Browsing by Author "Tefera, Worku (MPH, PhD candidate)"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Assessing hygiene and sanitary condition of street food vending in Addis Ketema sub-city,Addis Ababa.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-12) Tesema, Biruk; Tefera, Worku (MPH, PhD candidate)
    Background: WHO defined street food as food and beverages prepared and sold in the street and other public places for immediate consumption.It is also described as the food that is prepared either at home or along the street and consumed at the point of purchase or elsewhere without any processing. Objective: The objective of this study is toassess the hygiene practice of the vendors and sanitary conditions of the surrounding vending site with laboratory analysis of street food in the Addis Ketema sub-city of Addis Ababa. Methods A total of 301 street food vendors were assessed by a structured questionnaire and direct observation in four selected sampling locations of Addis Ketema sub-city. Additionally, the bacteriological quality of sixty samples of street food was determined using aerobic mesophilic bacterial count, total coliform, and Salmonella test. About 18 questions were set to measure street food vendor‟s hygiene practices. Vendors who scored less than 12 points were considered poor and those who scored 12 points and above considered good hygiene practice. Independent variables were fit separately into a bivariate logistic model to evaluate the degree of association with the dependent variable. Then variables that havea p-value ≤0.2 were exported to a multivariable logistic regression model. The strength of association was measured using OR and 95% CI and a p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Result: The present study found that food safety knowledge and environmental condition of the vending site shows statistical association with good hygiene practice of the vendors. Vendors who work in the poor environmental condition of vending sites were 74% less likely (AOR=0.265,95% CI (0.116, 0.607) to have good hygienic practice as compared to those who work in the good environmental condition of the vending site. 86.7% of the sample showed an unsatisfactory level for aerobic mesophilic bacteria count and about 5(9%) of the sample showed the presence ofSalmonella. Conclusion:The level of hygiene practice of the vendors and the environmental condition of the vending site was poor. About 82% of the vendors had poor hygiene practice and 72% of the surveyed participants‟ carried out their work in poor environmental conditions.Moreover, the bacteriological quality analysis of food also shows the result beyond a recommended limit for the tests conducted.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Occupational diseases and injuries among artisanal small scale gold mining workers in Oddo Shakiso woreda, Guji zone of Oromia regional state, Southern Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-12) Abebil, Fentayehu; Tefera, Worku (MPH, PhD candidate); Tefera, Yifokire(BSc, MSc, PhD candidate)
    Abstract Back ground: Mining is an important economic activity; Artisanal and Small scale Gold Mining is widely practiced. This mining activity is known for different occupational exposures but the occupational health status of workers is not adequately understood. The aim of this study was to estimate the magnitude of occupational diseases and injuries of workers in Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining in Oddo Shakiso woreda, Oromia, Ethiopia. Methods: cross sectional study design was employed from April to June 2020. Using simple random sampling technique 403 participants was interviewed. Protein was analyzed using urine dipstick test to explore mercury toxicity and observation checklists were utilized. Linear regression for mercury intoxication and logistic regression for respiratory diseases and injury were applied. Predictor variables with p value <0.05 in multivariate analysis were considered as determinant factors. β coefficients for linear regression and odds ratio for logistic regression with 95% CI were used for the interpretation of results. Results: the overall prevalence of mercury toxicity was estimated to be 50.4% (95% CI: 45.2%- 55.3%), respiratory diseases 40.0% (95% CI: 35.0- 44.9 %) and the incidence of injury was 29%. Mercury toxicity was significantly associated with marital status, years of work experience and exposure to chemicals in mining. Respiratory disease was also associated with alcohol drinking, living with animals in the same house, work experience, excavation sifting amalgamation jobs, and exposure to chemicals and engagement in additional job. The occurrence of injury was associated with work shift, and excavation and sifting job. Conclusion: High prevalence of occupational diseases and injuries were found. Work-related and behavioral characteristics were significantly associated with the occurrence of diseases and injuries. The health problems of workers might be due to occupational exposure in artisanal and small scale gold mining. Therefore, workers’ health protection program including awareness creation and personal protective equipment access should be initiated. Further intervention research should be conducted.