Browsing by Author "Mengistu, Daniel (Assistant Professor)"

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    Adherence to Self Management and Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients Attending Chronic Follow Up Units of Public Health Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2016
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Tibebu, Abel; Mengistu, Daniel (Assistant Professor)
    Background - One of the most prevalent non communicable diseases is hypertension. The availability of effective antihypertensive medications didn‟t bring the expected outcomes in terms of controlling blood pressure. The rationale for these and other findings of uncontrolled hypertension direct towards poor adherence. The most neglected causes of uncontrolled hypertension are unhealthy lifestyles. Few studies are conducted to show the gap and magnitude of self-management adherence. Objectives – This study tried to assess the self-management adherence of hypertensive patients attending follow up at chronic follow up units of public health hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,2016. Method – Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted in four public health hospitals which were selected by lottery method. The final calculated sample size was 416 which were proportionally allocated to each of the institutions and systematic random sampling was used. Data was checked, cleaned and entered in to Epidata software version 3.1, and was imported to SPSS version 21 software for analysis. The results of the descriptive statistics were expressed as percentages and frequencies. Associations between independent variables and dependent variables were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. The study was conducted from February 15 – April 15, 2016. Results – The study included 404 respondents with 97% response rate. 210(52%) were male and mean age was 54±10.77 years. The respondents‟ adherence to lifestyle modifications and anti- hypertensive medications were 23% and 66.8% respectively. The lifestyle and medication related adherences were found to be better in females, patients who had comorbidities and have been knowledgeable about the disease and was poor among young adult respondents. Conclusion and Recommendations – The rates of adherence to medication and life-style changes were generally found to be low. Educational sessions that especially focus on lifestyle modifications and ongoing support for patients should be designed and studies which assess all the components of self-management should be conducted for comparison among different subgroups. Keywords – Self management, Adherence, Hypertension, Lifestyle modifications, Anti- hypertensive medications
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    Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitude and Perceived Barriers to Expressed Pressure Ulcer Prevention Practice in Addis Ababa Government Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2015
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Dilie, Abebe; Mengistu, Daniel (Assistant Professor)
    Background: Although pressure ulcer development is now generally considered as an indicator for quality of nursing care, questions and concerns about situations in which they are unavoidable remain. Awareness about the significance of the problem, positive attitude towards prevention and an adequate level of knowledge are cornerstones to effectively prevent pressure ulcers. Objective: To assess nurses’ knowledge, attitudes and perceived barriers to expressed pressure ulcer prevention practice in Addis Ababa government hospitals, Ethiopia, 2015 Methods and materials: Institution based cross sectional study was conducted from April to May, 2015. Three hospitals were selected by simple random sampling from 12 government hospitals and 217 eligible nurses were selected by using simple random sampling (SRS) after nurses were proportionally allocated to size from each selected hospital. Data were collected through pretested self administered structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the data. Results: Among the respondents, 61.2% were found to have adequate knowledge regarding pressure ulcer prevention practice whereas 68.4% of the participants had favorable attitude to pressure ulcer prevention practice. Moreover, 67.3% of the participants had good practice about pressure ulcer prevention. The most reported barriers to practice pressure ulcer prevention were unproportionate nurse to patient ratio (67.9%), lack of training and education (56.1%), shortage of equipment (53.6%) and lack of job satisfaction (64.3%). Conclusion and Recommendation: More than half of the nurses were found to have adequate knowledge about pressure ulcer prevention and their outlook towards it remain majorly favorable. Expressed pressure ulcer prevention practice was affected by the participant’s level of knowledge, attitude and barriers of care. To provide effective prevention of pressure ulcer, nurses’ level of knowledge and attitude should be enhanced besides resolving these barriers. Key words: nurses, Pressure ulcer, prevention, knowledge, attitude, perceived barriers
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    Knowledge and Attitude Towards Nursing Clinical Preceptorship Among Nurse Educators Working In Teaching Institutions In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Admassu, Andreas; Mengistu, Daniel (Assistant Professor)
    Background: Despite being a primary target of nursing education, clinical skills are still major areas of concern among students and novice graduates alike. Clinical preceptorship in nursing is a teaching and guidance program where students are paired with an experienced nurse in the clinical environment to equip them with clinical skills and nursing values. Since nurse educators are one of the primarily responsible bodies for its effective implementation and eventual success, this study assessed their knowledge and attitude towards clinical preceptorship. Objectives: To assess the knowledge and attitude towards nursing clinical preceptorship among nurse educators working in teaching institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: The study was conducted in Addis Ababa and used an institution-based descriptive cross-sectional study method mixed with qualitative approaches. 109 nurse educators participated in the quantitative data gathering while an in-depth interview with five participants involved in nursing education was used for qualitative data gathering. Results: Among the educators, 43.1% were found to be knowledgeable about nursing clinical preceptorship and its concepts whereas 96.3% had favorable attitude towards clinical preceptorship. A statistically significant association was found between the knowledge of educators towards preceptorship and their educational qualifications together with their teaching experiences. In-depth interviews revealed the existence of a theory-practice gap while shortage of facilities for clinical practice were the main challenges for clinical teachings. Role of nurse educators in clinical practice was also reported to be minimal. Conclusion and Recommendation: Less than half of the educators were found to have adequate knowledge towards nursing clinical preceptorship whereas the outlook towards it remains almost exclusively favorable. Additionally, clinical practical attachments of students is faced with a variety of challenges. Teaching institutions should focus on enhancing clinical skills of students and alleviate the problems it faces while hospitals and healthcare institutions should play their part in producing competent nursing workforce. Further studies related to clinical preceptorship and related matters is highly recommended. Keywords: Clinical Preceptorship, Clinical practice, Nurse Educator, Preceptor, Knowledge, Attitude
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    Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards Testicular Self Examination Among Regular Undergraduate Non-Health Sciences University Students, Debre Tabor, Amhara Regional State, North West Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Zeleke, Shegaw; Mengistu, Daniel (Assistant Professor)
    Background: Testicular self-examination is a screening technique that involves inspection and palpation of the testes for early detection of testicular cancer. The incidence of testicular cancer among 15-35 aged males have been increased worldwide despite being rare in the general population. A significant number of adult men presented with advanced stage of testicular cancer due to lack of information, knowledge and awareness of early detection measurements. Despite of increasement, nine out of ten testicular cancer cases can be detected by testicular self- examination and almost 90% can be cured if earlier detected. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of Testicular-self-examination and associated factors among non- health sciences Debre Tabor University undergraduate regular students, North West Ethiopia,2017 Methods: An institution based cross - sectional quantitative study among 422 Debretabor University students was done. Study participants were stratified based on their year and field of study and selected by simple random sampling method. Pretested structured self-administered questionnaire on March 13/2017 was applied. The data was entered using Epi data version 3.1statistical software and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 22.0. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out. Results: A total of 422 respondents were participated with a response rate of 415(98.3%). Out of the respondents 132 (31.8%) had good knowledge, half 213(51.3%) of respondents had favorable attitude and 49 (11.8%) had good practice. The major reason 227(62.0%) for not to perform testicular self- examination was not having knowledge about testicular self- examination. Family history of testicular cancer and cues to action were the predictor for knowledge, religion and self- efficacy were predictor for attitude and history of testicular cancer and self-efficacy were predictor for practice of testicular self- examination at P < 0.05. Conclusion and recommendations: Testicular self- examination knowledge and practice among respondents were inadequate due to lack of health promotion for testicular self- examination, but their attitude towards TSE was optimal. Debre Tabor University needs to organize workshops, seminar and conference to educate students on knowledge, attitude and practice of TSE. Ministry of health also recommended to advocate early detection of TC through TSE for young adult. Key words: Testicular self-examination, knowledge, attitude, practice, student, Ethiopia
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    Knowledge, Attitude, Practice of Cervical Cancer Screening and Its Associated Factors Among Female Students in Hawassa Universitycollege of Medicine and Health Science Hawassa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Tsegaye, Shimeles; Mengistu, Daniel (Assistant Professor)
    Background: Cervical cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women in the world. It has been estimated that about 500,000 cases of cervical cancer occur worldwide yearly, with 85% occurrence in resource-poor countries. In Ethiopia, cervical cancer is the 2nd most common female cancer in women aged 15 to 44 years and 7,095 new cervical cancer cases are diagnosed annually. The most common factors which contribute for cervical cancer and its prevention are: inadequate knowledge about the disease, early initiation of sexual intercourse and multiple sexual partner. Therefore; basic knowledge and an early screening for cervical cancer is a key intervention in reduction of maternal deaths secondary to cervical cancer. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude, practice of cervical cancer screening and its associated factors among female students in Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa Ethiopia 2015. Methods: A cross sectional quantitative survey was conducted using a pretested anonymous self- administered questionnaire among female students in Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences from January, 2015 to May 30. The study subjects were selected using by lottery method of simple random sampling technique and a total of 422 female students aged 18- 26 years took part in the study. Six diploma midwives were employed to facilitate data collection. The collected data were entered in using EPI-info version 3.5.1 software and exported to SPSS version 20 for further analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practice towards cervical cancer screening. For data processing and analysis, SPSS version 20 was used Results: overall, (76.8%) of the female students had heard about cervical cancer. Risk factors like having multiple sexual partners and initiation of sexual intercourse at early age by and Human papilloma virus were mainly reported risk factors for cervical cancer by 189 (49.7%) and 47.4% of respondents respectively. Of the risk factors, 189 (49.77% ) of students indicated that having multiple sexual partners and initiation of sexual intercourse at early age were commonly reported risk factor for cervical cancer while 180(47.4%) of them identified Human papilloma virus But only 202(53.3%) of the respondents were heard about cervical cancer screening, and almost near to half 48.2 of the respondent were not knew whether there is screening procedures to detect early stages of cervical cancer. There were poor practice of cervical cancer screening among female students. Also almost near to half 170(44.7%) of the students had negative attitude towards screening practice. Conclusion: More than half of the respondents knew about risk factors and symptoms of cervical cancer fairly and most of the students heard about cervical cancer. But most of the respondents were not heard weather there is screening methods for early detection of cervical cancer and poor practice of screening. Keywords: Cervical cancer, Cervical cancer screening, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice