Browsing by Author "Tadesse, Abebe"

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    Aquaponics Productivity Response for Niger Seed Cake (Guizotia Abyssinica) Inclusion and Increased Level of Mineral Supplementation in Fish Diet
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-03) Tadesse, Abebe; Getahun, Abebe(Professor)
    This study was conducted at Addis Ababa University aquaponics research facility to determine level of Niger seed cake inclusion and mineral supplementation on aquaponics diet to improve Tilapia-Lettuce productivity in aquaponics system. Three main studies were conducted to determine the efficient level of Niger seed inclusion for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) growth, effective Niger seed dietary level on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) growth and effective mineral supplementation level for tilapia and lettuce growth. Mineral supplementation level was studied by taking the best Niger seed cake inclusion level for tilapia and lettuce growth. Five levels of Niger seed cake (NC) inclusions with different level of fish meal (FM) (NC:FM); 0 (Negative control diet; D1), 0.29 (D2), 0.83 (D3), 2.14 (D4), 3.4 (D5) and Hydroponics system(H) (Control 2; Positive control for nutrients) were tested against tilapia and lettuce growth and water quality attributes for 28 days. After decision on the best Niger seed cake inclusion level five mineral supplementation levels 0% (D1), 1.2% (D2), 2.3% (D3), 3.5% (D4) and 4.6% (D5) on fish diet were tested against aquaponics productivity taking the best diet from previous experiment as negative control. Impact of Niger seed cake inclusion level brought significant variation (p < 0.05) on water quality parameters but remain within the range suitable for growth and development of lettuce. Most tilapia and lettuce growth performance measures were significantly quadratic with NC:FM ratio in fish diet (r2 > 0.25, p<0.1). Highest Specific growth rate (SGR), Relative growth rate (RGR), Protein productive value (PPV), Crude protein content, Mineral retention (K, Ca, Fe and N) and feed efficiency response of tilapia were measured from D4. Similarly highest lettuce; Yield, Fresh biomass per plant, Leaf fresh weight, Root fresh weight from experimental diets were recorded from D4 that is statistically not different with H treatment (p > 0.05). Increased NC:FM composition resulted in quadratic decrease of Dry matter (DM) and mineral content. Mineral iv retained in lettuce was significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with diet mineral composition and resulted in increased mineral level recovered by lettuce and in water. Fish tank water mineral content response was also significantly quadratic with NC:FM ratios (r2 > 0.25, p < 0.1). Mineral supplementation performance on tilapia and lettuce growth was found to be significantly comparable among treatments and numerically lowest and highest RGR, and Protein efficiency ratio (PER) were achieved from treatment D1 and D5, respectively. Increased mineral supplementation level on fish diet brought significantly linear RGR, FCR, PPV and PER response (r2 > 0.5, p < 0.05). Among experimental diets significantly highest Absolute growth rate, Relative growth rate, Leaf weight ratio and lettuce yield were achieved from 2.3% mineral supplementation level (p < 0.05). Hydroponics mineral supplemented diet with a level of 2.3% resulted in significantly highest (p < 0.05) total (tilapia and lettuce) biomass yield and suitable growing environment for tilapia and lettuce. Aquaponics productivity can be improved through hydroponics mineral inclusion in fish diet which contains 2.14 NC:FM ratio supplemented with 2.3% hydroponics mineral
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    Post Discharge Mortality among Preterm Newborns Admitted to Selected Public Hospitals NICU Addis Ababa Ethiopia: Cross Sectional Study
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-11) Tadesse, Abebe; Prof.Mekasha, Amha( MD, MSC)
    Introduction: Worldwide, 15 million babies are born prematurely each year. Prematurity has become the leading cause of newborn deaths worldwide, resulting in more than 1 million deaths each year .Preterm birth rates around the globe are increasing and are now responsible for 35% of the world’s neonatal deaths; the condition is the secondleading cause of death among children under five. Ethiopia is among the top 15 countries that contribute to two-thirds of the world’s preterm babies with an estimated preterm birth rate of 14.1%. In Ethiopia, of the estimated 91,700 neonatal deaths in 2010, more than one-third were estimated to be due to complications of preterm birth. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess post NICU discharge mortality rate among preterm infants discharged from selected public Hospital NICU in Addis Ababa. Methods: The study design was institutional based cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in selected public hospital NICUs in Addis Ababa. The study subjects were preterm neonates who were discharged from NICU. The sampling methods were simple random sampling method. Chart review and phone call was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics by software called SPSS version 25. Result: out of 406 preterm discharges 395(97.3%) survived to 28 days and 11(2.7%) died making post discharge mortality rate of preterm neonates is 2.7 %.There were no statistically significant association between post discharge mortality among preterm neonates and neonatal, maternal and sociodemographic characteristics. Recommendation :post discharge preterm mortality is low in this research , which is encouraging but critical attention should be paid on improving in hospital survival especially for extremely low and very low birth weight neonate because the vast majority did not survive to discharge. They account a significant minority in this study.