipantsshowed interest to work with the patient population addiction psychiatrists work with. Overall,41.6% of the participants said to have interest in the field of addiction psychiatry. Conclusion :The majority of the respondents had positive attitudes to addiction psychiatrists and addiction psychiatry as a career.
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    Perspective of Teachers on Substance Abuse among High School Students at Tikur Anbessa Secondary School, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Qualitative Study.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-01) Eshetu Wudasie; Alemayehu Biruh; Teferra Solomon
    Background :Substance abuse is a patterned, harmful and hazardous use of psychoactive substance (drug)including alcohol and illicit drugs in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or withmethods which are harmful to them or others. Globally, drugs and substance abuse continue to bechallenge, especially among the youth in school and out of school. It negatively impacts the academic, social, psychological and physical development among the abusers. Schools may will be able to influence drug use behavior and the primary role of the school is to teach skills, to impartknowledge and establish a sound value base in relation to health and drug use. Objectives :The objective of this study is to explore the perspective of teachers on substance abuse among TikurAnbessa secondary school students. Method :A qualitative research design was used. Target population of this study were teachers in Tikur Anbessa Secondary school. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling technique.Sampling continued until theoretical saturation was achieved and twelve in depth interviews weredone. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed in Amharic and translated into English. Tdata were coded using Open code software 4.03. Thematic analysis was used to identify key theme Results :This study showed teachers had good understanding about adolescent substance use. The study identified respondents had knowledge on the possible factors that led to substance use. All of the teachers mentioned the possible consequences of drug use on the student’s life. The teachers mentioned themselves as responsible on mitigation of drug besides other responsible bodies like families, other school community, neighbors, governmental and non-governmental bodies and religious institutions; they also said prevention of drug use is everyone’s responsibility, but still some teachers mentioned having knowledge gap on drugs. Recommendation :Schools are the best places to teach students about the harms associated with substance misuse. If the Ethiopian Ministry of Education applies organized school-based prevention programs, it will prevent harm associated with using substance. It is recommended this school-based prevention program includes providing adequate training to teachers, integration into curriculum, involvement of parents and collaboration with other stakeholders. Regulating school environment and itssurroundings is also recommended to limit access to substances. Punitive measures such as expulsion of students who are found using substances from school shoulbe done in a less psychologically traumatic way.
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    Perspective of Teachers on Substance Abuse among High School Students at Tikur Anbessa Secondary School, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Qualitative Study.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-01) Eshetu Wudasie; Alemayehu Biruh; Teferra Solomon
    Background :Substance abuse is a patterned, harmful and hazardous use of psychoactive substance (drug) including alcohol and illicit drugs in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or with methods which are harmful to them or others. Globally, drugs and substance abuse continue to bechallenge, especially among the youth in school and out of school. It negatively impacts the academic, social, psychological and physical development among the abusers. Schools may will beable to influence drug use behavior and the primary role of the school is to teach skills, to impartknowledge and establish a sound value base in relation to health and drug use. Objectives :The objective of this study is to explore the perspective of teachers on substance abuse among TikurAnbessa secondaryschool students. Method :A qualitative research design was used. Target population of this study were teachers in Tikur Anbessa Secondary school. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling technique.Sampling continued until theoretical saturation was achieved and twelve in depth interviews weredone. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed in Amharic and translated into English. Tdata were coded using Open code software 4.03. Thematic analysis was used to identify key theme Results :This study showed teachers had good understanding about adolescent substance use. The study identified respondents had knowledge on the possible factors that led to substance use. All of the teachers mentioned the possible consequences of drug use on the student’s life. The teachers mentioned themselves as responsible on mitigation of drug besides other responsible bodies like families, other school community, neighbors, governmental and non-governmental bodies and religious institutions; they also said prevention of drug use is everyone’s responsibility, but still some teachers mentioned having knowledge gap on drugs. Recommendation :Schools are the best places to teach students about the harms associated with substance misuse. If the Ethiopian Ministry of Education applies organized school-based prevention programs, it will prevent harm associated with using substance. It is recommended this school-based prevention program includes providing adequate training to teachers, integration into curriculum, involvement of parents and collaboration with other stakeholders. Regulating school environment and its surroundings is also recommended to limit access to substances. Punitive measures such as expulsion of students who are found using substances from school shoulbe done in a less psychologically traumatic way.
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    Prevalence and Associated Factors with Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among Schizophrenia Patients at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Secondary Cross-Sectional Facility-Based Study
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-11) Haile Zerihun; Worku Benyam; Teferra Solomon
    Introduction: Despite an increasing number of studies on suicide in schizophrenia patients, limited data is available in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Various studies show different rates of suicide in schizophrenia using different methodologies and population. Objective: objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among schizophrenia patients and associated factors among patients with schizophrenia at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital (AMSH) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Data was obtained from the clinical trial study was conducted among a sample of 391 schizophrenia patients who were initially screened for possible enrolment in the clinical trial with the title ‘A placebo controlled trial of folate with B12 in patients with schizophrenia with residual symptoms’ at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The Columbia Suicide Severity Rating scale (CSSRS) was used to screen for suicidal ideation and attempt. Sociodemographic and Clinical characteristics of participants were obtained from the primary data. SPSS version 25 statistical package was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics and multiple regressions were done to determine associated factors. Result: A total of 390 participants were screened. Of these 11.8% endorse suicidal ideation with different severity (40/339) and 5.6% had different levels of suicidal attempt. Conclusion: In accordance with the study it is recommend a thorough clinical evaluation for assessment of suicidal ideation and attempt in schizophrenia patients. Further studies are needed to delineate factors affecting suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia in this setting.
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    Prevalence and Associated Factors with Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among Schizophrenia Patients at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Secondary Cross-Sectional Facility-Based Study
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-11) Haile Zerihun; Worku Benya; Teferra Solomon
    Introduction: Despite an increasing number of studies on suicide in schizophrenia patients, limited data is available in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Various studies show different rates of suicide in schizophrenia using different methodologies and population. Objective: objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among schizophrenia patients and associated factors among patients with schizophrenia at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital (AMSH) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Data was obtained from the clinical trial study was conducted among asample of 391 schizophrenia patients who were initially screened for possible enrolment in the clinical trial with the title ‘A placebo controlled trial of folate with B12 in patients with schizophrenia with residual symptoms’ at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The Columbia SuicideSeverityRating scalewasusedtoscreen for suicidal ideation and attemp.Sociodemographic and Clinical characteristics of participants were obtained from the primary data. SPSS version 25 statistical package was used for data analysis.Descriptive statistics and multiple regressions were done to determine associated factors. Result: A total of 390 participants were screened. Of these 11.8% endorse suicidal ideation with different severity (40/339) and 5.6% had different levels of suicidal attempt. Conclusion: In accordance with the study it is recommend a thorough clinical evaluation for assessment of suicidal ideation and attempt in schizophrenia patients. Further studies are needed to delineate factors affecting suicidal behavior in schizophrenia in this setting.
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    Prevalence of Antipsychotic Induced Movement Disorders among Schizophrenia Patients at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-10) Chekol Assefa; Teferra Solomon; Limenh Asnake
    Introduction: Despite an increasing number of studies identifying the prevalence of antipsychotic induced movement disorders among schizophrenia patients in high income countries, limited reports on prevalence of this disorder who were visited health facilities has been published in Ethiopia among patients who were treated with antipsychotics and all studies were focused on first generation antipsychotics. Objective: To determine the prevalence of antipsychotic induced movement disorders, and associated factors among schizophrenia outpatients at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. Methods:Data was obtained from the baseline assessment of the clinical trial placebocontrolled trial of folate with B12 in schizophrenia patients with residual symptoms conducted from 2014 to 2017 at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. A total of 200 outpatients who were taking antipsychotics for at least six months or stable at least for six weeks were recruited in the study. Rating scales were used including Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) for Tardive dyskinesia (TD), the Simpson-Angus Rating Scale (SAS) for Antipsychotic-Induced Parkinsonism and Barnes Rating Scale (BAS) for Akathisia. The minimum threshold value for the diagnosis of TD was a score of ≥2 on AIMS; for Parkinsonism, SAS mean global score of ≥0.65 and for Akathisia a BAS total score of ≥2. Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and scale for assessment of negative symptoms (SANS) were used to measure symptom severity of schizophrenia as mildly ill 58, moderate 75, marked 95 and severe 116 and at least moderate one is taken. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.0. Frequency and percentage were used to summarize the data, tables and graphs were used to present the data. Binary logistic regression was done to see the association between the outcome variable and explanatory variables. The 95% confidence interval was used and significance value P<0.05, odds ratio reference of 1 was estimated to see the association between outcome variable and explanatory variables. Results: The overall prevalence of antipsychotic induced movement disorders was 39%. Prevalence of antipsychotic induced Parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, and antipsychotic induced Akathisia were found to be 28.5%, 19%, and 8% respectively. SANS score of 31-46 [Odds ratio=3.409, 95%CI=1.044-11.129] and SANS score ≥ 47 [Odds ratio=5.714, 95%CI= 1.48821.948] were associated with TD which shows markedly and severely ill; whereas, being female was found to be protective [Odds ratio= 0.346; 95%CI= 0.144-0.832]. Participants who had not been working or jobless [Odds ratio=2.585, 95%CI= 1.079-6.193] and having a SANS score of ≥ 47 [Odds ratio=3.000, 95%CI=1.020-8.825] were factors associated with the presence of antipsychotic induced parkinsonism which shows the association between being severely ill and presence of antipsychotic induce parkinsonism. PANSS score between 95 and 115 and SANS score between 31 and 46 had [odds ratio=5.444 and 9.854] were factors associated with the presence of antipsychotic inducedakathisia. Conclusions: Thisstudy shows that,aconsiderable number of patients with schizophrenia are suffering from antipsychotic induced movement disorders. Those who had severe psychotic symptoms measured by PANSS, SANS, and those who were not working or jobless were found to be significantly affected by antipsychotic-induced movement disorders. Recommendation:Screening of patients who are on antipsychotics, early detection and possible intervention, psycho-education for patients and their family about the side effects, designing treatment guideline, increasing availability of drugs with minimal side effects are recommended to reduce these disorders.
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    Prevalence of Antipsychotic Induced Movement Disorders among Schizophrenia Patients at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-10) Chekol Assefa; Teferra Solomon; Limenh Asnake
    Introduction: Despite an increasing number of studies identifying the prevalence of antipsychotic induced movement disorders among schizophrenia patients in high income countries, limited reports on prevalence of this disorder who were visited health facilities has been published in Ethiopia among patients who were treated with antipsychotics and all studies were focused on first generation antipsychotics. Objective: To determine the prevalence of antipsychotic induced movement disorders, and associated factors among schizophrenia outpatients at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. Methods:Data was obtained from the baseline assessment of the clinical trial placebo controlled trial of folate with B12 in schizophrenia patients with residual symptoms conducted from 2014 to 2017 at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. A total of 200 outpatients who were taking antipsychotics for at least six months or stable at least for six weeks were recruited in the study. Rating scales were used including Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) for Tardive dyskinesia (TD), the Simpson-Angus Rating Scale (SAS) for Antipsychotic-Induced Parkinsonism and Barnes Rating Scale (BAS) for Akathisia. The minimum threshold value for the diagnosis of TD was a score of ≥2 on AIMS; for Parkinsonism, SAS mean global score of ≥0.65 and for Akathisia a BAS total score of ≥2. Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and scale for assessment of negative symptoms (SANS) were used to measure symptom severity of schizophrenia as mildly ill 58, moderate 75, marked 95 and severe 116 and at least moderate one is taken. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.0. Frequency and percentage were used to summarize the data, tables and graphs were used to present the data. Binary logistic regression was done to see the association between the outcome variable and explanatory variables. The 95% confidence interval was used and significance value P odds ratio reference of 1 was estimated to see the association between outcome variable and explanatory variables. Results: The overall prevalence of antipsychotic induced movement disorders was 39%. Prevalence of antipsychotic induced Parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, and antipsychotic induced Akathisia were found to be 28.5%, 19%, and 8% respectively. SANS score of 31-46 [Odds
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    Prevalence of Cannabis Use and it sadverse Impact samon gst udentsofScienceFaculty, AddisAbebaUniversity,Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-01) Brhan Segid; Teferra Solomon
    Background: Substance Misuse is common among Students of higher learning. Cannabis is one of the substances commonly Misused by this population. In Ethiopia, the issue has not been investigated. The study was conduct to evaluate the prevalence of cannabis use among students in Addis Ababa University, College of Natural Sciences. Method: An institution based survey was conducted on a sample of 208 students. Data was collected using a self administered questionnaire: Cannabis Abuse screening test, CAST and adapted to the circumstance. It was analyzed using SPSS Version16.
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    Prevalence of Cannabis Use and its adverse Impacts among students of Science Faculty, Addis Abeba University, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-01) Brhan Segid; Teferra Solomon
    Background: Substance Misuse is common among Students of higher learning. Cannabis is one of the substances commonly Misused by this population. In Ethiopia, the issue has not been investigated. The study was conduct to evaluate the prevalence of cannabis use among students in Addis Ababa University, College of Natural Sciences. Method: An institution based survey was conducted on a sample of 208 students. Data was collected using a self administered questionnaire: Cannabis Abuse screening test, CAST and adapted to the circumstance. It was analyzed using SPSS Version16.
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    Psychiatric Patients’ Experiences of Involuntary Hospital Admissions & Treatment at the Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital : A qualitative study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-12) Beyero Teferra; Teferra Solomon
    Introduction:Involuntary admission of psychiatric patients is practiced throughout the world. As most of the patients lack insight and have problems in communication, few professionals bother to find out how they perceive the activities around them at the time. This paper tries to shed some light on the issue as pertains to the Ethiopian context. Methods:Following purposive sampling, Semi-structured interviews were done with 11 patients with severe mental illness at the Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. The participants were asked to express various aspects of their experiences on their admission, stay at the hospital, and how they retrospectively view the whole process.. The interviews were transcribed word for word and translated. Thematic analysis was carried out to pick out the major issues that emerged in the discussions. Results:Nine of the participants were men. Seven participants came from regions outside Addis Ababa, while four lived in Addis Ababa. All of the patients were admitted against their will. Many patients did not understand why they were being taken to the hospital and some even didn’t know they were being taken to the hospital at all. Most were suspicious of the staff although almost all affirmed that they were received well at the hospital. Some said they were not listened to and complained the treatment was not explained to them and they were also not treated as ordinary adults. All participants in retrospect said that their forced admissions were justified. But there were differing views on whether they would like to be treated the same way if they pass through similar health problems in the future. Conclusion & recommendations:Psychiatric patients need to be listened to and their concerns taken seriously. That would go a long way in building a good rapport which is essential to any successful patient management. The findings in the study also clearly indicate the need for a mental health legislation in Ethiopia and clear guidelines for the involuntary admission of psychiatric patients.
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    Psychiatric Patients’ Experiences of Involuntary Hospital Admissions & Treatment at the Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital : A Qualitative study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-12) Beyero Teferra; Teferra Solomon
    Introduction:Involuntary admission of psychiatric patients is practiced throughout the world. As most of the patients lack insight and have problems in communication, few professionals bother to find out how they perceive the activities around them at the time. This paper tries to shed some light on the issue as pertains to the Ethiopian context. Methods:Following purposive sampling, Semi-structured interviews were done with 11 patients with severe mental illness at the Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. The participants were asked to express various aspects of their experiences on their admission, stay at the hospital, and how they retrospectively view the whole process.. The interviews were transcribed word for word and translated. Thematic analysis was carried out to pick out the major issues that emerged in the discussions. Results:Nine of the participants were men. Seven participants came from regions outside Addis Ababa, while four lived in Addis Ababa. All of the patients were admitted against their will. Many patients did not understand why they were being taken to the hospital and some even didn’t know they were being taken to the hospital at all. Most were suspicious of the staff although almost all affirmed that they were received well at the hospital. Some said they were not listened to and complained the treatment was not explained to them and they were also not treated as ordinary adults. All participants in retrospect said that their forced admissions were justified. But there were differing views on whether they would like to be treated the same way if they pass through similar health problems in the future. Conclusion & recommendations:Psychiatric patients need to be listened to and their concerns taken seriously. That would go a long way in building a good rapport which is essential to any successful patient management. The findings in the study also clearly indicate the need for a mental health legislation in Ethiopia and clear guidelines for the involuntary admission of psychiatric patients.
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    The Psychological Experience of Covid-19 Tested Positive People in Eka Kotebe Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Coping and Resilience: A qualitative study.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-10) Alemu Dagim; Teferra Solomon; Alemayehu Biruh
    Introduction: It has been seven and half months since the first Novel Corona Virus case was reported in Ethiopia. The number of infected people has been rapidly expanding globally and nationally. In Ethiopia, as of October26, 2020, it has reached to 93,343 infected and 1,426 deaths. There are few studies that have explored the lived experiences of previous epidemic outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases including Ebola, Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Influenza A (H1N1) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).Except one Study from China, there is a dearth of research on the psychological experience of COVID-19hospitalized patients and there is no such study conducted in Ethiopia. Objective :To explore and describe the psychological experience and the coping and resilience of COVID-19hospitalized patients in Eka Kotebe hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method :A phenomenological qualitative study design was used. Participants were recruited using non-probabilistic heterogeneous purposive sampling technique from the hospital referred above. Participants were those who are confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection, consented to take part, speakAmharic language fluently and on stable medical condition. Sampling proceeded until theoretical saturation wasachieved. Eleven in-depth telephone interviews were conducted and seven were included in the results.The in-depth interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and translated into English. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes. Results :There major themes were identified describing the initial emotional reaction, daily life in hospital and stressors as well as resilience and ways of coping. Initial response towards the disease included fright,denial and anger during the early stages, which dissolved into acceptance in the later stages and mix of positive and negative emotions towards the end of hospitalization. The primary sources of stress were the inadequacy of information about the disease, health and economical stability of family, concern aboutlong term sequela of the disease and stigma. Despite these, all the study subjects displayed strongresilience and coping mechanisms whereby they engaged themselves in some form of coping mechanismswhich included taking advantage of the social support by engaging themselves in group and pairconversations and practicing spiritual rituals together. Different contributing factors were considered fortheir resilience which encompasses the role of having a cognitive capability to understanding the disease,lessons learned from wisdom of their role models in life or adverse experiences during early life and mostimportantly having a faith. Finally, most participants expressed the moral lessons gained from their experience with COVID- 19 andreflected on their positive outlooks. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has caused emotional distress among the patients. The findings in this study also have some unique elements of the perceived stressors and coping strategies. The main features centered upon the stigma and discrimination, safety of family, economic stability, role of culture,religious believe and ritual practices. These results promote understanding of the language and behavior of patients, enhance communication, inspire to denote interventions targets and pave the way for future researches studying the long-term psychological experience from COVID-19.
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    The Psychological Experience of Covid-19 tested Positive People in Eka Kotebe Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Coping and Resilience: A qualitative study.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-10) Alemu Dagim; Teferra Solomon; Alemayehu Biruh
    Introduction: It has been seven and half months since the first Novel Corona Virus case was reported in Ethiopia. The number of infected people has been rapidly expanding globally and nationally. In Ethiopia, as of October26, 2020, it has reached to 93,343 infected and 1,426 deaths. There are few studies that have explored thelived experiences of previous epidemic outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases including Ebola, Severeacute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Influenza A (H1N1) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).Except one Study from China, there is a dearth of research on the psychological experience of COVID-19hospitalized patients and there is no such study conducted in Ethiopia. Objective :To explore and describe the psychological experience and the coping and resilience of COVID-19hospitalized patients in Eka Kotebe hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method :A phenomenological qualitative study design was used. Participants were recruited using non-probabilistic heterogeneous purposive sampling technique from the hospital referred above. Participants were those who are confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection, consented to take part, speak Amharic language fluently and on stable medical condition. Sampling proceeded until theoretical saturation was achieved. Eleven in-depth telephone interviews were conducted and seven were included in the results.The in-depth interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and translated into English. Thematic analysiswas used to identify key themes. Results: There major themes were identified describing the initial emotional reaction, daily life in hospital andstressors as well as resilience and ways of coping. Initial response towards the disease included fright,denial and anger during the early stages, which dissolved into acceptance in the later stages and mix ofpositive and negative emotions towards the end of hospitalization. The primary sources of stress were theinadequacy of information about the disease, health and economical stability of family, concern aboutlong term sequela of the disease and stigma. Despite these, all the study subjects displayed strongresilience and coping mechanisms whereby they engaged themselves in some form of coping mechanismswhich included taking advantage of the social support by engaging themselves in group and pairconversations and practicing spiritual rituals together. Different contributing factors were considered fortheir resilience which encompasses the role of having a cognitive capability to understanding the disease,lessons learned from wisdom of their role models in life or adverse experiences during early life and most importantly having a faith. Finally, most participants expressed the moral lessons gained from their experience with COVID- 19 and reflected on their positive outlooks. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has caused emotional distress among the patients. The findings inthis study also have some unique elements of the perceived stressors and coping strategies. The mainfeatures centered upon the stigma and discrimination, safety of family, economic stability, role of culture,religious believe and ritual practices. These results promote understanding of the language and behaviorof patients, enhance communication, inspire to denote interventions targets and pave the way for futureresearches studying the long-term psychological experience from COVID-19.
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    Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among Alcohol use Disorder Patients Attending Addiction Clinic at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-10) Negussie Mohammed ; Teferra Solomon
    Background: -Alcohol is one of commonly used psychoactive substances. Harmful use of alcohol results in a cluster of behavioral and physical symptoms known as Alcohol use disorder. WHO suggests that harmful use of alcohol to be an individual risk factor for suicidal behavior, accounting for 25-50% of all suicides linked to alcohol and other substance. Many studies were done on alcohol and suicidal ideation and attempt. Most of these study suggest that alcohol have association with suicidal ideation and attempt. But there are studies with no association between alcohol use disorder and suicidal ideation and attempt. Objective: - To assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among alcohol use disorder patients attending addiction clinic at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital (AMSH). It also determines the association of alcohol use disorder and suicidal ideation and attempt. Method: - This was a hospital based cross-sectional study, that include 120 patients of age above and equal 18 years. Data were collected by using ASSIST 3.1 (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test), to assess alcohol use disorder, CSSRS (Colombia suicide severity rating scale) to assess suicidal ideation and attempt, and PHQ-9 (patient health questioners-9) to assess the depression and severity of depressive symptoms. Chi square and binary logistic regression was used to assess factor relation. Result: - The overall prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt among alcohol use disorder patients was 30.6% for the past month and 31.7% for past year of time of data collection. Suicide attempt was 14.9% and 13.3% respectively. Older age was associated significantly with suicidal ideation and attempt (X2 =6.128, P=0.047). Alcohol use disorder had no association with suicidal ideation and attempt for both past month (OR = 0.827; 95% CI 0.116, 5.914) (P = 0.850) and the past year (OR=1.360; 95% CI 0.122, 15.165) (P=0.803) of data collection. Major depressive disorder was significantly associated with alcohol use disorder (P=0.047). Conclusion: -. Suicide ideation and attempt was significantly associated with advancement of age among alcohol use disorder patients. Alcohol use disorder has no association with suicide ideation and attempt among the respondents. Alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder was significantly associated with and could lead to suicidal ideation and attempt indirectly. Recommendation: -Further researches on alcohol use disorder, depression and suicide are necessary to assess the relationship each character.