Browsing by Author "Tafesse, Teshome PhD"
Item Expectations and Challenges of Ethiopian Migrants: The Case of Selected Returnees in Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Shode, Yohannes; Tafesse, Teshome PhDThe study aimed to explore the major challenges and expectations of return migrants in Ethiopia with emphasis on returnees in the case of Addis Ababa City Administration. Period wise, the scope of the study covers four years (2017 – 2020). The study also assessed the causes of migration and the reasons why migrants returned back to their home country. As an approach, the study used a mixed methods approach. A survey questionnaire was distributed to a total of 372 respondents and all of them were returned. For the qualitative data, an in depth interview with returnee migrants and key informants interview with selected officials in relevant public institutions and international organization working on migration was used. The study covered all the ten sub-cities of the Addis Ababa City Administration. Experts at Bureau of Labor and Social Affairs (BoLSA), Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (MoLSA), Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) and Ethiopia Diaspora Agency participated as samples in the qualitative data collection. Furthermore, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) also participated in the interview sessions. A total of 12 persons participated in the qualitative aspect of the data collection. Results and findings indicate that the major causes of migration in the City is lack of job opportunity due to high rate of unemployment, lack of food security which relates to extreme poverty and housing problem in Addis Ababa City Administration. Returnee migrants have been facing the same challenges they were facing prior to their migration and they stated that there is no more improvement from the time they left their home country in search of better life and opportunities for themselves and their family back home. The housing, food and lack of job opportunity, and transportation problem in the city are also the major findings of the research. The study found out that political unrest in the host country, lack of job opportunity and under payment or low salary, unfavorable environment or hot climate in the host country, and the COVID -19 pandemic are the main reasons why migrants returned back to their home county. It is recommended that The City Administration officials and other stakeholders should pay attention to the issue and address causes of migration by creating more opportunities and a fair, accessible system. Returnee migrants continue to experience challenges of unemployment and poverty. To tackle these problems, the City Administration should facilitate and support the reintegration program in coordination and collaboration with other stakeholders and the community.Item Factors Affecting Urban Land Tenure Service Delivery in Addis Ababa: The Case of Gulele Sub-city(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Gizaw, Addis; Tafesse, Teshome PhDUrban land tenure service delivery is in place for long period to give services to the urban dwellers and service seekers. Yet, the service delivery is being handled without a clear understanding of the important factors affecting the satisfaction of its customers. The factors and causes for poor and substandard urban land tenure services specifically the contextual factors that are particular to the socio-political contexts are not well understood and hence require further investigations. Thus, the purpose of this research is to explore the factors that contribute to urban land tenure service delivery at Gulele sub-city land tenure service delivery office of the Addis Ababa city administration. The research follows a mixed research approach that is conducted in parallel. It adopted a case study research design to investigate the factors for land tenure service delivery, the causes for the problems and to assess the opinions of the customers. Conceptually, the study draws from the land tenure service delivery factors in the extant literature. Empirically, it draws from quantitative and qualitative data collected from the customers and staff of urban land tenure service delivery office at Gulele sub city who were selected based on purposive sampling via the researchers’ judgment. Quantitative data was collected using a five scale likert based questionnaire and semi-structured interview was used to collect the qualitative data. A structural equation modeling (SEM) technique is used to analyze the quantitative data using statistical software called SmartPLS. Open and thematic coding technique is used to analyze the qualitative data collected through interviews. Findings show that urban land tenure service delivery is affected by institutional, technical, administrative, technical, legislative, and contextual factors. Coordinating employees and institutional as well as cross-institutional workflow, and continuously development of employee skills will help in addressing the issues. From a technical and administrative perspective this research recommends computerizing and documenting urban land information, capacity building of the administrative leadership. Moreover, participation of the public in developing urban land policy keeping consistency of the rules and laws, ensuring political stability, developing a clear guideline for informal land brokering, and find solutions for ownership, expansion, and development of the city’s land will also help in addressing the factors.