Browsing by Author "Mulugeta, Feven(BSc, MSc)"

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    Nutritional Status and Associated Factors among Children with Congenital Heart Disease in Selected Governmental Hospitals and Cardiac Center Addis Ababa Ethiopia,2021.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-06) Woldesenbet, Rediet; Dr.Murugan, Rajalakshmi(PHD, Assistant professor); Mulugeta, Feven(BSc, MSc)
    Background:Children with congenital heart disease are at risk for poor growth and undernutrition compared with healthy children.Inadequate energy intake, high energy requirement or both ofthese reasonsare thought to be the reason for malnourishment of children with congenital heart disease.Objectives:This studyaimedtoassess the nutritional status of children with congenital heart disease and associated factors in selected governmental hospitalsandcardiac center Addis Ababa,Ethiopia 2021Method:Institutional based cross sectional studywasconducted fromFeb. to Mar.2021among395Childrenunder15yearsold agediagnosed with CHD.Data wascollectedwithstructured questionnaireand chart review. Anthropometric measurementwasmeasured and medical history of the child wastaken from patient medical card.Datawascoded and entered to EPI data version 4.6andWHO Anthro Plus version 1.0.4 toolandexported toSPSS version 25 foranalyses.Multivariable regressionmodel was developed after p value of<0.25 in the binary logistic analysis then after p value< 0.05 was taken as significant.Result:Out of 395 samples373 childrenwereparticipated witha response rate of 94.4%.The prevalence ofwasting and stunting among the study participants was144(38.6%)and 134(35.9%) respectively.The prevalenceof underweightinchildrenunder 10years and was 143(43.1%). Children in the age group of13months -5yearswere 56.6% and64%less likely to bewasted andunderweightcompared to children age 0-12months [AOR=0.434, 95%CI :( 0.231, 0.816)] nd[AOR=0.360, 95%CI :( 0.183, 0.711)]. Compareddiagnosed withPAH childrenwere1.885 times more likely to be underweight[AOR=1.885, 95%CI :(1.094,3.246)]. When the hemoglobin level increases byevery unit perg/dl the chance to be wasting and underweightdecreases by 13.1%and 18.6%[AOR=0.869, 95%CI :( 0.792, 0.955)]and [AOR=0.869, 95%CI :( 0.792, 0.955)] respectively.And also when SPO2 increases by 1% the chance ofbeing malnourished decreases by3%and 6.4%[AOR=0.970, 95%CI :( 0.943, 0.998)] and [AOR=0.970, 95%CI :( 0.943, 0.998)]respectivelyfor stunting and underweight.Conclusion and Recommendation:The prevalence of malnutrition in children with CHD is pretty high. The responsible bodies should act on the accessibility of early treatment; work inmultidisciplinary way to prevent malnutrition and its consequences.
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    Prevalence of birth injuries and associated factors among newborns delivered in public hospitals Addis Ababa,Ethiopia,2021.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-06) Amsalu, Esubalew; Wondwossen, Kalkidan(MSc, Ass. Prof.); Mulugeta, Feven(BSc, MSc)
    Background: Birth injury is harm/damage that a baby suffers during the entire birth process. It includes both birth asphyxia and physical trauma (birth trauma). In Ethiopia, intra-partum related complications’ including birth injury has become the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, accounting around 28%-31.6 % of neonatal mortality. This study was done to assess the prevalence and factors associated with birth injuries among newborns delivered in public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on total of 373 samples from February 15 th to April 20 th , 2021 in selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Random sampling (lottery method) and systematic random sampling were used to select study area and study participants respectively. Interview and chart review were used to collect data. Data was entered by using Epi data version 4.0.2 and exported in to SPSS Software version 25 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions analysis were used to analyze the data. Finally P-value 0.05 was used to claim statistically significant. Result: In this study, the prevalence of birth injury was 24.7 %. Each birth asphyxia and birth trauma accounted 13.9 % and 12.9 % respectively. In the final model, birth asphyxia was significantly associated with the short height of the mothers (AOR=10.7, 95% CI: 3.59-32.4), intrapartal fetal distress (AOR=4.74, 95% CI: 1.81-12.4), cord prolapse (AOR=7.7. 95% CI: 1.45-34.0), tight nuchal cord (AOR=9.2. 95% CI: 4.9-35.3), birth attended by residents (AOR=0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.68), male sex of the newborns (AOR=3.84, 95% CI: 1.30-11.3) and low birth weight of the newborns (AOR= 5.28, 95% CI: 1.58-17.6). Whereas, birth trauma was significantly associated with gestational diabetic mellitus (AOR=5.01, 95% CI: 1.3818.1), prolonged duration of labor (AOR= 3.74, 95% CI: 1.52-9.20), instrumental delivery (AOR=10.6, 95% CI: 3.45-32.7) and night time birth (AOR=4.82, 95% CI: 1.84-12.6). Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of birth injury among newborns has continued to increases and become life-threatening issue in the delivery and neonatal intensive care unit in our study area. Therefore, considering the prevailing associated factors, robust effort has to be made to optimize the quality of ANC care, obstetric care and follow up and emergency obstetrics team has to be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of birth injury.
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    Survival Status and Predictors of Mortality among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia, 2021.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-06) Kebede, Mohammed; Dr.Sebsibe, Girum (MSC, PHD); Mulugeta, Feven(BSc, MSc)
    Background: The first 28-days of life, particularly the day of birth, are the most challenging and vulnerable time for a child’s survival and health. Neonatal deaths as a share of under-five deaths decreased more slowly than mortality among children aged 1–59 months and accounted for 47 percent of all under-five deaths. Moreover, Ethiopia is still on the 4 rank of global and sub-Saharan Africa neonatal mortality rate, respectively, which indicates neonatal death is a critical problem which needs farther studying of the underline predictors. Even though, some studies were conducted on predictors and determinants of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia, little is known about the time to neonatal death and its predictors. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the survival status and predictors of mortality among neonates admitted to NICU in Dessie Referral Hospital. Objectives: To determine the survival status and predictors of mortality among neonates admitted to NICU from 01/01/2018-31/12/2020 in Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: An institution-based retrospective cohort study was used among 542 neonates admitted from 2018-2020 in NICU of Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. Medical record numbers were obtained from patient register logbooks. Then data was collected from patient cards by using a systematic sampling method with pretested checklist. Data was entered using Epi-data 4.6 and analyzed using STATA 16. Kaplan Meier was used to estimating median survival time and cumulative probability of survival, and the logrank test was used to compare survival curves. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the relationship between independent and outcome variables. Results: Out of 542 eligible participant neonates, 104 (19.19%) died with an overall incidence rate of 35.54 (95%CI: 29.33, 40.08) deaths/1000 neonate-days observations. The overall median survival time was 14 days, with an overall cumulative survival probability of 36.10%. Low birth weight (AHR: 3.03, 95%CI: 1.53, 6.00), prolonged labor (AHR: 3.32, 95%CI: 1.46,7.53), primiparous mother (AHR: 2.23, 95%CI: 1.44, 3.45), preeclampsia (AHR: 2.17, 95%CI: 1.10, 4.25), Diabetic mother (AHR: 3.74, 95%CI: 1.57, 8.90), PNA (AHR: 2.61, 95%CI: 1.11, 6.13), and neonatal anemia (AHR: 9.14, 95%CI: 3.33, 25.08) were independent predictors of death. Conclusion: The incidence of death was 35.54 per 1000 neonate-day and LBW, primipara mother, prolonged labor, preeclampsia, maternal DM, PNA, neonatal anemia were identified as independent predictors of time to death of neonates. Keywords: Neonate, Survival Status, Neonatal Mortality, Predictors, Time to Death
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    Treatment Outcome of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and its Determinants among Children Admitted in Debre-tabor and Gondar Referral Hospital Ethiopia: a Retrospective Study.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-06) Ayehu, Mequanint; Dr.Murugan, Rajalakshmi(PhD); Mulugeta, Feven(BSc, MSc)
    Background: -Diabetic ketoacidosis represents a state of acute metabolic stress that occurs due to absolute or relative insulin deficiency for metabolism of glucose. It causes 0.15-0.35% death of children in developed countries and 3.4-13.4% in developing countries. Objective: To assess the treatment outcome of diabetic ketoacidosis and its determinants among children with DKA in Debre-tabor and Gondar Referral Hospitals, North-West Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: Institutional based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted with sample size of 244. Systematic random sampling method was applied to select the study subject. The data was collected by using checklist in the medical record. The collected data was coded and entered in Epidata version 4.6 and was transferred to SPSS 25 for further analysis. Bivariate analysis was done and all independent variables which have association with the outcome variable at p-value 0.25 were entered in to multivariable model. A p-value 0.05 was considered as a cut of value to indicate statistical significance. Result: In this study a total of 240 DKA children with response rate of 98.4%) were included. From these, 86.7% of them recovered and 13.3% died. Respiratory tract infections (AOR=3.5; 95%CI;1.2-10), sepsis (AOR=4.9; 95%CI;1.45-16.57), cerebral edema (AOR=5.89;95%CI;1.5622.3),renal failure (AOR=3.6;95%CI;1.06-12.45), hyponatremia (AOR=4;95%CI;1.02-16.1), hypernatremia(AOR=7.4;95%CI;1.29-42.08),vomiting(AOR=3.4;95%CI;1.06-10.8),dehydration (AOR=4; 95%CI;1.15-14.03) and not giving potassium replacement therapy (AOR=7.4; 95%CI;1.29-42.08) were significant associated factors for death of children with DKA. Conclusion and recommendation In general, the overall mortality of children with DKA was 13.3% in this study. The major associated factors for death of children with DKA were vomiting, dehydration, hyponatremia/ hypernatremia, Respiratory tract infections, sepsis, renal failure, cerebral edema and potassium therapy. So that early diagnosis and treatment of the above factors are necessary to prevent death of children with DKA.