Prevalence of Birth Injuries and Associated Factors among Newborns Delivered in Public Hospitals Addis Ababa,Ethiopia,2021.
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Date
2021-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Birth injury is harm/damage that a baby suffers during the entire birth process.It includes both birth asphyxia and physical trauma (birth trauma). In Ethiopia, intra-partumrelated complications’ including birth injury has become the leading cause of neonatalmorbidity and mortality, accounting around 28%-31.6 % of neonatal mortality. This study wasdone to assess the prevalence and factors associated with birth injuries among newbornsdelivered in public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on total of 373 samples fromFebruary 15th to April 20th, 2021 in selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Random sampling (lottery method) and systematic random sampling were used to select studyarea and study participants respectively. Interview and chart review were used to collect data.Data was entered by using Epi data version 4.0.2 and exported in to SPSS Software version 25for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions analysis were used toanalyze the data. Finally P-value 0.05 was used to claim statistically significant.
Result: In this study, the prevalence of birth injury was 24.7 %. Each birth asphyxia and birthtrauma accounted 13.9 % and 12.9 % respectively. In the final model, birth asphyxia wassignificantly associated with the short height of the mothers (AOR=10.7, 95% CI: 3.59-32.4),intrapartal fetal distress (AOR=4.74, 95% CI: 1.81-12.4), cord prolapse (AOR=7.7. 95% CI:1.45-34.0), tight nuchal cord (AOR=9.2. 95% CI: 4.9-35.3), birth attended by residents(AOR=0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.68), male sex of the newborns (AOR=3.84, 95% CI: 1.30-11.3)and low birth weight of the newborns (AOR= 5.28, 95% CI: 1.58-17.6). Whereas, birth traumawas significantly associated with gestational diabetic mellitus (AOR=5.01, 95% CI: 1.3818.1),prolonged duration of labor (AOR= 3.74, 95% CI: 1.52-9.20), instrumental delivery(AOR=10.6, 95% CI: 3.45-32.7) and night time birth (AOR=4.82, 95% CI: 1.84-12.6).
Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of birth injury among newborns hascontinued to increases and become life-threatening issue in the delivery and neonatal intensivecare unit in our study area. Therefore, considering the prevailing associated factors, robusteffort has to be made to optimize the quality of ANC care, obstetric care and follow up andemergency obstetrics team has to be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of birth injury.
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Keywords
Births injury, Birth Asphyxia, Birth trauma, Newborns, Prevalence