Adherence to Self Management and Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients Attending Chronic Follow Up Units of Public Health Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2016
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Date
2016-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background - One of the most prevalent non communicable diseases is hypertension. The
availability of effective antihypertensive medications didn‟t bring the expected outcomes in
terms of controlling blood pressure. The rationale for these and other findings of uncontrolled
hypertension direct towards poor adherence. The most neglected causes of uncontrolled
hypertension are unhealthy lifestyles. Few studies are conducted to show the gap and magnitude
of self-management adherence.
Objectives – This study tried to assess the self-management adherence of hypertensive patients
attending follow up at chronic follow up units of public health hospitals in Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia,2016.
Method – Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted in four public health hospitals
which were selected by lottery method. The final calculated sample size was 416 which were
proportionally allocated to each of the institutions and systematic random sampling was used.
Data was checked, cleaned and entered in to Epidata software version 3.1, and was imported to
SPSS version 21 software for analysis. The results of the descriptive statistics were expressed as
percentages and frequencies. Associations between independent variables and dependent
variables were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. The study was conducted from
February 15 – April 15, 2016.
Results – The study included 404 respondents with 97% response rate. 210(52%) were male and
mean age was 54±10.77 years. The respondents‟ adherence to lifestyle modifications and anti-
hypertensive medications were 23% and 66.8% respectively. The lifestyle and medication related
adherences were found to be better in females, patients who had comorbidities and have been
knowledgeable about the disease and was poor among young adult respondents.
Conclusion and Recommendations – The rates of adherence to medication and life-style
changes were generally found to be low. Educational sessions that especially focus on lifestyle
modifications and ongoing support for patients should be designed and studies which assess all
the components of self-management should be conducted for comparison among different
subgroups.
Keywords – Self management, Adherence, Hypertension, Lifestyle modifications, Anti-
hypertensive medications
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Keywords
Self management, Adherence, Hypertension, Lifestyle modifications