Browsing by Author "Solomon Yohannes"

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    Constitutional and Public Laws Stream Probation Under Ethiopian Criminal Justice System The Law and Practice
    (Addis Ababa Unversity, 2018-06) Solomon Yohannes; Simeneh Kiros (Associate Professor)
    The study deals with the legal framework and practice of probation in the Ethiopian criminal justice system. The significance of probation has greatly enlarged and acquired substantial support in the modern criminal justice system. Probation should be allowed by means of due care. To do this, there should be conditions to be followed and institutions mandated with the duty to follow up the probationer to implement the probation. There should be responsible institution whether it is governmental, nongovernmental or mixed according to the situations of a given country. The same is true in Ethiopia because the concept of probation is incorporated in our criminal justice system in both substantive and procedural laws. Since the beginning of 19th century, many countries incorporated the concept of probation in their criminal justice system. Researches show the efforts to update the procedures and application of probation at national and international level. But in Ethiopia, decades have passed without modernizing the concept of probation although it is significant; it is being applied without systematic mechanisms. Since probation is one of the mechanisms of implementing punishment, it should be applied in light of theories of punishment, principally the reform and rehabilitation of the probationer which is recognized in the FDRE Criminal Code and integration of them into the community. The Code provides purposes, mechanisms and the effects of probation. It further emphasizes that remittance of a sentence where the probation is successfully undergone. But in practice, there is a problem of implementation of probation particularly, evaluating the behavior, supervising, controlling, assessing the outcome are missing points. Besides, although decades passed since Ethiopia enacted modern Criminal Code, there is no institutional set up that manages probation effectively. Considering these problems, discussion is made by taking international standards and trends of other countries in assumption of getting lessons from them to increase understanding of justice organs concerning the concept of probation and to identify gap filling mechanisms to practical problems, in case of non uniformity of the administration of probation. Lastly, the effects of successfully undergone probation are addressed.
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    Social Media use and its effects on Academic Performance of Students: the Case of Addis Ababa and Unity Universities.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-04) Solomon Yohannes; Solomon Gebre-Ghiorghis (PhD)
    The main objective of the study is to examine “Social Media Uses and their Effects on Academic Performance of Students in the Addis Ababa University and Unity University”. In regard to research design and methodology, the study used descriptive research design and employed both quantitative and qualitative methods which in combination help to clarify concepts, characteristics, descriptions, counts and measures to demonstrate implications of the issue under consideration. Before embarking on the data collection, the researcher made preliminary contacts with College students in the Addis Ababa University and Unity University. Mainly for quantitative data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarize data by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, (SPSS) version 26 software. The findings of this study showed that, although time appropriateness and time duration had negative effects on youths such as lack of privacy, distracting students from their academic work, taking most of their productive time and such like, they also had benefits and could be used appropriately. For instance, students could form online communities in order to plan for a project, have group discussions about class material or use the social networking sites(SNS) as a way to keep in contact when a student who has been absent needs to be updated on current academic information. Finally, the findings of the study showed that internet exposure addiction and privacy/security problems had a significant influence on students’ academic performance. But, there are also some benefits. Therefore, the study recommends that the management of the study are universities and possibly others as well should develop policies that encourage innovative uses of social media for educational purposes such as group discussions, group research projects, etc. whilst minimizing its negative impact on students by controlling social media use among students during learning sessions. Key words: Social media, Student, Academic performances