Browsing by Author "Tayachew, Adamu"

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    Molecular Detection of Common Respiratory Viruses among Acute Respiratory Illness Cases in Selected Health Facilities of Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2018-04) Tayachew, Adamu; Nigatu, Wondatir(PhD)
    Background: Acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) are among the major public health problems both in developed and developing countries. No any previous studies describing about the types and magnitude of viral etiologies responsible for acute respiratory infections in both severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and influenza like illness (ILI) in Ethiopia except influenza viruses. Objective: To assess common respiratory viruses among acute respiratory illness cases in selected health facilities in Ethiopia. Method: Laboratory test by RT-PCR was conducted at National Influenza Reference Laboratory of Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI) from 01, July, 2017 to 31, October, 2017 combination of retrospective and prospective study designs. Throat/throat and nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from 01, January, 2015 to 31, December 2016 from influenza sentinel surveillance sites were selected by systematic random sampling technique for detection of Parainfluenza viruses1-4 (PIV1-4), Human coronaviruses (HCoV), Human metapneumoviruses A/B (HMPV A/B); Rhinovirus (RV); Respiratory syncytial viruses A/B (RSV A/B); Human adenovirus (HAdV), Enterovirus(EV), Human parechovirus (HPeV),Human bocavirus (HBoV) and Influenza virus C (INF C). Descriptive statistics was done using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 422 samples which consisted of 202 (47.9%) male were tested. Children under age of five years accounted for 47.6% (201) of the tested samples. Equal number of samples from outpatients and hospitalized cases were tested. Among the tested samples 55.5% ( 234/422) were positive for at least one respiratory virus and most frequently detected among children under five years of age (p=0.023). Respiratory viruses were co-detected in 18.2% (77) of the samples and 79.2% (61/77) were from SARI cases (p=0.007). The most frequently detected respiratory viruses were RV (18.7%), RSV A/B, (12.8%), HAdV (11.4%) and PIV1-4 (7.3%). HCoV(6.2%),EV(6.2%), HPeV(5.7%, HMPV A/B(4.5%), HBoV (3.8%). INF C (0.2%) were also detected Conclusion and recommendation: The study detected the circulation of wide range of respiratory viruses among samples from ILI and SARI cases especially among under five children. Large scale study has to be done to better understand the seasonal variation, spectrum of illness and severity of ARI due to the different respiratory viruses.