Prevalence of birth injuries and associated factors among newborns delivered in public hospitals Addis Ababa,Ethiopia,2021.
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Date
2021-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Birth injury is harm/damage that a baby suffers during the entire birth process.
It includes both birth asphyxia and physical trauma (birth trauma). In Ethiopia, intra-partum
related complications’ including birth injury has become the leading cause of neonatal
morbidity and mortality, accounting around 28%-31.6 % of neonatal mortality. This study was
done to assess the prevalence and factors associated with birth injuries among newborns
delivered in public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on total of 373 samples from
February 15
th
to April 20
th
, 2021 in selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Random sampling (lottery method) and systematic random sampling were used to select study
area and study participants respectively. Interview and chart review were used to collect data.
Data was entered by using Epi data version 4.0.2 and exported in to SPSS Software version 25
for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions analysis were used to
analyze the data. Finally P-value 0.05 was used to claim statistically significant.
Result: In this study, the prevalence of birth injury was 24.7 %. Each birth asphyxia and birth
trauma accounted 13.9 % and 12.9 % respectively. In the final model, birth asphyxia was
significantly associated with the short height of the mothers (AOR=10.7, 95% CI: 3.59-32.4),
intrapartal fetal distress (AOR=4.74, 95% CI: 1.81-12.4), cord prolapse (AOR=7.7. 95% CI:
1.45-34.0), tight nuchal cord (AOR=9.2. 95% CI: 4.9-35.3), birth attended by residents
(AOR=0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.68), male sex of the newborns (AOR=3.84, 95% CI: 1.30-11.3)
and low birth weight of the newborns (AOR= 5.28, 95% CI: 1.58-17.6). Whereas, birth trauma
was significantly associated with gestational diabetic mellitus (AOR=5.01, 95% CI: 1.3818.1),
prolonged duration of labor (AOR= 3.74, 95% CI: 1.52-9.20), instrumental delivery
(AOR=10.6, 95% CI: 3.45-32.7) and night time birth (AOR=4.82, 95% CI: 1.84-12.6).
Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of birth injury among newborns has
continued to increases and become life-threatening issue in the delivery and neonatal intensive
care unit in our study area. Therefore, considering the prevailing associated factors, robust
effort has to be made to optimize the quality of ANC care, obstetric care and follow up and
emergency obstetrics team has to be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of birth injury.
Description
Keywords
Births injury, Birth Asphyxia, Birth trauma, Newborns, Prevalence