Browsing by Author "Lemma Girma"

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    Assessment of Nurses Knowledge, Attitude and Practice About Oxygen Therapy at Emergency Departments of one Federal and three Regional Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Lemma Girma; Weldetsadik Assefu
    Background - Oxygen should be regarded as a drug. It is prescribed to prevent or treat hypoxemia. The concentration of oxygen prescribed aims to bring oxygen saturation (SpO2) to normal or near normal oxygen saturation. Objective - To assess knowledge, attitude and practices of nurses and factors associated with poor KAP about oxygen therapy at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Minillik II Referral Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Referral Hospital from February to May 2015. Method – A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. The target population was all nurses and midwives working in the emergency department/units of the above hospitals. Sample size determination formula was not applied since all nurses and midwives in EDs of the selected hospitals expected to respond a self administered questionnaire. Data was collected using structured questioners that measured nurses’ knowledge, attitude and practice about oxygen therapy including associated factors in comparison with the widely used oxygen therapy guidelines in nursing standards. Data were coded and entered into a data base using SPSS version 20 and cleaned as well as edited before analysis. Results - Among 152 nurses included in the study, 38.2% were males. The median age was found in the age category ranged from 26-30 years. The mean score on knowledge, attitude and practice were 3.03(SD= 1.6665), 13.76(SD= 2.102) and 3.0921(SD= 1.76183 respectively.Level ofknowledge, attitude and practice on oxygen therapy was poor and good in 97(63.8%)and 55(36.2%) for knowledge; 71(46.7%) and 81(53.3%) for attitude; 86(56.6%) and 66(43.4%)for practice respectively.Factors associated with poor knowledge, attitude and practice on oxygen therapy were training Yes in 50(32.9%), No in 102(67.1%); availability of oxygen therapy guideline Yes in 36(23.7%),No in 91(59.9%), I do not know in 25(16.4%); adequate supply of oxygen and delivery devices Yes in 79(52.0%), No in 57(37.5%), I do not know in 16(10.5%); work load affects oxygen therapy Yes in 99(65.1%), No in 37(24.3%) and Unknown in 16(10.5%) Conclusion and recommendation – This study showed that there is a clear knowledge, attitude and practice gap among nurses who were working in ED. The possible associated factors were also identified which includes lack of oxygen therapy training and guideline, work load, inadequate supply of oxygen and delivery devices. It is recommended that ED nurses must be given training on oxygen therapy and be updated. National oxygen therapy guideline or Hospital protocol must be developed. Oxygen supply and delivery devices should always be adequate and be used properly
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    Attitude of Parents and Teachers’ towards Early Childhood Care and Education Centers in Selected Preschools in West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Teshome Gemechu; Lemma Girma
    ECCE program refers to a comprehensive approach or programmes for children from birth to eight years of age, which needs positive attitude of parents and caregivers towards the program. The main purpose of the study was to investigate parents and teachers’ attitude towards early childhood care and education in West Wollega Zone, Oromia Region. To conduct the study, mixed research method with descriptive design was applied. In this study 40 teachers and 30 parents samples from 4 Woredas and 10preschools were participated using simple random and purposive sampling techniques respectively. The data collection tools used for this study were questionnaires, interview and document analysis. The quantitative data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20 and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statics; whereas qualitative data were used to support the main data through narration in words. The results of the study indicated that: The role and attitudes of parents and teachers to support early childhood care and education in selected preschools awareness of ECCE programme were insufficient. The interview result also revealed that they were not volunteer in communicating with teachers, participating in academic activities at home, and attending school events. Parent whose children are not enrolling into ECCE programme are not encouraged in line with expected purpose in regular education. As interview result confirmed Parent’s education level and socioeconomic status has the potential influence on children education. The result also revealed that as the lack of parents’ awareness regarding the benefit of education were the major factors at the study area. In order to develop attitudes of parents and teachers in early childhood parents should help of childhood to expand preschool in the study area. Finally, the Pearson correlation coefficient was computed to determine the relationship between parents and teachers attitude and ECCE center at (γ=.580**, p=000N=63) meaning that there is moderate significant difference between them. The teacher should take different roles in the school in order to achieve the objectives of the school. Concerned bodies should provide awareness about the importance of parental attitude in their children’s education to parents, teachers, and administrators thereby increasing ECCE program in the zone.
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    Home Environment and Dimensions of Development in Preschool Children in Debre Markos Town
    (Addis Ababa University , 2021-10) Giletew Habtam; Lemma Girma
    Home environment occupies the first and the most important place in laying the foundation for the child’s personality. It is here that the basic developmental phases such as physical, cognitive, social-emotional and language domains of development which strongly influence well-being throughout life take place. The purpose of this study was to study home environment and dimensions of development in preschool children in Debre Markos town. To achieve this objective, the researcher used descriptive survey and correlation design, and both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed. Purposive sampling and stratified simple random sampling were employed to select participants. The study was conducted on ten government preschools found in Debre Markos town. The participants of the study were 294 parents and 10 preschool teachers. Data was collected using questionnaire and interview. Structured questionnaire items for 274 parents and semi-structured interview questions for 20 parents and 10 teachers were also administered. Quantitative data obtained through questionnaire was analyzed using mean, standard deviation, one-way ANOVA and regression. Whereas, qualitative data obtained through interview and open-ended questions was analyzed using translation and narration. Findings showed that there was positive significant relationship between the independent variables (Physical, Social, Academic Support, and Psychological Environments) and all dimensions of development. It also revealed that independent variables predicted dependent variables. Based on the findings, there was direct relation between parents’ educational levels and child development. The findings also indicated that no significant difference found between male and female respondents and job type of participants in all dimensions of development. Low economic income, lack of awareness on home environment and child development, and parents’ mis treatment of children were the major home environment challenges. The government bodies, parents, policy makers and preschool teachers should take the responsibility and create awareness about the importance of home environment for the development of children.
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    Quality of Early Childhood Education in Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University , 2021-08) Gizaw Fekadu; Lemma Girma
    This research is aimed at studying the status of the quality of early childhood education in private preschools in Oromia special zone Surrounding Addis Ababa. In this study exploratory research and qualitative research approach was employed. The participants of the study included four preschool education expertise one from Oromia special zone education office and Others from Sululta, Mulo and Berek woredas education offices, teachers, parents and principals of 9 sample preschools were selected for the study by applying purposive sampling method. Data was collected by using observation, interview, focus group discussion, and document analysis. The results of the study shows that; there were curriculum implementation differences among preschools, lack of qualified teachers to implement the syllabus of preschools properly and lack of qualified caregivers; large class size, improper classroom buildings and shortage of service rooms, inappropriate teaching method, inappropriate and inadequate indoor and outdoor materials, unavailability of inputs for children with special needs, and lack of parent participation in preschool education, shortages of documents for Early Childhood Care and Education in preschools: like text books, teachers‟ guides, documents for children with special needs and other policy documents, were hazards to bring quality ECCE in the selected preschools. Thus, the regional, zonal and woreda education offices professionals and expertise were advised to be accountable their roles and duties in ensuring and promoting quality of ECCE to the standards. Oromia education offices, ECCE principals and supervisors ought to build strong partnership with the preschools facilitators, and children‟s families to fill the professional and parental involvement gabs within their pre- schools. The facilitators also advised to facilitate continuous clinical and collegial supervision practices among the facilitators and conducting action researches and taking actions (interventions) for enhancement quality provision of ECCE in the study area in particular and in the country in general.