Browsing by Author "Tadesse, Solomon"

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    Causes and Consequences of the Arab Spring of 2011 The Case of Tunisia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-10) Tadesse, Solomon; Hasen, Mohammed (PhD)
    The African Arab States entered in to serious of uprisings in December 2010. The revolution broke out in Northern African and Arab state of Tunisia. It is one of the wealthiest states on the continent ranks 36th in the world economic competent. It is a country rich in minerals such as Iron, Phosphate, Zinc, Lead, Oil, Petroleum and Natural gas. Besides, Tunisia is one of the leading producers of Agricultural products, such as olives, wheat, barely, tomatoes, citrus, sugar beets, Dates and Almond and goods-textile, Leather and Steel, among others. It is also known for Food and Beverage products. In addition, it is also the second largest tourist destination in the continent next to Egypt. Like Tunisia, the States of Morocco, Algeria, Libya and Egypt are endowed with national resources. They have sizable deposition of Natural gas and Particularly Libya is among the leading producers of petroleum in the world next to Iraq, Iran and Saudi Arabia even supplied 1/10th of petroleum to the world market in 2008. Though the North African Arab States earned huge foreign currency from Natural Gas, oil and other most of their citizens did not benefit from it. They have been living under serious poverty chiefly owing to the dictatorial orientation of the governments. There is no economic, social, and political freedom. They were characterised by unfired distribution of wealth, high rate of unemployment, un equal access to education, lack of housing, lack of transportation, lack of political participation and lack of involvement in public service. The wealth of the state was in the hands of few leaders and western European companies. The leaders of North African Arabians were protectors of their interests as well as Western capitalists. The suppression of problems for a long period of time led to the explosion of violent protests against Arab states governments since 2010. The first protest was seen in Tunisia ending up in ousting of president Zen al-Abidine Ben Ali. Following Tunisian revolution Egyptians moved against the regime and sent Hosni Mubarak in to jail. The revolution in Libya was concluded in killing Muammar Gaddafi and in Yemen Ali Abdullah Saleh forced to leave from his power. The tide of uprising from Tunisia spread out to the whole Arab world including Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Syria. In Syria the revolution still not concluded. In this study the researcher will not focuses on Arab spring in detail rather to assess the Cause and consequences of Tunisian Arab spring of 2010
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    Establishment of hematological reference intervals for apparently healthy adult residents in Asella town, southeast Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Tadesse, Solomon; Tsegaye, Aster(MSc, PhD); Alemu, Jemal(MSc, PhD candidate)
    Background: About 70% of medical decisions made by physicians are based on the information presented by laboratory results. However, test results by themselves are valueless unless reported with the appropriate reference interval or medical decision limit. Currently, Ethiopia use reference intervals adopted from textbooks that refer mainly to Caucasian subjects. The country having heterogeneous population, there is a need to establish locally derived hematological reference interval that could be used in Asella town, Arsi zone, Ethiopia. Objective: To establish hematological reference intervals for apparently healthy adults in Asella town, southeast, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from January to March 2019 on apparently healthy individuals in Asella town aged from 18-60 years. Predesigned and structured questionnaire was used for collection of data on socio-demographic characteristics and dietary pattern of the reference population. Systematic random sampling technique was used. About 3ml of EDTA whole blood was collected and analyzed using Sysmex KX 21N automated hematology analyzer which analyses 60 tests per hour. The data was entered and analyzed by appropriate statistical software (Epi Info and SPSS) and interpreted using non-parametric methods, by which central 95% of the measured values was included in the intervals. Result: a total of 494 participants were recruited and 424 participants were involved in this study with the median age of 28 years. Except WBC (3.4 to 10.1 x10 9 /L) which showed no significant difference, other men and non-pregnant women reference intervals are: RBC (4.77 to 6.07 x10 /L; 4.18 to 5.29 x10 12 /L), HGB (14.7 to 18.1 gm/dL; 12.7 to 15.7gm/dL), HCT (42.1 to 51.3%; 37.1 to 44.4%) and PLT (159 to 336 x10 9 /L; 177 to 376 x10 9 /L), respectively. Pregnant women’s WBC, RBC, HGB and PLT are (4.9 to 13.2 x10 9 /L, 3.58 to 4.9 x10 12 /L, 11.0 to 14.6gm/dL and (138 to 368 x10 9 /L), respectively. Conclusion: most of the hematological RI of this study was significantly different from currently in use in Asella referral and teaching hospital laboratory. The difference was also observed in studies of other African countries as well as studies from different parts of Ethiopia. 12
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    Groundwater Quality Distribution of Addis Ababa Based on Chemical Content
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Tadesse, Solomon; Teferi PhD, Ermias
    Groundwater is the main source of freshwater for use in agricultural, industrial, and drinking purposes in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa City gets more than 60 % of its water supply from groundwater. When groundwater moves from surface to underground sources, it passes through a large number of filtering media and hence becomes filtered. The resulting physical and chemical properties of groundwater are most importantly related to its relationship with the media, which the water encountered, and its residence time. Assessments of the groundwater quality to determine their spatial distribution have significant importance for further utilization and management of the resource. This study was focused on selected five water quality parameters: Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Nitrates (NO3), Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and Fluoride (F). 108 samples from wells that are located within Addis Ababa city were collected and analyzed to determine their water quality. Their spatial distribution analysis carried out using ArcGIS and the overall Water Quality Index also computed. The results of the laboratory analysis indicated that significant number of wells have a water quality that was above WHO drinking water guide line values. This study showed that there are three kinds of water exists in Addis Ababa city: Groundwater with high iron and manganese at the northern part of the city, with high Fluoride and TDS in the central part of the city which extends to eastern direction of the city and groundwater with better water quality which complied with WHO permissible value at southern part of the City.